面向对象的数据库系统设计

该文介绍了面向对象的程序设计技术及其在构造数据库系统方面的应用思想和方法，并给出了一个面向对象的数据库系统（税务征收管理系统）设计的实例。     

OOAnalysis的设计和实现

ＳＣＯＰ是一个面向对象的组合框架软件，ＯＯＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓ是ＳＣＯＰ中支持系统分析的一个工具系统，本文介绍了ＯＯＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓ的设计和实现．该工具采用并行／递归式面向对象的分析方法，采用自底向上的系统构造和对象抽象与自顶向下的系统分解和对象精化相结合的方法建立对象模型，强调多层次抽象、并行工作和递归建模．这个工具有多层次、可视化和自动化的特点.     

一种基于并行对象的可视化描述

一、前言随着并行计算机应用的深入,人们对并行程序的开发需求不断增加。相对于串行程序而言,并行程序必须考虑同步、互斥、通信等问题,使得并行程序设计难度较大,要求科技研究人员具备编写高效的并行程序的能力,影响了并行机的应用水平。将并行机制引入面向对象语言构成并行面向对象语言已成为当前面向对象技术的一个重要研究方向。利用面向对象的特点来有效实现并行任务的划分、数据的分配、并行进程间的通信和同步,可以降低并行程序设计难度。我们设计的适用于MPP机或集群系统的并行C~++语言(SPC~++),是一个面向对象的并行程序设计语言,充分体现了C~++语言面向对象的程序设计思想和特点,将对象机制和并行机制有机结合起来,大大降低并行程序设计难度。SPC~++利用了C~++语言的对象封装性、函数重载、操作符重载等功能对对象消息传递模型进行抽象,简化消息函数的使用。     

面向对象的并行消息传递库的设计与实现分析

MPI是并行程序设计中广泛使用的一个消息传递库,虽然标准MPI-2定义了C 绑定,但它并不严格符合面向对象的观点。在分析各类已有面向对象消息传递系统的基础上,用C 设计并实现了一个面向对象的、易于传递对象(包括用户自定义类型和STL容器)的、MPI一致的、类型安全的、基于MPI的并行消息传递库,并给出了相应的使用实例及性能分析。     

空中交通管制辅助系统中面向对象的用户界面设计

基于面向对象的思想,提出了一种用于空中交通管制辅助系统的用户界面设计的方法。文中首先对面向对象的概念,用户界面设计以及二者之间的关系进行阐述,提出运用面向对象的用户界面设计方法时遵循的原则,然后具体介绍空管(ATC)辅助系统中用户界面的设计思想和具体的实现方法,最后给出一个主要的界面类———窗口(windows)类的成员变量和成员函数定义以及实现。     

一种基于群机系统的对象并行模型的探讨与实践

对象并行是面向对象技术与并行技术相结合的产物。如何在面向对象语言Ｃ＋＋中实现数据并行、任务并行等并行思想,是当前亟待解决的一个问题。该文探讨了在群机系统上进行对象并行所面临的新问题,并提出了一种新的对象并行模型,给出了在３台ＲＳ６０００工作站上的初步实验结果。     

基于OODB技术的GIS空间查询和空间分析模型研究*

给出了空间数据和属性数据的数据结构,在此基础上采用面向对象数据库(OODB)技术中的对象组织和管理思想,采用数据模板和方法模板技术建立面向对象的数据访问模型,并在此基础上建立了一种面向对象的空间查询和空间分析模型。首次采用方法元库的设计思想来解决面向对象数据库中各对象方法的定义问题,方法元库中具有丰富的方法元,能够满足各对象复杂方法的构造需要。     

基于OODB技术的GIS空间查询和空间分析模型研究

给出了空间数据和属性数据的数据结构,在此基础上采用面向对象数据库（OODB）技术中的对象组织和管理思想,采用数据模板和方法模板技术建立面向对象的数据访问模型,并在此基础上建立了一种面向对象的空间查询和空间分析模型。首次采用方法元库的设计思想来解决面向对象数据库中各对象方法的定义问题,方法元库中具有丰富的方法元,能够满足各对象复杂方法的构造需要。     

一种基于群同系统的对象并行模型的探讨与实践

对象并行是面向对象技术与并技术相结合的产物,如何在面向对象语言Ｃ＋＋中实现数据行行,任务并行等并并行思想,是当前亟待解决的一个问题。该文探讨了在群机系统上进行对象并行所面临的新问题,并提出了一种新的对象并行模型,给出了在３台ＲＳ６０００工作站上的初步实验结果。     

基于知识的仿真系统的研究与实现

本文以基于作战知识的作战仿真系统之研究实现为例,全面介绍了基于知识的仿真系统的系统结构。描述了知识库、模型库、推理机制、解释机制、黑板模型等的实现方法。提出在仿真系统中实现基于黑板结构的数值仿真与智能模似的设计思想。本系统的构造技术也完全适合于其它领域的新一代仿真系统的构造。     

基于Transputer网络的实时黑板模型试验床系统CPES

本文使用“黑板转播器”概念,在Ｔｒａｎｓｕｐｔｅｒ风格上实现了一个可用于实时领域的并行黑板模型试验床系统ＣＰＥＳ,它具有并行度高、模块化性能好的结构特点。本文对ＣＰＥＳ的性能如问题求解速度、并行状态下各项开销情况进行了测试,同时还对并行黑板模型的测试方法、性能衡量指标等进行了初步探讨;测试结果反映出ＣＰＥＳ具有较好的实时黑板模型试验床的性能和功能。     

Reactive process control using a blackboard architecture

A software architecture to engineer complex process control applications must combine into the same paradigm efficient reactive and real-time functionalities and mechanisms to capture dynamic time-pressured intelligent behaviors, and must provide convenient high level tools to free the programmer from having to think at an unappropriate level of detail. We implement such characteristics into a blackboard framework that builds the basic abstract elements of reactive behavior and the blackboard computational model on top of low level real-time operating system functions. Under this approach, the engineer gets a powerful and flexible high level medium to map a complex system design that requires artificial intelligence techniques, like intelligent monitoring, and reactive planning and execution, with fully support for real-time programming. The paper also reviews other alternatives which have been explored in the past recent years for implementing complex reactive planning and execution systems.     

Transactional blackboards

Using the blackboard architecture, an expert system is built as a collection of knowledge sources which are scheduled by a controller and communicate through a shared data region, called a blackboard. The performance of such a system may be significantly enhanced by the concurrent execution of the knowledge sources. However, introduction of concurrent execution into blackboard systems requires extension of the architecture with new mechanisms for scheduling knowledge source activities, synchronizing knowledge source interactions, and accessing shared data. This paper describes our design for transaction-based facilities supporting parallel execution of knowledge sources in a blackboard system.     

A blackboard architecture for control

The control problem—which of its potential actions should an AI system perform at each point in the problem-solving process?—is fundamental to all cognitive processes. This paper proposes eight behavioral goals for intelligent control and a ‘blackboard control architecture’ to achieve them. The architecture distinguishes domain and control problems, knowledge, and solutions. It enables AI systems to operate upon their own knowledge and behavior and to adapt to unanticipated problem-solving situations. The paper shows how opm, a blackboard control system for multiple-task planning, exploits these capabilities. It also shows how the architecture would replicate the control behavior of hearsay-ii and hasp. The paper contrasts the blackboard control architecture with three alternatives and shows how it continues an evolutionary progression of control architectures. The paper concludes with a summary of the blackboard control architecture's strengths and weaknesses.     

A blackboard application for process monitoring and supervision

This paper describes the architecture of a supervisory control and data-acquisition system. It works like an operator support tool by diagnosing malfunctions of a production process and inspecting the quality of the product. The system provides the operator in a plant with relevant process data and, at the same time, has to meet tough real-time requirements. The integration of intelligent alarm processing into a large supervisory control system will be described and techniques covering on-line processing of real-time data and intelligent alarm processing will be discussed. The system is based on a blackboard architecture which integrates a sequence of problem-solving methods and exhibits an incremental and opportunistic problem-solving style.     

基于嵌入式技术的智能擦除系统

针对当前人工擦除黑板的方式,提出了一种新的智能擦除方式. 系统以黑板擦为控制对象,以交互式界面为终端,利用嵌入式技术和步进电机控制技术实现对黑板图像的采集、黑板坐标的提取、串口数据传输以及步进电机控制等功能. 实验结果表明,此系统可自动擦除黑板,具有灵活性、高集成性、便捷性等诸多优点.     

A blackboard system for the off-line programming of Robots

This paper describes the use of the blackboard architecture for the off-line programming of an IMB 7565 Robot. A blackboard system was implemented in PROLOG and it has been applied successfully for the automatic generation of a control code for the robot to perform the task of block assembly in an environment with an obstacle. The opportunistic type of problem-solving offered by the blackboard architecture has succeeded in obtaining a solution. The user-interface to the system is represented as a knowledge source in the blackboard system, which allows the user to modify the goal specifications during the operation of the blackboard system.     

Design and analysis techniques for concurrent blackboard systems

This paper gives a formal model for blackboard systems that provides a consistent method for describing a blackboard system. The formal model describes the basic components of a blackboard system and how the components interact. A set of blackboard system design tools has been developed and validated for implementing systems that are expressed using the formal model. The tools are used to test and refine a proposed blackboard system design before the design is implemented. The set of blackboard system design tools consists of a knowledge source organizer, a knowledge source input/output connectivity analyzer, a validated blackboard system simulation model, and a blackboard system code generator. The lack of design and analysis tools has hindered the full realization of the concurrency inherent in the blackboard problem-solving model. Use of a centralized control mechanism and knowledge source contention in accessing the blackboard have restricted the concurrency possible in previous systems. Using the design, simulation, and analysis tools, a fast, efficient, and powerful concurrent object-oriented blackboard system has been developed     

基于Multi-Agent的多AGV自主控制系统设计与实现

在研究多智能体技术的基础上,提出了一种基于黑板结构和产生式规则的AGV（Automated guided vehicle）自主控制系统。根据多AGV系统运行特点,进行了单车Agent建模和多车协作系统的结构设计。系统阐述了在协作背景下任务管理、交通控制等模块的特性并构建相应的全局黑板结构。现场物流输送试验表明,提出的体系结构可以有效完成预定任务。