适用于子午线轮胎冠带层的尼龙4，6纤维

１．引言荷兰DSM公司以１，４－二氨基丁烷和己二酸为原料，通过缩聚反应生产出以Stanyl为注册商标的尼龙４，６纤维。在所有已实现工业化生产的脂肪族尼龙纤维中，尼龙４，６纤维因其熔点高和结晶度高而著称。这些固有的性能源自其化学组成，与尼龙６，６相比，尼龙４，６的化学结构的特征是酰胺基团的键合密度较高。此外，因为尼龙４，６分子链中二氨基与二酸基单元中两个酰胺基团间的距离相同，因而分子链的规整度也较高。与其它尼龙相比，较高的分子链规整度是尼龙４，６结晶速率、熔点（２８３℃）和结晶度都较高的基础。就长丝性能…     

高性能碳纤维/玻璃纤维复合增强尼龙-6粒料通过技术鉴定

２００１年１０日２８日，山东省科技厅在济南组织召开了“高性能碳纤锥／玻璃纤维复合增强尼龙－６粒料”技术鉴定会，全国石油行业及材料行业专家对山东大学山东省碳纤维工程技术研究中心研制开发的尼龙－６粒料进行了认真评定，专家一致通过如下坚定意见： １提供技术资料齐全，测试数据可靠，符合技术鉴定要求。 ２碳纤维与玻璃纤维混杂增强尼龙－６基体，实现了性能互补，比传统的玻纤尼龙－６粒料具有更高的耐磨、耐腐蚀和力学性能，并且耐温性能良好，性能／价格比高。用户以该种粒料所加工的油田扶正器平均使用寿命比尼龙－６制件提…     

尼龙6/尼龙共聚物共混体系的热行为研究

探讨了两种尼龙共聚物对尼龙６共混改性物的热行为的影响，表明：含酰胺和酯两种基团的共聚尼龙，因其含酯基而减弱了尼龙６分子链间相互作用的结果，促进了尼龙６的结晶作用，致使冰骤冷试样观察不到冷结晶峰，仅含酰胺基团的共聚尼龙，基本上没改变尼龙６分子间的氢键相互作用，但共聚尼龙的非结晶性和无序的链结构，导致它对尼龙６结晶过程的干扰，表现为熔体结晶峰温降低和冷结晶峰温提高及峰强度（峰高）增大。     

双螺杆反应挤出尼龙-6

双螺杆反应挤出工艺是高分子材料加工的一种新技术，是目前国际上竞相投资的热点。本文将重点介绍作者采用反应挤出新工艺对己内酰胺单体进行双螺杆反应合成高聚物尼龙－６及尼龙－６制品，实现双螺杆挤出机自单体－高聚物－物品的一体化合成工艺过程，突出双螺杆挤出尼龙－６及改性制品固有的特色。     

尼龙66帘子布取代尼龙6帘子布在载重轮胎中的应用

作为轮胎骨架材料尼龙６６与尼龙６分子结构存在差异，尼龙６６的分子结构呈立体对称结构，分子之间形成氢键和取得结晶的能力较强，所以尼龙６６帘线的熔点、软化点、零强度时的温度等方面都比尼龙６高。而随着交通运输业的日益发展，要求轮胎承载能力大，运行时间长。故对轮胎的高速、耐久性能提出了更高的要求。为此，我们选用了河南神马集团生产的１７９０dtex／２尼龙６６浸胶帘子布进行了试验。现将研制情况介绍如下：１．试验（１）主要原材料尼龙６６帘子布，河南神马集团产品；尼龙６帘子布，国内某知名品牌。（２）性能测试原材料…     

阻燃增强尼龙6的研制

以芳香族溴化物、硼酸盐、含氮杂环化物组成复合阻燃体系，以玻璃纤维为增强剂，经高速混俣和双螺杆挤出造粒研制成阻燃增强尼龙６，其阻燃性能达到ＦＶ－０级，缺口冲击强度 ２０ｋＪ／ｍ＾３，拉伸强度１３８ＭＰａ，弯曲强度２４２ＭＰａ，还研究了阻增强尼龙６的流变性能，考察了复合阻燃体系配比、玻璃２纤维含量、尼龙６相对粘度、工艺条件对阻燃增强尼龙６性能的影响。     

尼龙—6自润滑复合材料研究

本文采用烧结成型方法，在较好烧结工艺条件下研究了尼龙－６自润滑复合材料的物理，机械性能与组成间的关系；并得到了最好的自润滑复合材料的组成为：７２％尼龙－６加２％Ｋｋｏｎｏｌ加５％玻纤加３％石墨。     

改性尼龙66聚丙烯合金材料研制成功

由辽阳石油化纤公司研究院研制开发的“改性尼龙66聚丙烯合金材料”近日通过专家鉴定。该技术采用双螺杆PA66／PP共混工艺路线，并运用接技改性技术处理，使之合金化。此合金材料在保持尼龙66基料优良性能基础上，提高其抗冲强度，降低了吸水性及其成本。技术指标已达到国外东丽公司和Dexter公司同类产品水平，居国内领先地位。该材料可以替代进口，广泛应用于汽车、机械、电子、仪表、化工等领域，具有显著的社会效益和较高的经济效益。改性尼龙66聚丙烯合金材料研制成功     

尼龙系高分子合金材料的研究进展

论述了目前尼龙系各种高分子合金技术的研究与发展现状，重点介绍了尼龙与种高分子共混制备的高分子合金及其结构、性能和应用、展望了尼龙高分子合金材料的发展前景。     

短纤维增强HDPE泡沫复合材料的研究

报道了以尼龙－６短纤维增强ＨＤＰＥ结构泡沫材料以及木粉填充ＨＤＰＥ结构泡沫材料的力学性能，探讨了粘合剂对尼龙－６短纤维和ＨＤＰＥ泡沫基材的粘合使用，并分析了不同加工助剂对木粉填充ＨＤＰＥ发泡体系加工性能和外观的影响。     

物理效应与功能无机非金属材料

本文简要介绍了部分物理效应和基于这些效应而开发的一些无机非金属材料,如智能材料,非线性光学材料、铁电材料、铁磁性材料、压电材料、压敏材料、超低声衰减材料、微波介质材料及电磁屏蔽材料等。同时也介绍了这些材料的应用领域。     

生物功能材料在止血方面的应用

介绍了国内外常用的生物功能止血材料(包括壳聚糖类生物止血材料、胶原蛋白类止血材料、明胶类止血材料、纤维素类止血材料)的功能化改性及其应用,并对这些止血材料的止血机理、适用范围等进行了介绍,最后对生物功能材料的发展趋势进行了总结和展望。     

Graphene-based polymer nanocomposites

Graphene-based materials are single- or few-layer platelets that can be produced in bulk quantities by chemical methods. Herein, we present a survey of the literature on polymer nanocomposites with graphene-based fillers including recent work using graphite nanoplatelet fillers. A variety of routes used to produce graphene-based materials are reviewed, along with methods for dispersing these materials in various polymer matrices. We also review the rheological, electrical, mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties of these composites, and how each of these composite properties is dependent upon the intrinsic properties of graphene-based materials and their state of dispersion in the matrix. An overview of potential applications for these composites and current challenges in the field are provided for perspective and to potentially guide future progress on the development of these promising materials.     

Porous manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves and octahedral layered materials

This Account first gives a historical overview of the development of octahedral molecular sieve (OMS) and octahedral layer (OL) materials based on porous mixed-valent manganese oxides. Unique properties of such systems include excellent semiconductivity and porosity. Materials that are conducting and porous are rare and can offer novel properties not normally available with most molecular sieve materials. The good semiconductivity of OMS and OL systems not only permits potential applications of the conductivity of these materials but also allows characterization of these systems where charging effects are often a problem. Porous manganese oxide natural materials are found as manganese nodules, and these materials when dredged from the ocean floors have been used as excellent adsorbents of metals such as from electroplating wastes and have been shown to be excellent catalysts. Rational for synthesis of novel OMS and OL materials is related to the superb conductivity, microporosity, and catalytic activity of these natural materials. The natural systems are often found as mixtures, are poorly crystalline, and have incredibly diverse compositions due to exposure to various aqueous environments in nature. Such exposure allows ion exchange to occur. Preparation of pure crystalline OL and OMS systems is one of the very significant goals of this work. The status of this research area is one of moderate development. Opportunities exist for preparation of a multitude of novel materials. Some applications of these materials have recently been achieved primarily in the area of catalysis and membranes, and others such as sensors and adsorptive systems are likely. Characterization studies are becoming more sophisticated as new materials and proper preparation of materials for such characterization studies are being done. The research area involved in this work is solid state chemistry. The fields of materials synthesis, characterization, and applications of materials are all important in developments of this field. Researchers in chemistry, chemical engineering, materials science, physics, and biological sciences are actively pursuing research in this area. The most significant results found in this work are related to the novel structural and physical properties of porous manganese oxide materials. Variable pore size materials have been synthesized using structure directors and with a variety of synthetic methodologies. Transformations of tunnel materials with temperature and in specific atmosphere have recently been studied with in situ synchrotron methods. Conductivities of these materials appear to be related to the structural properties of these systems with more open structures being less conductive. Catalytic properties of these OMS and OL materials have been shown to be related to the redox cycling of various oxidations states of manganese such as Mn2+, Mn3+, and Mn4+. Chemists interested in synthesis of new materials, the chemistry of solids, enhancing the rates of catalytic reactions, and finding new applications of materials would be interested in these novel materials. Fundamental properties of electron transfer are critical to this research. Concepts of nonstoichiometry, defects, oxygen vacancies, and intermediates are fundamental to many of the syntheses, characterization, and applications such as fuel cells, catalysis, adsorption, sensors, batteries, and related applications.     

光折变晶体的现状和发展

本文简要叙述了光折变材料,包括光折变效应的基本原理、材料的分类、不同材料各自的优点和缺点以及光折变材料的应用。讨论了阻碍原型器件转化为商品器件的几种因素。提出了克服这些障碍的途径和发展新的光折变材料的方向。     

Recent advances in vegetable oil-based polymers and their composites

The development of viable alternatives to petroleum-based polymeric materials is a compelling contemporary challenge attributable to environmental concerns and the effects of fluctuating oil prices. Triglycerides, the primary components of vegetable oils, are an abundant, renewable, and widely investigated alternative feedstock for polymeric materials. Efforts are made on a global scale to develop innovative technologies to transform these natural resources into novel monomers and polymers. Some of these technologies have already generated competitive industrial products with properties comparable to conventional petrochemical polymers. Fillers and fibers have also been incorporated into these bio-based polymer matrices to improve the physical and thermal-mechanical properties of the resulting composite materials. The development of multifunctional composite materials facilitates the application of these materials in new areas, e.g., sensors, structural parts, medical device, construction units, flame retardant parts. This article reviews recent advances in polymeric materials from vegetable oils in terms of preparation, characterization, and properties. Nano-composites and fiber reinforced composites based on bio-polymers matrices will also be reviewed. This chapter will conclude with an overview of current and potential future applications of these materials in packaging, automotive, construction, electrical, and medical devices.     

Cell Culture on MEMS Platforms: A Review

Microfabricated systems provide an excellent platform for the culture of cells, and are an extremely useful tool for the investigation of cellular responses to various stimuli. Advantages offered over traditional methods include cost-effectiveness, controllability, low volume, high resolution, and sensitivity. Both biocompatible and bio-incompatible materials have been developed for use in these applications. Biocompatible materials such as PMMA or PLGA can be used directly for cell culture. However, for bio-incompatible materials such as silicon or PDMS, additional steps need to be taken to render these materials more suitable for cell adhesion and maintenance. This review describes multiple surface modification strategies to improve the biocompatibility of MEMS materials. Basic concepts of cell-biomaterial interactions, such as protein adsorption and cell adhesion are covered. Finally, the applications of these MEMS materials in Tissue Engineering are presented.     

氮掺杂对碳材料性能的影响研究进展

碳材料是目前研究和应用最为广泛的一类无机非金属材料。本文从研究应用角度出发,综述了近年来国 内外对氮掺杂碳材料结构与性能的研究实验和理论成果,简述了氮原子掺杂对碳材料电导率、场发射性能、超 级电容性能、氧还原催化性能、其他催化性能、储氢性能6 个方面的影响。指出氮原子掺杂碳材料的制备和性 能研究具有重要的研究价值和应用潜力,氮原子掺杂可以大幅提高碳材料的电化学及催化性能,并赋予其某些 奇异的特性,因此通过调控氮掺杂量可以有效控制掺杂材料的形貌和导电性,得到适合不同应用的掺杂产物, 有望为基于碳材料的电子设备及催化过程效能的提高开辟新的道路,并指出氮原子掺杂碳材料将成为纳米材料 领域的新热点。     

基于纤维素及半纤维素的先进材料

综述了基于纤维素和半纤维素的先进材料,如:智能材料、功能材料、高性能材料等。并简要介绍了这些先进材料的制备方法和特点。     

医用热压膜材料理化性能研究

对4种隐形矫治热压膜材料BiolonTM、ErkodurTM、ScheuTM和DR ProformTM的理化性能进行研究,为临床选用适宜的热压膜材料以及开发新型热压膜材料提供数据支撑。物理性能主要通过力学测试和差示扫描量热法（DSC）,分别分析4种材料的应力应变曲线以及特定厚度（1.0 mm）的应力松弛性能以及热性能;化学性能主要采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和紫外分光光度计,分别对4种材料的化学成分和光学性能进行研究分析。研究发现：4种材料在厚度小于1.0 mm时,其力学性能表现为厚度越厚, 材料的拉伸强度和弹性模量越大;且在预设5 %位移量下,热压膜片的应力随时间衰减,且Scheu的应力松弛率最低;4种材料的主要成分是一种新型共聚酯聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯1,4环己烷二甲醇酯（PETG）,其DSC曲线均只有一个玻璃化转变平台,材料为无定型聚合物,且材料在可见光范围内（400~760 nm）的透光率均在80 %以上,材料透明性能优异,均可满足隐形正畸的要求。