HEMA在PE膜上辐照接枝物的小角X射线散射研究

用小角Ｘ射线散射（ＳＡＸＳ）法研究了聚甲基烯酸β关羟乙酯（ＨＥＭＡ）在聚乙烯（ＰＥ）膜上辐照接枝物的形态结构。采用Ｔｓｖａｎｋｉｎ模型和Ｂｕｃｈａｎａｎ改进的ＳＡＸＳ分析方法，测定了ＨＥＭＡ／ＰＥ辐照接枝物的长周期，晶片厚度，无定形厚度及－维结晶度等参数。发现ＨＥＭＡ／ＰＥ接枝物存在着两种长周期及两组不同的形态结构参数。笔者提出了“双重夹层结构”模型，对该接枝物的形成机理作了讨论。     

PE—g—MAH在PA6／HDPE塑料合金中增溶作用的研究

本文对高密度聚乙烯（ＨＤＰＥ）与顺丁烯二酸酐（ＭＡＨ）接枝反应产物在ＨＤＰＥ／尼龙６（ＰＡ６）塑料合金体系中的增溶作用进行了探讨，初步研究的结果表明，改性聚乙烯（ＧＰＥ）对塑料合金体系有明显的界面增溶作用，扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）、红外光谱分析（ＩＲ）等分析结果证实，在塑料合金两相界面之间形成了分子联接。     

聚丙烯粉料表面的紫外光和射线辐照接枝

以马来酸酐（ＭＡＨ）、丙烯酸（ＡＡ）、丙烯酸乙酯（ＥＡ）、丙烯酰胺（ＡＡ）为单体，对预氧化和未处理的聚丙烯（ＰＰ）粉进行固相光接枝、溶液光接枝，固相γ射线接枝以及γ射线预辐照溶液接枝，用ＦＴ－ＩＲ、ＥＳＣＡ和化学滴定法对接枝聚丙烯进行了定性和定量表征。结果表明，各单位均在聚丙烯表面发生了不同程度的接枝共聚。     

MCS接枝共聚物的结构和形态

将甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）、苯乙烯（Ｓ）在氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）存在下进行悬浮接枝共聚，获得ＭＣＳ树脂。本文着重考察了ＭＣＳ树脂的化学结构及胶粒形态。结果表明，确实发生了接枝共聚。ＣＰＥ用量、ＲＳＨ含量、引发剂浓度、反应温度、溶胀时间及聚合转化率对ＭＣＳ树脂的接枝率、接枝效率均有影响。ＭＣＳ树脂是接枝共聚物、ＭＭＡ／Ｓ共聚物与ＭＭＡ均聚物的混合物，橡胶相ＣＰＥ在ＭＣＳ树脂中的分散情况为“海岛结构”，     

EVA-g-MAH对PA6/EVA共混合金原位反应增容作用的研究

用乙烯－醋酸乙烯酯共聚物（ＥＶＡ）对尼龙６（ＰＡ６）进行增韧,加入乙烯－醋酸乙烯酯共聚物与马来酸酐的接枝物（ＥＶＡ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ）进行原位反应增容,在反应型双螺杆挤出机上实现反应增容共混过程,制备出了具有超韧性的ＰＡ６／ＥＶＡ／ＥＶＡ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ三元共混合金。探讨了ＥＶＡ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ对ＰＡ６／ＥＶＡ的原位反应及增容机理,用倍高扫描电镜考察了合金材料的亚微相态。结果表明,ＥＶＡ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ的加入使合金     

悬浮法制得PP-g-HEMA结晶性能的研究

由悬浮法制得聚丙烯接枝甲基丙烯酸β羟乙酯（ＨＥＭＡ），用示差扫描量热计（ＤＳＣ）、广角Ｘ射线衍射（ＷＡＸＤ）、结晶速率仪、偏光显微镜对接枝物的结晶性能进行了定性、定量表征，比较了接枝前后聚合物结晶形态的变化。     

PET／HDPE共混物的形态结构及力学性能的研究

利用ＩＲ、ＳＥＭ、ＤＳＣ和力学测试等分析方法，研究了熔融接枝高密度聚乙烯（ＨＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡ）和界面改性剂（ＩＭ）对ＰＥＴ／ＨＤＰＥ共混物形态结构、界面偶联状况和力学性能的影响。结果在明，ＨＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡ改善了ＰＥＴ与ＨＤＰＥ的相容性，使ＨＤＰＥ较均匀地分散在ＰＥＴ基体中，但并未检测到ＰＥＴ／ＨＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡ界面有化学反应发生。界面改性剂的作用在于，一方面通过提高ＰＥＴ基体的粘度，并接近ＨＤＰＥ相的粘度而使分散相细化；另一方面通过与ＨＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡ和ＰＥＴ的偶联反应而增强了ＰＥＴ／ＨＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡ界面粘结，从而显著地提高了共混物的抗冲击性能。     

AAS/PA-6合金的相容性

用反应挤出法制备了一系列的尼龙６／苯乙烯丙烯酸丁酯丙烯腈共聚物（ＰＡ６／ＡＡＳ）合金的相容剂,采用透射电子显微镜（ＴＥＭ）观察了所得合金的微观形态,结合合金的力学性能,对所选用及所制备相容剂进行了筛选。结果表明,以ＳＥＢＳ与ＭＡＨ的接枝物作为相容剂（ＳＥＢＳ是苯乙烯,丁二烯的三嵌段共聚物）,或以ＳＥＢＳ的ＭＡＨ接枝物与ＳＭＡ（苯乙烯马来酸酐聚合物）作为复合相容剂,既可得到以粘度较高的ＡＡＳ为连续相且冲击强度很高的ＡＡＳ／ＰＡ６合金,也可以得到以ＰＡ６为连续相高冲击强度的ＰＡ６／ＡＡＳ合金。     

聚碳酸酯/聚乙烯相容性的研究

考察了聚碳酸酯与聚乙烯（ＰＣ／ＰＥ）及聚碳酸酯与马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯（ＰＣ／ＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ）共混体系的力学性能,研究了共混体系的相容性,研究表明,ＰＥ的加入有效地提高了ＰＣ的抗冲击性能,而ＰＣ／ＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ体系的力学性能及混溶性优于ＰＣ／ＰＥ体系。红外光谱表明,接枝ＰＥ与ＰＣ共混时,发生酯交换反应,冲击断口及样条截面的扫描电镜发现,ＰＣ／ＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ的相态分布均匀,两相之间存在一定的相互作     

调节剂对高密度聚乙烯——顺丁烯二酐接枝反应体系的影响

本文研究了在过氧化二异丙苯（ＤＣＰ）存在下，高密度聚乙烯（ＨＤＰＥ）与顺丁烯二酸酐（ＭＡＨ）熔融反应，红外（ＩＲ）分析证实反应产物为接枝共聚物。调节剂（ＤＭＳ）的加入，能显著地抑制交联反应，当ＤＭＳ用量达１％（ｗｔ／ｗｔＰＥ）时，热二甲苯抽取的不溶物（交联大分子）含量就降至１％以下。     

Enhancing the grafting of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) on silica nanoparticles (SiO2-g-PHEMA) by the sequential UV-induced graft polymerization with a multiple-UV irradiation

Grafting of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) on silica nanoparticles was accomplished via the sequential UV-induced graft polymerization. Under UV-irradiation, the silica was functionalized with the surface initiator, benzophenone (BP) and subsequently graft-polymerized with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). The grafting on the silica particles was confirmed by DSC analysis which revealed a shift of the glass transition temperature (T_g) of grafted PHEMA to higher temperature than T_g of ungrafted PHEMA. A significant improvement in the grafting efficiency and the grafting percentage was achieved when a sequential grafting approach was taken, employing multiple UV exposures. Using this approach, the efficient chain extension from the grafted-PHEMA was possible without producing significant amounts of ungrafted PHEMA when low HEMA concentrations were used during each UV-exposure.     

氯化聚乙烯溶胀悬浮接枝甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯

研究了氯化聚乙烯(CPE)溶胀悬浮法接枝甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯(HEMA),考察了反应温度、反应时间、膨胀剂乙酸乙酯(EA)的用量、分散介质水的用量、单体HEMA的用量、引发剂过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)的用量对接枝率和接枝效率的影响。同时,用红外光谱对接枝物进行了定性表征。研究结果表明,采用水作分散介质,乙酸乙酯作膨胀剂的溶胀悬浮接枝体系,在回流温度和一定搅拌速度下,可实现CPE接枝水溶性单体HEMA,且接枝(效)率较高,可获得最高接枝(效)率的投料比为CPE/HEMA/BPO/EA/H_2O=2/2/0.1/7/50(g/g/g/mL/mL),反应温度90℃,反应时间为3 h。     

Growth of Ag nanoparticles using plasma-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes

This study presents a novel method for preparing multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) grafted with a poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (HEMA)-silver complex (CNTs-HEMA-Ag complex) through plasma-induced grafting polymerization. The characteristics of the MWNTs after being grafted with HEMA polymer are monitored by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The chelating groups in the HEMA polymer grafted on the surface of the CNTs-HEMA are the coordination sites for chelating silver ions, and are further used as nanotemplates for the growing of Ag nanoparticles (quantum dots). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals that the particle size of Ag nanoparticles on the CNT surfaces increases with the Ag(+) chelating concentration, reaction time, and reaction temperature. Moreover, the crystalline phase of Ag nanoparticles is identified by using x-ray diffraction (XRD). In addition, high-resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is used to characterize the functional groups on the surface of the MWNTs after chemical modification through plasma treatment; it demonstrates that the growing amount of the Ag nanoparticles on the nanotubes increases with the Ag(+) chelating concentration due to the blocking effect of the Ag particles forming on the MWNTs.     

5-乙烯基-2-降冰片烯的聚合及接枝反应

利用新型Pd(Ⅱ)型"裸露"的金属催化荆催化5-乙烯基-2-降冰片烯(VNB)的乙烯加成聚合,并利用红外(IR)、核磁(<'1>H-NMR)对单体及聚合物的结构进行了表征.同时利用过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂引发聚合物与丙烯酸叔丁酯(tBA)、N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPA)、甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯(HEMA)的接枝反...     

Low density polyethylene with an isocyanate functional group

In order to introduce an isocyanate (NCO) functional group into low density polyethylene (LDPE), grafting of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) combined with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) on to LDPE was carried out in solution using a radical initiator. The spectra of infrared (i.r.) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance for HEMA combined with IPDI showed that the hydroxyl group of HEMA and the NCO group of IPDI were reacted to form urethane, and the secondary NCO group preferentially reacted over the primary NCO group. From the i.r. spectra of the grafted LDPE, it was found that NCO groups were introduced into LDPE. Thermal stability of the grafted LDPE was investigated by differential scanning calorimeter analysis, and rheological values were observed to evaluate processability.     

丙烯酸与HEMA共聚制备高吸水性树脂的耐候性研究

以过硫酸钾为引发剂,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,丙烯酸与甲基丙烯酸羟乙脂(HEMA)共聚制备高吸水性树脂,采用紫外线辐射法研究了高吸水性树脂的耐候性.结果表明,随反应温度升高、反应时间延长、丙烯酸中和度增大、HEMA用量以及交联剂用量增大、反应单体浓度升高,丙烯酸与HEMA共聚物高吸水性树脂的耐候性明显增强.由于HEMA中存在的杂质双甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯起到交联剂的作用,HEMA用量增大可以明显提高高吸水性树脂的耐候性.     

Preparation and characterization of durable antistatic polyurethane elastomer by preirradiation grafting on its film

Polyurethane (PU) film gave birth to free radical by ⁶⁰Co-γirradiation under nitrogen atmosphere, and then the film was dipped into water-ethanol solution of β-hydroxyl ethyl ester methacrylic acid (HEMA). After HEMA grafting with PU on the surface, PU-g-PHEMA (i.e. the grafted copolymer of HEMA onto PU) film was dipped into antistatic agent (TN). The PU-g-PHEMA-g-TN (i.e. the grafted copolymer of TN onto PU-g-PHEMA) film that has durable antistatic property on its surface was synthesized by PU-g-PHEMA film grafted with TN under catalysis of MgCl₂. The grafted copolymers were characterized by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), etc. The electrical property, thermal property, and mechanical behavior of PU after antistatic modification were tested. The results showed that after antistatic modification the surface electric resistivity of PU elastomer reached nearly 10⁸ Ω class, with little change in a washing-fastness experiment, while its mechanical ability and thermal characteristic were slightly decreased. The result of WAXD indicated that the regular construction degree of the grafted PU declined, the grafting chains distributed randomly on the surface of PU.     

氯化聚丙烯接枝改性胶粘剂的合成及粘接性能研究

以甲苯为溶剂,过氧化二苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,采用甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)通过自由基聚合接枝对氯化聚丙烯(CPP)进行了改性。研究了反应温度、反应时间、引发剂用量、单体用量对氯化聚丙烯改性胶粘剂粘接性能的影响,并对接枝产物进行了FTIR表征,确定出较理想的工艺条件为反应温度θ=110℃,反应时间t=4h,m(CPP):m(HEMA):m(BPO)=1:1:0.1。     

Polymer brushes on carbon nanotubes by thiol-lactam initiated radical polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate

Water-soluble polymer brushes with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) as backbones were synthesized by grafting 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) from surface functionalized MWNTs via in situ surface thiol-lactam initiated radical polymerization. MWNTs were functionalized with 2-mercaptoethanol and used as initiators in the polymerization of HEMA in the presence of butyrolactam. FT-IR, XPS, 1H NMR, GPC and TGA were used to determine chemical structure and the grafted polymer quantities of the resulting product. The covalent bonding of PHEMA to the MWNTs dramatically improved the water dispersibility of MWNTs. The average thicknesses of the polymer brushes in the functionalized MWNTs were detected with electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) and images indicated that the nanotubes were coated with polymer layer.     

Preparation of novel polymer-metal oxide nanocomposites with nanophase separated hierarchical structure

This article deals with preparation of nanocomposite which comprised of nanophase separated structure of polymer chains and metal oxide. By grafting poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate), poly(HEMA) on the surface of titanium which is covered by passive titanium oxide by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and executing anodic polarization, hierarchy nanophase separated structure with controlled thickness can be obtained. The titanium ions would be cationically charged and completely filled up the unoccupied binding sites of the polymer chains via electrochemical reaction, eventually covering the polymer chains with titanium oxide. However, this structure can be obtained when the anodic polarization is executed at initial applied voltage exceeding 10 V_SCE. The control of thickness is possible by controlling the initial applied voltage. These results prove that the conventional polymer can form composite structure with metal oxide without using fillers or special polymers designed for composite.