整体弹性船模水弹性理论与试验

本文利用水弹性力学理论对整体弹性船模进行波浪中的运动，加速度和动态应变、流浪弯矩的计算，并与试验结果进行了分析比较，二者吻合良好，从而表明水弹性力学理论以及整体弹性船模试验技术是可靠的、合理的。     

船舶水弹性分析及试验研究

本文以半无矩壳理论和三维流体边界元方法为基础，应用干模态技术建立了一个新的实用的船舶水弹性理论模型，用于船体结构在水中运动的流固－耦合作用进行模态分析；编制了相应的微机计算软件；制作了钢质船模，分析中空气中和水上进行了振动模态试验，数值结果与试验结果符合良好，表明本文提出的水弹性模型及计算程序是正确的、实用的。     

近岛礁复杂波浪环境中浮体水弹性力学响应问题

布设在岛礁海域复杂波浪环境中的大型多模块浮体的设计及其波浪载荷和安全性评估面临诸多区别于开阔海域中海洋浮体的技术挑战.该文概要叙述近岛礁波浪流演化规律的实测情况、预报岛礁海域波浪环境的"多尺度区域和多尺度网格方法"、近岛礁海域复杂波浪环境中的超大型浮体水弹性力学理论和超大型浮体多模块柔性连接动力学分析方法的部分研究成果...     

高拱坝坝身泄洪流激振动水弹性模拟研究

研制了对混凝土坝及基岩进行水弹性模拟的新配方和材料，并用此材料成功地对黄河拉西瓦高拱坝坝身泄漏的流激振动进行水弹性模拟试验。在比尺为１：１５０的拱坝－地基－库水耦合系统的水弹性整体模型上，进行了实验模态分析，给出系统的空、满库的模态特性并与理论模态相比较；测定了拱坝坝身泄洪水舌跌落水垫塘消能时，紊流流振动的动力响应，定量地给出响应的强度和频谱；论证了高拱坝坝身泄洪的安全性。     

三峡工程截流期明渠和二期围堰戗堤口门的通航条件

 介绍了三峡工程截流期导流明渠和戗堤口门的船模试验和水力学试验情况。采用船模试验和水力学试验相结合的方法， 以船闸设计规范和有关通航标准为依据， 对船模航行参数和水力学参数进行综合分析比较来判别船队通航条件的好坏。     

舰船在波浪中补给的运动性能研究

本文介绍舰船在波浪中补给时的运动响应理论计算方法，运用三维势流理论计算两船的水动力相互作用和波浪扰动力。根据两船的相对运动进行两船补给时的相碰概率预报。预报结果与水池船模试验进行了初步验证，吻合较好。     

三峡工程截流期明渠和二期和围堰戗堤口门的通航条件

介绍了三峡工程截流期导流明渠和戗堤口门的船模试验和水力学试验情况。采用船模拟试验和水力学试验相结合的方法，以船闸设计规范和有关通航标准为依据，对船模航行参数和水力学参数进行综合分析比较来判别船队通航条件的好坏。     

脉冲波作用下竖直弹性板的水弹性响应

基于线性势流理论,将流场分为3个部分:入射势与反射势部分、辐射势的记忆部分、辐射势的瞬时部分,竖直弹性板的时域振动基于模态叠加法,利用傅里叶与拉普拉斯变换求解流场控制方程,与板的振动方程耦合,推导得出波浪作用下竖直弹性板的时域耦合方程,并利用二级四阶隐式Runge-Kutta法求解方程。首先给定竖直板一个初始弯曲,得到的结果与解析解和数值解结果吻合良好,验证了方法的正确性。其次对脉冲波作用下弹性竖直板的响应进行研究,分析了板的刚度系数、质量系数、脉冲幅值和边界条件对其水弹性响应的影响。研究结果表明,刚度系数对板的振动频率影响很大,脉冲幅值与板的振动幅度正相关,两边固定时对竖直弹性板的疲劳损伤最严重。     

弹性金属塑料轴瓦材料蠕变理论模型研究

利用微观力学的方法，对弹性金属塑料轴瓦材料的蠕变行为进行了研究，推导出了该材料的蠕变力学模型。实验证明，这种理论模型对弹性金属塑料轴瓦材料在线性蠕变范围内的预测是合理的。     

碾压混凝土坝的弹性矩阵探讨

本文利用损伤力学原理来探讨碾压混凝土坝的弹性矩阵。将层间弱面视为损伤,由此产生对坝整体弹性性质的影响。文中给出了有关公式,可供工程设计参考。     

基于分位数回归的升船机变形监控模型构建方法

为深入分析升船机变形影响因素,提出了一种基于分位数回归的升船机变形监控模型构建方法。该方法根据升船机的结构特点,将温度、前期上游水位均值等因素引入候选影响因子集,采用自适应弹性网络分位数回归对影响因子进行筛选,建立各分位数下的回归模型,并根据拟合的良好性和检验的有效性原则选出最优的升船机变形监控模型。实例验证结果表明：相对于常规的逐步回归模型,本文方法构建的最优模型的预测精度波动性小,具有较强的稳定性,同时具有良好的长期预测能力。     

A three-dimensional hydroelasticity theory for ship structures in acoustic field of shallow sea

Nowadays the development of green ship technology requires the vibration and noise control of oceangoing ships. The three-dimensional hydroelasticity theory of ships was previously extended to include the effect of fluid compressibility. This enables the dynamic responses and the acoustic radiations of a ship excited by onboard machineries or fluid fluctuation loads to be predicted. In this paper the hydroelastic analysis and sonoelastic analysis methods are fixrther incorporated with the Green＇s function in the Pekeris ocean hydro-acoustic waveguide model to work out a three-dimensional sonoelastic analysis method for ships in the ocean hydro-acoustic environment. As examples, the sound radiations of a floating elastic spherical shell excited by a concentrated force and a traveling LNG ship excited by the propeller induced pulsating forces acting on the wetted bottom plate of the stem in the shallow sea environment are predicted. The influences of the free surface and the sea bed on the generalized hydrodynamic coefficients and the acoustic pressure distributions in fluid domain are illustrated and discussed.     

三峡永久船闸输水反向弧形阀门流激振动问题研究

本文采用原型观测、模拟试验和理论分析等手段,对三峡永久船闸高水头输水反向弧形阀门的流激振动问题进行深入研究。研究内容包括:(1)以五强溪船闸反向弧形阀的原型观测为基础,对三峡船闸反向弧形阀及输水廊道紊流场进行精细的数值模拟和试验研究,通过综合分析,对三峡反向弧形阀门可能出现的小开度强振区的振源进行预报。(2)研究符合金属结构水弹性相似的高容重、低弹模的特殊材料系列,并用该材料制成了1∶20三峡反向弧形阀的"完全水弹性相似"的流激振动模型;用该模型进行了实验(干)模态分析,并与有限元的理论模态分析相比较,二者符合较好,说明它的动力性能良好,可用于反向弧形阀门的各项水弹性振动问题研究;在大型减压箱中对三峡永久船闸反向弧形阀在输水过程中的紊流流激振动进行模拟,预报阀门结构的动力特性及动力响应。最后对减振、抗振措施提出相应建议。     

URANS simulations of ship motion responses in long-crest irregular waves

In this paper, numerical prediction of ship motion responses in long-crest irregular waves by the URANS-VOF method is presented. A white noise spectrum is applied to generate the incoming waves to evaluate the motion responses. The procedure can replace a decade of simulations in regular wave with one single run to obtain a complete curve of linear motion response, considerably reducing computation time. A correction procedure is employed to adjust the wave generation signal based on the wave spectrum and achieves fairly better results in the wave tank. Three ship models with five wave conditions are introduced to validate the method. The computations in this paper are completed by using the solver naoe-FOAM-SJTU, a solver developed for ship and ocean engineering based on the open source code OpenFOAM. The computational motion responses by the irregular wave procedure are compared with the results by regular wave, experiments and strip theory. Transfer functions by irregular wave closely agree with the data obtained in the regular waves, showing negligible difference. The comparison between computational results and experiments also show good agreements. The results better predicted by CFD method than strip theories indicate that this method can compensate for the inaccuracy of the strip theories. The results confirm that the irregular wave procedure is a promising method for the accurate prediction of motion responses with less accuracy loss and higher efficiency compared with the regular wave procedure.     

桥区河段横流对船舶航行的影响

以某桥梁通航论证水工模型试验研究为基础,进行了遥控自航船模试验,对船模沿桥区不同航线航行情况下受到的水流影响进行了分析,重点分析了横流作用下的船舶受力以及桥区河段横向水流对船模航行的影响.分析结果表明,航线选择不同,船舶受水流的影响也不同;船舶受横流的影响程度与船型和静水航速等因素有关,船舶尺寸越大,受横流的影响越大;船舶静水航速越大,受横流的影响越小.横流作用下船舶的受力复杂,桥区河段应该合理规划航线以减小横流对船舶航行的影响,保证桥区通航安全.     

Theory and applications of coupled fluid-structure interactions of ships in waves and ocean acoustic environment

Wave induced motions and structural distortions, and machinery or propeller excited vibrations and acoustic radiations of a ship are two kinds of important fluid-structure interaction problems. The branch of ship science that describes the coupled wave induced dynamic behavior of fluid-structure interaction system is referred to as hydroelasticity. During the past three decades the development of three-dimensional hydroelasticity theories and applications gained great progress. Recently the 3-D hydroelasticity theory was further extended to account for the fluid compressibility and the effect of the ocean acoustic environment with finite water depth. A three-dimensional sono-elasticity theory was then produced. In this paper, the 3-D hydroelasticity theory and the 3-D sono-elasticity theory of ships are briefly described. To illustrate the applicability and feasibility of these theories and the corresponding numerical approaches, several examples are presented including the predictions of wave loads, rigid-body and flexiblebody responses, springing and fatigue behaviors, machinery or propeller excited coupled structural vibrations and acoustic radiations, as well as design optimizations for improving safety and acoustic behaviors of ships.     

通航河流上桥渡工程船模航行试验

介绍了小比尺船模和正态河工模型相结合研究通航河流上的桥梁对船舶航行的影响。以京泸高速铁路跨越长江建桥方案的通航试验为例，讨论了代表性船队的选择，进行了河工模型的验证和船模率定，获得了船舶的航行参数。     

卷扬垂直升船机水动力学一些问题的探讨

卷扬垂直升船机的水动力学是一个复杂的课题，过去国内外对此研究甚少。近十余年，我们通过对三峡升船机水动力学的模型试验研究，尤其是通过对福建水口、广西岩滩两座升船机的大比尺全整体模型试验研究，积累了较多资料，本文综合这些试验研究成果，对垂直升船机运行中的水力特征值:如厢内水体波动形成的纵向偏心距、船厢的稳定、船舶行驶在厢体中的最大下沉量、承船厢入水时池内水面的最大升高值、卧倒门开启的工作条件等问题，作了比较系统的分析和介绍。