Power-Law Distributions of Component Size in General Software Systems

This paper begins by modeling general software systems using concepts from statistical mechanics which provide a framework for linking microscopic and macroscopic features of any complex system. This analysis provides a way of linking two features of particular interest in software systems: first the microscopic distribution of defects within components and second the macroscopic distribution of component sizes in a typical system. The former has been studied extensively, but the latter much less so. This paper shows that subject to an external constraint that the total number of defects is fixed in an equilibrium system, commonly used defect models for individual components directly imply that the distribution of component sizes in such a system will obey a power-law Pareto distribution. The paper continues by analyzing a large number of mature systems of different total sizes, different implementation languages, and very different application areas, and demonstrates that the component sizes do indeed appear to obey the predicted power-law distribution. Some possible implications of this are explored.     

Multipolar Graviton in the Hydrogen Atoms

We derive multipolar gravitational radiation in the framework of quantum field theory in which the atomic states are treated nonrelativistically, and the gravitational waves are quantized. By relaxing the constraint e^ik·x ≈ 1, the multipolar transition rate is calculated when one graviton is emitted. As a consistency check, we recover the semiclassical result in the dipole approximation regime. Besides, we show that the dynamical mechanism that gives rise to spontaneous graviton emission by an atom, has a profound consequence on the lifetime of the atomic electron.     

因特网拓扑结构的幂律分析与建模研究

本文通过对因特网测量拓扑的幂律分布特征,包括frequency-degree幂律分布、degree-rank幂律分布与CCDF(d)-degree幂律分布的研究,发现因特网测量拓扑具有非常明显的frequency-degree幂律分布与degree-rank幂律分布规律。其中,frequency-degree幂律分布符合幂律指数为2.1406的分布规律,而degree-rank幂律分布则分为两部分,主体节点服从幂律指数为0.84639的分布,而度值最大的部分节点却符合幂律指数为0.29981的分布规律。在CCDF(d)-de-gree幂律分布研究中发现,Weibull分布要比幂律分布拟合效果更好。也就是说,对于本文Internet拓扑来说,其节点度的CCDF不一定符合幂律分布。根据frequency-degree幂律幂指数2.1406,本文在BA模型的基础上提出了改进的BA模型,确定网络增长连边概率方程中的ε为0.10812。     

幂律流体偏心环空PIV实验与数值模拟研究

本文运用了PIV实验与PHOENICS数值模拟相结合的方法,测量了不同聚合物浓度时的速度分布,并对实验结果以及模拟结果进行了对比总结,得到了幂律流体在环空管道中的流动规律,既偏心度对环空轴向速度的影响以及在环空宽窄间隙处,紊流核心区轴向速度分布,实验结果以及模拟结果基本吻合.     

General Decay Synchronization and H ∞ Synchronization of Multi-weighted Coupled Reaction-diffusion Neural Networks

This paper investigates the general decay synchronization and general decay H∞ synchronization problems of multi-weighted coupled reaction-diffusion     

Late-Time Power-Law Stages of Cosmological Evolution in Teleparallel Gravity with Nonminimal Coupling

We investigate the Universe evolution at late-time stages in models of teleparallel gravity with power-lawnonminimal coupling and a decreasing power-lawpotential of the scalar field φ. New asymptotic solutions are found analytically for these models in vacuum and with a perfect fluid. Applying numerical integration, we show that the cosmological evolution leads to these solutions for some region of the initial conditions, and these asymptotic regimes are stable with respect to homogeneous variations of the initial data. The physical sense of the results is discussed.     

关于Razumikhin-Type定理的衰变估计

关于Ｒａｚｕｍｉｋｈｉｎ┐Ｔｙｐｅ定理的衰变估计侯春海钱积新（浙江大学工业控制技术研究所、工业控制技术国家重点实验室３１００２７杭州）关键词Ｒａｚｕｍｉｋｈｉｎ－Ｔｙｐｅ定理,衰变估计．收稿日期１９９６－０９－２７１引言在研究系统的稳定性过程中,专家...     

一种避免Random Waypoint移动模型速度衰减的方法

在被广泛使用自的Random Waypoint移动模型中，随着模拟的进行节点平均速度呈下降趋势．这样自々速度衰减现象对自组网等移动系统的某些时间平均性能评价是不利的。会增加精确分析的复杂性；以结点平均速度在整个模拟过程中保持稳定为前提而得到的试验结论也是不可靠的．本文对速度衰减现象进行了概率分析并证明了它是不可避免的，最后提出了改进的Random Waypoint移动模型iRWP，试验验证iRWP能有效避免了速度衰减的发生．     

Facility Dependent Distance Decay in Competitive Location

Networks and Spatial Economics - In this paper we propose a simple general framework for obtaining facility dependent distance decay function in competitive location models. As the distance...     

PHEMT电离辐照效应研究

对PHEMT的电离辐照效应进行了研究,通过测量辐照前后器件的I-V特性和低频噪声,发现辐照对PHEMT的性能影响并不明显.分析了PHEMT漏电流退化的机理以及其低频噪声的来源,发现异质结界面态是引起漏电流退化和产生较大低频噪声的主要原因,但辐照不会在异质结界面处引入大量的界面态,从而在微观上解释了实验结果.     

时间衰减制导的协同过滤相似性计算

协同过滤算法中,相似性计算方法是整个推荐系统的关键,决定着推荐系统的推荐质量,为了提高相似性计算的精准性,提出了一种基于时间衰减的相似性计算方法．该方法在计算用户相似性时,考虑目标物品与共同评分物品的相似性,同时在计算用户与物品相似性时,考虑时间信息（用户对物品产生行为的时间）对相似性的影响．实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地避免传统相似性计算方法的不足,使推荐系统获得更好的推荐效果．     

Time-Scale Atoms Chains for Transients Detection in Audio Signals

This paper presents a novel approach for the extraction of the transients content of audio signals, usually represented as superposition of stationary, transient, and stochastic components. The proposed model exploits the predictable and peculiar time-scale behavior of transients by modeling them as superposition of suitable wavelet atoms. These latter allow to predict transients information even at scales where the tonal component is dominant. In this way it is possible to avoid, if required, the pre-analysis of the tonal component. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed model achieves good performances with a moderate computational effort and without any user's dependence.      

一种用于平板型FAIMS的电晕放电离化源

本文制备了一种适用于平板型FAIMS的电晕放电离化源,由电晕针、钼网、铜底座和聚四氟乙烯外筒等部件组成.其中电晕针使用直径为0.5 mm的钨丝通过电解加工方法制备,加工条件为:电解电压6 V;电解液为NaOH,1 mol/L;制备时间控制在160 s.观测了离化源在针-网距离为2 mm~8 mm时的伏安特性,针-网距离越远放电起始电压越高,放电电压(kV)与电流/电压(μA/kV)呈线性关系.测量了1 μA~40 μA放电电流下,FAIMS检测的甲基膦酸二甲酯DMMP(Dimethyl meth-ylphosphonate)样品的输出响应图谱,反应离子峰与DMMP离子峰都随放电电流增加而增大.     

Decay of correlation implies strongly mixing property

ABSTRACT

This paper proves that a continuous transformation of a probability measure space is mixing in the sense of statistics if and only if it exhibits strongly mixing property, which implies topological mixing property and Li-Yorke sensitivity. Moreover, some analogical results for continuous semi-flows are obtained, improving the main results in Xu, Lin, and Ruan [2004. “Decay of Correlations Implies Chaos in the Sense of Devaney.” Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 22: 305–310] and Li [2015. “A Note on Decay of Correlation Implies Chaos in the Sense of Devaney.” Applied Mathematical Modelling 39: 6705–6710].     

衰减湮灭的状态方程及状态控制

根据衡敛状态方程,系统输入或边界条件的变化能够影响系统状态,对于系统状态出现的衰减湮灭,推导了系统衰减湮灭的状态方程、衰灭平衡方程。得出,当系统状态发生衰减湮灭,系统状态值、系统输入值、边界条件之间相互作用,改变系统的输入或边界条件能够恢复系统。应用系统衰灭状态方程及衰灭平衡方程,对系统状态变化进行分析,是研究系统状态演变,系统控制,状态时滞、预防系统性衰减的方法。     

Decay of super-heavy particles: user guide of the SHdecay program

I give here a detailed user guide for the C++ program SHdecay, which has been developed for computing the final spectra of stable particles (protons, photons, LSPs, electrons, neutrinos of the three species and their antiparticles) arising from the decay of a super-heavy X particle. It allows to compute in great detail the complete decay cascade for any given decay mode into particles of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). In particular, it takes into account all interactions of the MSSM during the perturbative cascade (including not only QCD, but also the electroweak and 3rd generation Yukawa interactions), and includes a detailed treatment of the SUSY decay cascade (for a given set of parameters) and of the non-perturbative hadronization process. All these features allow us to ensure energy conservation over the whole cascade up to a numerical accuracy of a few per mille. Yet, this program also allows to restrict the computation to QCD or SUSY-QCD frameworks. I detail the input and output files, describe the role of each part of the program, and include some advice for using it best.

Program summary

Title of program: SHdecayCatalogue identifier:ADSLProgram summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADSLProgram obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University of Belfast, N. IrelandComputer and operating system: Program tested on PC running Linux KDE and Suse 8.1Programming language used: C with STL C++ library and using the standard gnu g++ compilerNo. lines in distributed program: 14 955No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 624 487Distribution format: tar gzip fileKeywords: Super-heavy particles, fragmentation functions, DGLAP equations, supersymmetry, MSSM, UHECRNature of physical problem: Obtaining the energy spectra of the final stable decay products (protons, photons, electrons, the three species of neutrinos and the LSPs) of a decaying super-heavy X particle, within the framework of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). It can be done numerically by solving the full set of DGLAP equations in the MSSM for the perturbative evolution of the fragmentation functions Dp2p1(x,Q) of any particle p1 into any other p2 (x is the energy fraction carried by the particle p2 and Q its virtuality), and by treating properly the different decay cascades of all unstable particles and the final hadronization of quarks and gluons. In order to obtain proper results at very low values of x (up to x∼10−13), NLO color coherence effects have been included by using the Modified Leading Log Approximation (MLLA).Method of solution: the DGLAP equations are solved by a four order Runge-Kutta method with a fixed step.Typical running time: Around 35 hours for the first run, but the most time consuming sub-programs can be run only once for most applications.     

离子感烟火灾探测器温度自补偿的设计

分析了离子火灾探测器工作的基本原理,提出了电压随温度漂移法对探测器实行温度自补偿的原理和方法,给出了实际使用过程中补偿的电路原理框图,并对使用自补偿前后的结果进行分析,指出其对节约CPU的计算时间有十分重要的意义。     

Atoms to astronomy: Computer graphics at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Within the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, state of the art computer graphics animation is done in the Computer Graphics Laboratory. The topics of the animations cover many scientific disciplines. Specific features of the system developed there, both hardware and software, are discussed. The prime mover of the effort is Dr. James F. Blinn of Pasadena; his role and experiences are elaborated. Their current largest project is The Mechanical Universe; the system is used for its production.     

Decay to spatially homogeneous states for the numerical solution of reaction-diffusion systems

The aim of this paper is to discuss the behaviour of the numerical solution of systems of nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions. We show that, under certain conditions, the solution obtained using known finite difference methods reproduces the behaviour of the exact solution. In particular we prove that the numerical solution decays as time increases to a spatially homogeneous vector, which is a suitably «weighted» mean value of the numerical solution itself.