攀西地区钛中矿盐酸常压浸出制备钛精矿探索试验研究

为了提高钛中矿中TiO_2品位,对其进行了常压盐酸浸出试验,研究了浸出温度、浸出时间、液固比、盐酸浓度以及搅拌速度对浸出过程的质量减少率、铁浸出率、二氧化钛浸出率的影响规律。试验结果表明,盐酸浓度对浸出过程Fe和TiO_2浸出率的影响最大,随着盐酸浓度的增加,TiO_2的浸出率显著提高;水解过程可有效增加浸出渣中TiO_2品位。在盐酸浸出-水解之后,浸出渣中TiO_2品位可达47.54%。     

盐酸常压直接浸出攀西地区钛铁矿制备人造金红石

以攀西地区钛铁矿为原料，采用．盐酸常压直接浸出法制备高品位人造金红石。结果表明，原矿粒度及盐酸浓度对人造金红石品位影响最大。采用液固比4：1、盐酸浓度30％、温度95℃的条件，对于球磨4h钛精矿浸出4h可得到TiO2含量94．39％的人造金红石产品，对于未磨原矿浸出10h可得TiO2含量91．78％的人造金红石产品。     

高铁铌中矿浸出除铁试验研究

以铌中矿为样品,采用盐酸常压浸出除铁.试验结果表明:在样品细度-200目75%、液固比4 ∶ 1、盐酸浓度20%、温度85℃、浸出时间4 h的条件下,铁矿物浸出率达到76.63%,铌的浸出率仅为5.81%.     

改性含钛高炉渣的盐酸加压浸出

经选择性富集的改性含钛高炉渣含TiO232%左右,是宝贵的钛资源。为此,采用盐酸加压浸出对改性含钛高炉渣提取其中的Ti进行了试验研究,并考察了盐酸浓度、反应时间、反应温度、矿酸比、物料粒度等因素对TiO2浸出率的影响。结果表明,在适宜的条件下,TiO2的浸出率可达到95%以上,所得钛液经水解获得的富钛料其TiO2含量大于95%,为改性含钛高炉渣加压浸出分离提供了技术依据。     

红土镍矿常压盐酸浸出工艺及其动力学研究

采用盐酸在常压下浸出红土镍矿, 考察了矿石粒度、酸料比、反应温度、反应时间、固液比、氯离子浓度对镍、钴、锰等金属浸出率的影响, 得到了该实验下的优化条件为:矿石粒度为0.125～0.15 mm、酸料比为3∶1、反应温度80 ℃、反应时间1 h、固液比为1∶4、不外加氯化盐。在优化条件下的浸出结果表明, 各金属的浸出率分别为Ni 86.9%、Co 67.8%, Fe 86.5%、Mn 80.1%、Mg 58.5%、Cr 72.6%。对不同反应温度下的镍、铁的浸出率-时间曲线进行拟合, 结果表明该浸出过程不符合广泛采用的收缩核模型, 而用Avrami方程拟合则很好地符合其线性关系。浸出过程中镍、铁的活化能分别为72.125 kJ/mol和88.566 kJ/mol。     

硫化铟常压硫酸浸出动力学研究

用人工合成的硫化铟模拟实际硫化铟,通过测定不同物料粒度、不同反应温度、不同硫酸浓度和不同浸出时间下铟的浸出率,进行了硫化铟常压硫酸浸出的动力学研究。结果表明：硫化铟常压硫酸浸出过程符合晶粒参数n为0.576的Avrami模型,受化学反应和扩散混合控制;由于化学反应较快,因此要提高铟的浸出效率,应设法强化扩散效应。     

低品位硫化镍矿选矿中矿加压浸出试验研究

进行了低品位硫化镍矿选矿中矿的加压浸出试验研究,重点考察了初始硫酸用量、氧气压力、浸出温度、浸出时间、搅拌速度和液固比对镍浸出率的影响;在最佳工艺条件下,浸出渣中镍含量平均为0.082%,镍浸出率平均为93.35%。     

从广西某赤泥中盐酸浸出钪实验研究

对广西某赤泥经铝钠回收(亚熔盐法)-还原焙烧-磁选回收铁后得到的含钪物料进行了物相组成和盐酸浸出钪试验研究。物相组成研究结果表明,物料中主要矿物为Ca₂SiO₄和Ca₃Al₂O₆,是主要的耗酸矿物。盐酸浸出实验研究了浸出时间、温度、盐酸浓度和矿浆浓度对钪浸出率的影响,得到最佳工艺条件为:浸出时间4 h、浸出温度80℃、盐酸浓度6 mol/L和矿浆浓度7.7%,在最佳工艺条件下进行了3组综合试验,可获得钪平均浸出率73.27%。     

钼铋混合精矿盐酸浸出分离并制备海绵铋工艺研究

针对钼铋混合精矿进一步分选流程长、成本高以及传统火法炼铋工艺冗长、能耗高、铋回收率偏低等问题,采用通氧盐酸浸出新工艺,考察了盐酸浓度、浸出时间、温度等因素对钼铋浸出的影响,在盐酸浓度3 mol/L、液固比3∶1、温度80℃、搅拌转速500 r/min优化条件下通氧气浸出6.0 h,铋浸出率达99.13%,钼不浸出富集于浸出渣中,实现了铋和钼的高效分离;浸出液经净化除杂及铁板置换后得到了纯度99%以上的海绵铋。     

常压装置富氧浸出闪锌矿

在反应釜模拟常压富氧浸出条件,研究锌精矿常压富氧浸出过程.结果表明,最佳浸出条件为精矿粒度-44μm大于92%,浸出温度373K,转速800r/min,液固比L/S=5:1(mL/g),[Zn]始=0.76mol/L,n(H2SO4)/n(Zn)=1.27,氧分压PO2]0.3MPa,浸出时间5h.在最佳浸出条件下,锌的浸出率大于95%.     

Innovative technology for processing saprolitic laterite ores by hydrochloric acid atmospheric pressure leaching

An innovative technology for processing saprolitic laterite ores from the Philippines by hydrochloric acid atmospheric leaching and spray hydrolysis is proposed. The factors that affect the hydrochloric acid atmospheric leaching of the laterite ores and spray hydrolysis of the atmospheric acid leach solution are investigated. Experimental results show that the leaching of Ni, Fe, and Mg is 98.9 wt%, 97.8 wt%, and 80.9 wt%, respectively, under optimal acid leaching conditions. The hydrolysis of Ni and Fe by the atmospheric acid leach solution approaches 100 wt% at the temperature range of 450–500 °C. Characterization results show that a serpentine mineral, nominally Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄, is the major component and goethite, FeO(OH), is the minor one in the laterite ores. Treatment by hydrochloric acid atmospheric leaching breaks the mineral lattices of the laterite ores and makes amorphous silica the primary product in the atmospheric acid leach residue. The grade of Ni in the hydrolyzate increases to 4.55%. The hydrolyzate with high Ni content can be utilized for ferro-nickel production.     

硝酸常压浸出红土镍矿特性及镍浸出动力学

采用ICP和XRD分析手段研究了某红土镍矿的元素及物相组成.采用硝酸常压浸出该红土镍矿.通过单因素条件实验和综合实验探究了硝酸浓度、固液比、搅拌转速、浸出时间、浸出温度在常压条件下对红土镍矿中Ni、Co、Fe和Mg浸出的影响,并求解了镍的浸出动力学.结果表明,该红土镍矿为硅镁型,在硝酸浓度5 mol/L、固液比(g/m...     

利用云南钛铁精矿制备还原铁粉及富钛料的实验研究

针对云南钛铁精矿的物相组成,提出了内配还原剂并辅加添加剂、粘结剂混磨制团进行固态还原,磨选分别获得还原铁粉和尾渣,尾渣酸浸制备富钛料的工艺;重点讨论还原时间、还原剂配比、还原温度、添加剂配比、磁选强度对还原铁粉指标的影响;在固定还原-磨选制度,讨论酸浓度、酸浸时间对富钛料指标的影响。通过试验,获得了最佳的工艺参数:还原剂配比10%、添加剂配比5.0%、粘结剂配比1%,还原温度1210℃,还原时间3 h;磨选工艺参数:磨矿细度为+380μm 10%、150~380μm 60%、150μm 30%,磁选强度64 kA/m;浸出工艺参数:硫酸浓度20%、液固比4:1、浸出温度为95℃、浸出时间为3 h、搅拌速度为250 r/min。在此工艺条件下,还原铁粉全铁为96.01%,富钛料中二氧化钛含量为76.94%。该工艺流程简单,钛铁得到有效利用,还原铁粉可用于湿法冶金的还原剂,富钛料为优质钛白原料,为钛铁精矿综合利用提供借鉴作用。     

Kinetics of saprolitic laterite leaching by sulphuric acid at atmospheric pressure

Mineralogical analyses of the saprolitic laterite material have been characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermal analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). Results showed that the saprolitic laterite material consists mainly of nickel-substituted lizardite showing the pebble-like morphology and traces of magnetite and phlogopite. Leaching results showed that as much as 84.8% nickel could be leached under the experimental conditions of 10% (v/v) H₂SO₄, 90 °C reaction temperature, leached within 5 min, particle size d₅₀ = 25 μm, stirring at 500 rpm and liquid to solid ratio 3:1. The kinetics of nickel and magnesium leaching from the saprolitic laterite material have been investigated in a mechanically stirred reactor and the activation energies were determined to be 53.9 kJ mol^?1 for nickel and 59.4 kJ mol^?1 for magnesium respectively, which are characteristic for a chemical reaction controlled process. The similarity of the activation energies of nickel and magnesium leaching from the saprolitic laterite material by sulphuric acid means that nickel in lizardite is loosely bound within the octahedral layer and almost all of the nickel could be leached simultaneously with magnesium but without complete decomposition of the silicate structure.     

高压辊磨破碎原生金矿的柱浸试验

本文围绕澳洲某低品位原生金矿的堆浸技术开发,开展了常规破碎与高压辊磨破碎样品的制粒柱浸试验,讨论了高压辊磨机引入低品位原生金矿堆浸项目的经济性。结果表明:相比常规破碎方法,高压辊磨机破碎效率高,在相同检查筛分(12.5 mm)条件下,-500μm细粒级部分产率高出20个百分点。在相同浸出条件下,高压辊磨破碎样品的柱浸尾渣品位低0.07 g/t,通过350万t/年堆浸项目研究案例,相比常规三段破碎方案,采用高压辊磨破碎工艺方案的t矿毛利将增加13.7 RMB/t。     

褐铁矿型红土镍矿硫酸高压浸出的研究

研究了褐铁矿型红土镍矿硫酸高压浸出过程中浸出温度和时间、硫酸用量对镍、钴、锰、铁、铝、镁、硅、铬浸出的影响。在浸出温度为250℃,浸出压力3.9 MPa,浸出时间为40 min,硫酸用量240kg/t干矿的优化条件下,镍,钴,锰的浸出率分别为96.8%,96.6%,98.7%,铁、铝、镁、硅的浸出率分别降低到2.6%,16.9%,61.8%,1.9%,铬的浸出率降低到0.7%,浸出液中的铬以Cr~(3+)的形式存在,浸出液中没有Cr~(6+)。静置分离试验表明,在此浸出条件下的浸出矿浆固液分离效率较高。扫描电镜分别对30、40、60 min浸出渣相微观形貌的分析表明,浸出30 min时针铁矿中Fe~(3+)绝大部分溶出并经过水解重新沉淀,延长浸出时间只是使铁相的等粒-圆粒状颗粒分布趋于均化。浸出渣相的主要成分为Fe_2O_3,(H_3O)Al_3(OH)_6(SO_4)_2,KAl_3(SO_4)_2(OH)_6及Si O_2。     

某氧化金矿堆浸提金试验研究

贵州某氧化金矿金以极微细粒形态包裹于石英、褐铁矿、阳起石、角闪石、绢云母等矿物中;本研究通过正交堆浸试验,得出影响金浸出效果的因素依次为:矿石粒度＞浸出时间＞NaCN用量＞石灰用量.按照最佳条件组合,获得金浸出率为90%以上的较佳指标.     

High pressure acid leaching of a refractory lateritic nickel ore

This paper describes the experimental findings of the extraction of nickel and cobalt by high pressure acid leaching (HPAL) of a refractory limonitic nickel laterite ore from the Gördes region of Manisa in Turkey. By optimizing the basic HPAL process parameters: leaching at 255 °C with 0.30 sulfuric acid to ore weight ratio with a particle size of 100% −850μ for 1 h of leaching, it was found that 87.3% of nickel and 88.8% of cobalt present in the ore could be extracted into the pregnant leach solution (PLS). However, these extraction results were found to be relatively low compared with other similar studies. In order to understand the possible reasons for this relatively lower extraction, further investigations have shown that together with a problem related to the kinetics of the dissolution reactions, a persistent acid resistant refractory mineral present in this sample also limited the leaching process. Attempts were made with different additives to solve this problem. The effects of chemical additives such as HCl, Na₂SO₄, FeSO₄, Cu⁺ and sulfur were tested and the effect of each addition on the degree of extraction of nickel and cobalt was determined.     

加压碱浸-常压酸浸提纯隐晶质石墨工艺研究

针对现有石墨提纯技术的不足,提出加压碱浸—常压酸浸工艺,考察了加压碱浸和常压酸浸各因素对提纯效果的影响。结果表明,在加压碱浸温度200℃、碱浓度250g/L、液固比3、反应时间1h、矿石粒度P90=-45μm,常压酸浸温度80℃、酸浓度2.16%条件下,提纯后石墨产品固定碳含量可达96%以上。     

石煤型低品位钒矿提钒试验研究

该矿样中含V₂O₅ 0.506%,全碳36.56%,属于低品位钒石煤矿,其发热量13.27 MJ/kg,可利用其燃烧热能进行焙烧。对焙烧温度、焙烧时间、矿物粒度、浸出时间、浸出温度、浸出酸度、助浸剂选择等进行详细试验研究,最终确定采用空白焙烧—烧渣添加助浸剂—酸浸工艺流程,V₂O₅的浸出率70.41%。