Novel Microstrip Photonic Bandgap Cell Structures

In general, a planar microstrip photonic bandgap (PBG) structure os a periodic array of holes etched in the ground plane of a microstrip line. To use a circuit with a PBG, the PBG structure cannot be fixed on a metal base and needs to be shielded. In this paper, two kinds of novel microstrip PBG unit cells with special patterns etched in the strip line, which can be used as the conventional microstrip circuits, are proposed and analyzed in detail. The results show that the transmission line theory is valid for the theoretic analysis of PBG circuits.     

新型光子带隙微带贴片天线

提出一种新型光子带隙(PBG)结构微带贴片天线。在同轴线馈电型微带贴片天线的接地板上蚀刻出新颖PBG结构,通过数值仿真得到有效提高增益的结构。实际制作了PBG结构微带天线,并实测了天线特性参数。数值结果和实验结果进行了比较,取得了较为一致的结果.实测天线增益达8.8dB,比无PBG时提高约3dB,验证了该PBG结构的有效性。     

光子带隙结构在微带线中的应用

提出了一种用于微带线的光子带隙结构,该结构由在微带线的底板上光刻出成周期型的正方形环缝组成,对此结构进行了仿真.通过改变环缝的边长,可以看到它们具有不同的阻带特性.     

Harmonic suppression with photonic bandgap and defected ground structure for a microstrip patch antenna

This letter presents a microstrip patch antenna integrated with two-dimensional photonic bandgap (PBG) and one-dimensional defected ground structure (DGS) jointly in ground plane. It is demonstrated that application of both PBG and DGS eliminates the second and third harmonics and improves the return loss level. Moreover, the combination use of PBG and DGS decreases the occupied area by 70% compared to the conventional PBG patch antenna.     

甚宽带PBG滤波器结构

研究了光子带隙结构作为微带电路衬底的情况,分析其阻带特性的形成以及对电路性能的影响.提出了利用级联与混合并联结构设计具有很宽频带的滤波器形式.实验测量了其传输特性,验证了频率阻带的存在和作为宽带滤波器结构的可行性.     

周期性缺陷接地结构的BP神经网络模型

缺陷接地结构 (DGS)是由光子带隙结构 (PBG)发展而来的 ,它是在微波电路的接地金属平面上人为地蚀刻出“缺陷”,改变接地电流的分布 ,从而改变传输线的频率特性。周期性缺陷接地结构 (PDGS)是一种在微波电路的接地金属平面上人为地蚀刻出周期性的“缺陷”结构 ,能够使某些频段的电磁波无法从中通过 ,存在明显的阻带特性。文中采用人工神经网络对周期性缺陷接地结构进行建模 ,将其结构尺寸和频率作为输入样本 ,传输系数参数作为输出样本 ,采用贝叶斯正则化算法对神经网络进行训练。神经网络训练完成后 ,在学习范围内将其结构尺寸和频率输入到神经网络模型 ,从输出端立即得到准确的传输系数。     

Electric Probe Measurements on Microstrip

The aim of the experimental investigation reported here is to measure the electric field of microstrip using a field probe. To establish the accuracy of these measurements, the probe is first calibrated against a known field which is obtained by analyzing a wire suspended axially in a rectangular metal tube. Measurements on a simple wire over ground plane circuit indicate that unshielded structures are basically unsuitable for accurate probe calibration. Finally, the theoretical results predicted by a numerical analysis program for microstrip, published recently, are verified by comparing these with the actual field distribution determined experimentally.     

PBG结构特性的研究及其在天线中的应用

本文比较了PBG(photonic band-gap)结构的三种测量方法,包括共面微带线法,振子法和悬置微带线法.然后以PVPBG(patch and via PBG)结构为例研究了PBG结构在振子天线、微带天线和E形天线中的应用.仿真和实验结果表明PBG结构可以起到改善天线输入阻抗,增强前向辐射,抑制后向辐射,提高天线前向增益的作用.在缝耦合PVPBG结构的基础上,提出了一种新的交指PVPBG结构,其尺寸为具有相同带隙频率的缝耦合PVPBG结构的3/4.     

A novel uniplanar compact photonic bandgap power plane with ultra-broadband suppression of ground bounce noise

A novel /spl pi/-bridged photonic bandgap (PBG) power/ground planes is proposed with ultra-broadband suppression of the ground bounce noise(GBN) in the high-speed printed circuit boards. The S-parameters of the proposed low-period structures show that the novel uniplanar compact photonic bandgap (UC-PBG) structures could omni-directionally suppress the GBN in RF/analog circuits and digital circuits. The high omnidirectionally suppressions of the GBN for the proposed structure are validated both experimentally and numerically in the noise bandwidth from 300MHz to 6GHz, almost the whole noise band.     

PBG结构在有源微带天线中的应用

本文从正方形网格型PBG结构出发提出了新型的具有PBG结构的微带天线,讨论了在金属地板上蚀刻圆形孔的PBG结构微带天线,对其进行仿真,并对仿真结果进行分析,分析表明具有PBG结构的微带天线能够有效地抑制高次模,提高天线的性能.     

新型光子带隙宽带双极化微带天线设计

设计了一种基于光子带隙（PBG）高阻表面的宽带双极化微带天线。将PBG高阻表面地板应用到设计的缝隙耦合微带天线上,实现了C波段阻抗带宽为22%（VSWR<2）的宽带双极化天线单元。仿真结果表明,与加金属地板的情况相比较,设计得到的PBG高阻表面在减缩剖面的同时,改善了天线的阻抗带宽、增益、端口隔离度和交叉极化,其中端口隔离度最大可以提高约8dB、轴向交叉极化可以提高约4dB。     

光子带隙结构在微带带通滤波器中的应用

介绍了两种带有一维光子带隙(Photonic Bandgap，简称PBG)结构的馓带带通滤波器。它们具有良好的慢波滞阻特性，同时在结构上又无须腐蚀接地板．而仅仅修改微带线的形状。计算仿真与测量结果基本相符合。     

A uniplanar compact photonic-bandgap (UC-PBG) structure and itsapplications for microwave circuit

This paper presents a novel photonic bandgap (PBG) structure for microwave integrated circuits. This new PBG structure is a two-dimensional square lattice with each element consisting of a metal pad and four connecting branches. Experimental results of a microstrip on a substrate with the PEG ground plane displays a broad stopband, as predicted by finite-difference time-domain simulations. Due to the slow-wave effect generated by this unique structure, the period of the PBG lattice is only 0.1λ₀ at the cutoff frequency, resulting in the most compact PEG lattice ever achieved. In the passband, the measured slow-wave factor (β/k₀) is 1.2-2.4 times higher and insertion loss is at the same level compared to a conventional 50-Ω line. This uniplanar compact PBG (UC-PBG) structure can be built using standard planar fabrication techniques without any modification. Several application examples have also been demonstrated, including a nonleaky conductor-backed coplanar waveguide and a compact spurious-free bandpass filter. This UC-PBG structure should find wide applications for high-performance and compact circuit components in microwave and millimeter-wave integrated circuits     

Dual-frequency electric-magnetic-electric microstrip leaky-mode antenna of a single fan beam

This paper presents a dual-frequency electric-magnetic-electric (EME) microstrip exhibiting two leaky-wave regions of similar radiation characteristics like the microstrip EH/sub 1/ mode. The EME microstrip incorporates a photonic bandgap (PBG) structure, which is a two-dimensional array consisting of unit cell made of coupled coils connected by a via. The PBG structure employed in the EME prototype conducts at dc and shows the first stopband between 8.8-12.4 GHz, thus rendering the so-called magnetic surface. The EME microstrip is essentially made by substituting the PBG cells for the metal strip of a conventional microstrip. The finite-element method (FEM) analyses of the PBG structure show that the first and second modes are TM-like and TEM-like, respectively. The latter is leaky between 12.4-12.9 GHz and is found to be responsible for the second leaky region of the EME microstrip. The dispersion characteristics of the EME microstrip are obtained by two theoretical methods, namely, the matrix-pencil method and the FEM. Both show excellent agreement in the two leaky regions. Furthermore, the measured far-field radiation patterns of the two leaky regions also validate the dispersion curves. The first leaky region is of EH/sub 1/ type and between 5.05-5.45 GHz. The second leaky region radiates a frequency-scanning fan beam between 11.95-13.0 GHz, similar to those of the EH/sub 1/ mode. Detailed modal current analyses show even and odd symmetry along longitudinal and transverse plane of EME microstrip, respectively, further confirming the two leaky regions behave like the well-known EH/sub 1/ leaky mode. The proposed EME microstrip enriches the modal characteristics of the conventional, uniform microstrip and is thus a manifestation of application of PBG structure for new guiding device.     

具有分形特征的PBG微带线

提出了具有分形特征的光子带隙结构微带传输线,用类似于塞尔宾斯基垫结构代替一般的方孔,在微带传输线的接地板上开孔.对不同生长维数的塞尔宾斯基垫结构进行了实验研究,结果得到了与谐振无关的双频率带隙.     

平面带隙结构在微波和毫米波集成电路中的应用

介绍了平面带隙结构在微波集成电路应用方面的最新进展。光子带隙(PBG)结构是具有带阻特性的周期结构,最初应用于光学领域,后来扩展到其他领域。目前从可见光到红外都有研究,在微波和毫米波频段也有应用。PBG结构可以采用金属、介质、铁磁或铁电物质植入衬底材料,或者直接由各种材料周期性排列而成。目前国内外所提出的光子带隙结构多种多样,一维和二维的平面带隙结构由于易于实现且便于集成,因而在微波毫米波集成电路中得到了广泛的应用。     

Bragg Reflectors and Resonators in Microstrip Technology Based on Electromagnetic Crystal Structures

Recently, new promising two-dimensional (2-D) Photonic Bandgap Structures (PBG), or more properly Electromagnetic Crystal Structures, for microstrip lines have been proposed. In this paper, we analyze these structures in a manner like a Bragg reflector in optical wavelengths. Joining two of such Bragg like reflectors by means of a conventional microstrip transmission line allows one to design Bragg Resonators. The 2-D periodic pattern of the electromagnetic crystal structure is implemented with circles etched in the ground plane of the microstrip line by means of a numerical milling machine. Simulations have been performed by using HP ^TM Momentum and MDS software, and in accordance with the measurements give, for the Electromagnetic Crystal Structures, new promising potential applications both in microwave and millimeter wave integrated circuits, and also in the experimentation of expensive short wavelength (including photonic) devices by using simpler and cheaper microwave down scaling.     

用Cauer网络综合技术提取PBG等效电路模型

本文从全波场分析结果出发,提取了PBG单元结构的集总等效有耗电路模型。对每个PBG单元采用时域有限差分（FDTD）方法进行全波分析,然后用Cauer部分分式展开形式和网络综合技术,由全波分析结果提取等效有损电路模型参数,并将提取获得的PBG单元等儿电路模型嵌入HP－ADS软件对整个PBG结构进行SPICE分析,得到的散射参量和全波分析结果比较基本一致,证明了该模型的准确性。这种模型可以嵌入电路分析和设计软件中,用来对应用了PBG结构的无源和有源电路进行优化与设计。     

多层结构的光子带隙特性

文中提出了一种具有光子带隙特性的多层结构,由方形金属构成的周期阵列位于介质衬底的正中.此结构与传统的微带电路完全兼容,制作时无需在介质衬底中打孔,同时保持了接地地板的完整性.文中比较了阵列平面处于不同位置时的带隙特性,然后通过改变阵列形式来改善带隙特性.文章的最后说明了该结构的一种应用方式.     

Limitations on the extraction of loss tangent from submicrontransmission line test structures

When two-port S-parameters are used to characterize microstrip transmission line test structures, finite phase measurement precision, small reference plane offsets, and signals below the measurement threshold can significantly limit the ability to extract loss tangent from transmission lines with finite series resistance. By considering these errors, it is possible to select test structure geometries that minimize the impact of these errors