乳化剂在含氟丙烯酸酯乳胶膜中的分布

以阴离子型脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠(AES)、阳离子型十六烷基-3-甲基氯化铵(CTAB)和反应型乳化剂烷基酰胺乙烯磺酸钠(DNS-86)作为乳化剂制备了三种甲基丙烯酸六氟丁酯和丙烯酸六氟丁酯共聚乳液(PF6MBA-co-F6BA)。通过表面能、原子力显微镜(AFM)和扫描电镜能谱分析(SEM-EDX)对乳胶膜进行表征,研究乳化剂在乳胶膜中的分布。发现阴离子和阳离子乳化剂在成膜过程中向膜-空气面迁移并发生富集,反应型乳化剂在膜中均匀分布;对含氟乳液进行透析后乳化剂的富集减少;经退火处理的乳胶膜的膜-空气面乳化剂富集现象消失。     

成膜温度对漆膜表面形态的影响

采用种子乳液法合成了核壳结构苯丙乳液，用原子力显微镜(AFM)对不同成膜温度漆膜表面形态，尤其是乳化剂在漆膜表面的分布进行了研究。发现控制乳液的成膜温度略高于Tg，可以得到粒子排列整齐的均一膜，膜的耐水性等性能更好。     

乳化剂对含氟丙烯酸酯共混膜结构和性能的影响

用阴离子、非离子和阳离子乳化剂制备了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯乳液,非离子乳化剂制备了聚甲基丙烯酸六氟丁酯乳液。将含氟乳液与不含氟乳液共混,并室温成膜。采用AFM、SEM-EDS、接触角仪比较了上述3种共混膜的结构和性能。结果表明不含氟乳液乳化剂为阴离子或非离子时,更有利于形成两面异性,具备优异的性能。     

马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(MAH-g-PP)乳液成膜条件研究

测定MAH-g-PP(马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯)乳液在N2氛下的的热重曲线,确定乳液成膜温度的大致范围。研究了乳液固含量,成膜温度和时间对乳液膜性能的影响。并用PU(聚氨酯)乳液来改善MAH-g-PP乳液的成膜性,研究了共混乳液中PU乳液与MAH-g-PP乳液质量比对乳液膜性能的影响。结果表明:MAH-g-PP乳液在固含量为10%、成膜温度为185℃、成膜时间为40 min时乳液膜的综合性能较好。在共混乳液中,当MAH-g-PP乳液与PU乳液的质量比为9∶1时,乳液的成膜性得到提高,且乳液膜的性能较好。     

等规聚丙烯蜡(iPPW)乳液成膜条件研究

测定iPPW乳液在N气氛下的热重曲线,确定乳液成膜温度的大致范围。研究了乳液固含量、成2膜温度和时间对乳液膜性能的影响。并用PU(聚氨酯)乳液来改善iPPW乳液的成膜性,研究了共混乳液中当PU与iPPW质量比分别为10∶0,9∶1,8∶2,7∶3,6∶4,5∶5,4∶6,3∶7时对液膜性能的影响。结果表明,iPPW乳液在固含量为10%成膜温度为175℃,成膜时间为40min时乳液膜的综合性能较好。在共混乳液中,当iPPW与PU的质量比为9∶1时,乳液的成膜性得到提高,且乳液膜的性能较好。     

乳化环氧改性的丙烯酸系乳液室温固化体系

将乙二醇二缩水甘油醚分散在水中制成环氧化合物乳液,并以其为交联剂,用以对丙烯酸系单体/胺基单体乳液共聚物的改性,制成了双组分室温固化乳液涂料。研究了乳化剂种类和胺基单体用量对聚合稳定性的影响,结果表明,若采用p 壬基酚聚氧化乙烯醚硫酸钠为乳化剂,且胺基单体用量低于单体总量2 5%时,可以制得稳定的带胺基的共聚物乳液。将丙烯酸系共聚物乳液和环氧乳液复合并在室温下干燥成膜,通过对聚合物膜的DSC和力学性能测试均表明,双组分体系在成膜过程中发生了交朕反应,而未加环氧化合物的单组分聚合物乳液成膜时则不发生交联。     

改性氯—偏乳液的生产

本文论述了改性氯—偏乳液的生产过程,工艺配方,乳化剂、引发剂的选择。采用接枝共聚的方法,对氯—偏乳液进行改性,可降低乳胶的最低成膜温度,增强膜的柔性。由改性氯—偏乳液生产的防腐、防锈涂料,具有良好的防腐、防锈性能。     

低温成膜苯丙乳液的制备及性能研究

采用预乳化法制备了可低温成膜的苯丙乳液,讨论了软硬单体配比、乳化剂选择、乳化剂用量以及成膜助剂用量对乳液及涂膜性能的影响,并对低温成膜机理作了简要的探讨。结果表明,当软硬单体质量比为1.1∶1.0,十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）与烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚（OP-10）质量比为2∶1,乳化剂用量为4%,成膜助剂用量为单体总量6%时,所制备的苯丙乳液及涂膜各项性能优良。     

星型环氧乳化剂合成及乳液的性能研究

采用自制星型乳化荆合成水性环氧乳液,考察了乳化剂的结构与环氧乳液稳定性及涂膜性能的关系,优化了乳化荆在制备环氧乳液过程中的主要参数。研究结果表明：聚乙二醇和环氧树脂E-20中环氧基与羟基的物质的量比为1．5：1．0、聚乙二醇的相对分子质量为4000、乳化剂用量为10％时,制备的环氧乳液稳定性高、成膜性能优良。     

水性环氧丙烯酸酯乳液涂层成膜性能

采用细乳液聚合法制备了环氧丙烯酸酯复合乳液,考察了固化温度、固化时间及磷酸酯乳化剂含量对环氧丙烯酸酯复合涂膜性能的影响,结果表明环氧丙烯酸酯复合乳胶粒子呈均匀的球形结构,且平均粒径分布在150 nm左右。当固化温度为120℃、固化时间为2 h、磷酸酯乳化剂含量为3%时,涂层的耐腐蚀性较好。研究了复合乳液的成膜过程和防腐蚀机理,通过复合乳液与金属底材形成致密的钝化膜,阻隔水分子和无机离子的浸入,提高了涂层的防腐性能。     

Coating based on the modified chlorinated polypropylene emulsion for promoting printability of biaxially oriented polypropylene film

In this paper, a polymeric coating based on the modified chlorinated polypropylene (CPP) emulsion was synthesized, methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA) and acrylic acid (AA) were grafted onto CPP backbone and phase inversion was conducted to obtain waterborne emulsion. Results showed that the concentration of initiator (BPO) had the greatest effect on graft copolymerization. The concentration of emulsifier and temperature influenced the results of phase inversion. Besides, the thermal performances of modified CPP were better than untreated one. In addition, the coating obtained in optimum condition had excellent adhesion to BOPP film, and apparently improved the printing quality of the film. The printability promotion should be attributed to the different movement trend of coating’s polar and un-polar chains during the baking step, as well as the subsequent formations of new coating/substrate and coating/ink interface layer.     

丙烯酸酯水溶胶树脂的研制

介绍了一种在酸性、碱性条件下稳定的水性丙烯酸水溶胶的制备;研究了乳化剂、引发剂、反应温度、中和剂、助溶剂等因素对水溶胶性质及其涂膜性能的影响。     

耐指纹涂层用聚合物乳液成膜物的制备与性能研究

以丙烯酸酯类为主要单体,环氧树脂和有机硅大分子乳液为改性剂,R303为主要乳化剂,通过乳液聚合方法合成了耐指纹涂料用聚合物乳液成膜物,讨论了乳化剂、环氧树脂和有机硅对乳液及涂膜性能的影响。结果表明,采用阳/非离子复合乳化体系可以制得酸性环境下使用的聚合物乳液,涂膜烘烤过程中活泼的环氧基团与其它基团的交联会大幅度提高涂膜的耐腐蚀性和硬度,有机硅参与聚和后会进一步改善涂层的耐水耐腐蚀性,当m(R303)∶m(OP-10)为3∶1,E-51质量分数为10%,乙烯基有机硅乳液质量分数为5%时,合成的乳液成膜物有较好的综合性能。     

水性隔热保温建筑涂料的研究

采用非离子型/阴离子型/两性型复合乳化剂制备了有机硅改性的丙烯酸酯乳液。考察了聚合温度、乳化剂配比、乳化剂用量及有机硅用量对乳液稳定性能的影响。以自制的改性硅丙乳液为成膜物质,在水性涂料配方的基础上加入中空玻璃微珠,制得隔热保温性能优良的水性隔热涂料,并考察了玻璃微珠用量对涂膜隔热保温性能的影响。     

保护膜用丙烯酸酯乳液压敏胶的研制

选用反应性乳化剂,采用预乳化半连续聚合方法,合成出了综合性能良好的保护膜用丙烯酸酯乳液压敏胶。探讨了单体组成、乳化剂和引发剂用量对压敏胶初黏力、180°剥离强度、180°剥离强度增幅及耐高温高湿老化性能的影响。结果表明:当2-EHA/BA为8/2～6/4,MMA/VAc为6/4～4/6,MAA为3份,乳化剂和引发剂用量分别为单体用量的0.75%和0.5%时,压敏胶综合性能良好,适用于PVC型材表面保护膜的制造。     

无溶剂防静电环氧自流平地坪涂料及涂装

讨论了无溶剂防静电环氧自流平地坪涂料的配方设计及其主要成分对涂膜防静电及理化性能的影响,并给出了无溶剂防静电环氧自流平地坪涂料的配方实例及性能,介绍了无溶剂防静电环氧自流平地坪涂装系统的施工工艺。     

有机硅氧烷改性丙烯酸酯微乳液的合成与表征

采用种子乳液聚合法,以阴离子乳化剂DF-2和非离子乳化剂OP-10作为复合乳化剂,以FeSO4、K2S2O8和甲醛合次亚硫酸氢钠(SFS)作为氧化-还原引发剂,在65℃合成了有机硅改性丙烯酸酯聚合物微乳液。实验采用单体滴加工艺,用COULTERLS粒度仪和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪分别测定了共聚乳液的粒径分布和产物的结构,研究了加料方式、配方组成及操作方式对聚合稳定性、乳液的粒径分布以及产物性能的影响。结果表明,采用单体滴加工艺能得到平均粒径为50～80nm的单峰窄分布微乳液,并有效地将有机硅氧烷引入到共聚物大分子中。     

Coagulation of polymer emulsions on metal surfaces

Emulsions of polyethylacrylate using sodium dodecylsulfate, cetylpyridinium chloride or nonylphenol ethoxylate as anionic, cationic and nonionic emulsifiers were prepared and the polymer deposition on metal panels in presence of an acid and an oxidizing agent was studied. Homogeneous films are formed within limited concentration ranges of the reactants. Diluted hydrofluoric acid and diluted hydrogen peroxide are useful components. Instead of a chemical oxidant a potential of 250 to 500 mV or more may be applied. The iron ion content of the film was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. A ratio of iron to emulsifier of 4.1 : 1 was found. The distribution of iron in film cross-cuts by scanning electron microscopy using the energy dispersive technique shows a high iron concentration near the metal interface and a sharp drop towards the film surface. In the outer third of the film the ratio iron to emulsifier is nearly 1 : 1. By adding iron salt solutions to polyethylacrylate emulsions the coagulation point was determined and a ratio iron ion to emulsifier of 1 : 1.2 was found in the coagulate. Steel panels were coated as well as phosphated steel or zinc but no film formation appeared on aluminum.     

Emulsifiers with high chemical resistance: a key to high performance waterborne coatings

A powerful way to coatings with low volatile content are waterborne systems. They are an important alternative to high solid- and powder coatings. It is essential, that waterborne coatings should not have a lower property level compared with conventional systems. A novel type of emulsifier allows the preparation of non-ionic stabilized aqueous emulsions. The main advantage of this new type of emulsifier consists in improving the chemical resistance of the resulting crosslinked films, especially against acids. There upon they show no discoloring even at high staving temperatures and a very good emulsifying behavior. The base type can be easily functionalized with a multitude of chemical functionalities like -OH, -COOH or vinyl groups. That means the emulsifier can be incorporated in the film during the crosslinking reaction. A migration to the coating surface can be avoided under these conditions. The different synthesis routes will be described in detail. A comparison of three non-ionic stabilized waterborne automotive coating systems with different crosslinking reactions (polyurethane, transetherifying and nucleophilic addition) with the corresponding ionic stabilized systems shows the extraordinary quality of the new tones of emulsifiers.     

可聚合乳化剂对St-BA共聚乳液稳定性及羧基分布的影响

以苯乙烯(St)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为主单体,以丙烯酸和丙烯酸-2-羟基丙酯为功能单体制备了St-BA共聚乳液,研究了可聚合乳化剂烯丙氧基壬基酚聚氧乙烯(10)醚单磷酸(ANPEO10-P1)对共聚乳液的聚合稳定性、化学稳定性、羧基分布及乳胶膜耐水性、剥离强度等性能的影响。结果表明:与常规乳化剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)相比,使用可聚合乳化剂ANPEO10-P1能有效地改善乳液的性能。通过电导滴定发现,乳化剂对乳液不同区域的羧基分布有较大的影响,因而影响乳胶膜的耐水性和剥离强度。