Vehicle gas producers

With ever-increasing prices for petroleum-derived liquid fuels, especially gasoline, it is appropriate to consider alternatives such as fuel gases. The use of solid fuel gas producers on individual vehicles began about 1921 and was tested and used in Western Europe up to the end of World War II. Road rallies held in France, Germany, and internationally in the 1930's, established the reliability of both producers and vehicles. In this communication the results of road rallies, war games and routine use of gas producers on vehicles is reviewed. Results from these and other tests indicate that economic feasibility is possible, at least in some locations even today. The types of producers are described as well as their performance, special problems and the importance of fuel properties. Some economic comparisons are given for pre-World War II conditions. Suggestions are made for possible future development of vehicle gas producers. In view of the long lead times required for large scale synthetic fuel plants, at least consideration of gas producers on vehicles seems imperative.     

Mayonnaise producers co-operate

Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society -     

Surface issues of profiled cementitious composites

The paper provides a topography analysis performed on samples of hardened cement paste, mortar and concrete profiled by grit blasting. Macro-topography (profile) is evaluated by three-dimensional co-ordinate measurements, and microtopography (roughness) is investigated via contact angle measurements. The topography of the generated surface depends on the properties of the matrix-aggregate-interface. The lower the bond, the rougher the surface. The micro-roughness of the aggregate surfaces increases due to grit blasting, but the adhesion properties, in terms of contact angle, do not necessarily improve. The contact angles depend on a balance between frictional force and capillary force and, therefore, are not a simple expression of the surface roughness.     

异形喷丝板可纺性研究

讨论了"┃·"异形喷丝板的设计、纺丝工艺及后加工工艺,计算出喷丝板毛细孔的当量直径、单孔流量、剪切速率、喷丝头拉伸比,验证了喷丝孔的结构参数是影响可纺性的关键因素。     

Surface issues of profiled cementitious composites

The paper provides a topography analysis performed on samples of hardened cement paste, mortar and concrete profiled by grit blasting. Macro-topography (profile) is evaluated by three-dimensional co-ordinate measurements, and microtopography (roughness) is investigated via contact angle measurements. The topography of the generated surface depends on the properties of the matrix-aggregate-interface. The lower the bond, the rougher the surface. The micro-roughness of the aggregate surfaces increases due to grit blasting, but the adhesion properties, in terms of contact angle, do not necessarily improve. The contact angles depend on a balance between frictional force and capillary force and, therefore, are not a simple expression of the surface roughness.     

异形喷丝帽微孔的全自动检测仪的技术控制

运用机器视觉技术开发了一种可连续对6块异形喷丝帽微孔进行检测的全自动检测仪。提出了一种适用喷丝帽的三点弧面对焦方法和全自动扫描算法,相应解决了镜头在换圈时的对焦问题和不同喷丝帽微孔分布的自动走位问题。该检测仪能够实现对异形喷丝帽微孔的高精度、自动化检测,同时提高了检测效率。检测精度小于1μm,检测速率为2 s/孔,可以连续监控喷丝孔的使用情况并及时查出运行故障。     

高异形度三叶形涤纶的开发

采用当量直径法对异形喷丝板的尺寸进行设计、计算。讨论了喷丝孔孔型、喷丝板特征尺寸、异形孔的排列方式、冷却条件对纤维异形度的影响。选择三叶异形喷丝孔叶片 ,长宽比为 4 1,当量直径在0 .15～ 0 .45mm ,环吹风速度 1.1m /s ,可制得异形度高达 61.5 %的三叶形涤纶短纤维     

异形截面EDDP纺丝工艺研究

采用3种异形喷丝板在两部位实验机上对EDDP切片进行POY纺丝实验,通过对干燥、纺丝、卷绕等关键工艺的控制,优化异形截面EDDP纺丝工艺。     

特亮异形涤纶长丝开发

介绍了纺丝工艺对特亮异型涤纶长丝的力学性能、截面异形度,加弹工艺对特亮异型涤纶长丝的沸水收缩率、抱合性及亮度的影响。通过试验,确定了具有亮度高、沸水收缩率低(1.5％以下)、抱合性好的特亮异型涤纶长丝的最佳生产工艺。     

TCS法生产有色异形涤纶长丝工艺探讨

探索TCS法生产 92dtex/3 6f涤纶三叶形黑色长丝 ,生产工艺条件为 :干切片与色母粒含水率分别应小于 2 0 μg/g与 40 μg/g ,螺杆温度稍低于常规纺丝温度 ,热管温度 190℃ ,生产的有色异形涤纶长丝优等品率达 90 %。     

高伸长异形涤纶FDY工艺

介绍用纺丝拉伸一步法纺制73dtex/24f高伸长三叶异形涤纶全拉伸丝的生产工艺。通过计算设计出可用的喷丝孔径,并摸索出适宜的组件组装工艺,纺丝温度,纺丝冷却成型条件、预网络条件、拉伸工艺、卷绕张力。     

三叶异形涤纶长丝的研制

利用熔体直纺的工艺路线,采用环吹风冷却,成功研制了111dtex/72f三叶异形涤纶全牵伸丝。结果表明,喷丝孔的单叶长宽比4:1,圆形排布等方式,纺丝温度结合组件压力选择在291℃,油轮上油方式,第一热辊温度在130℃的工艺效果较好。产品品质稳定,异形性能好。     

Swirling turbulent flow between rotating profiled discs

Modeling of aerodynamics in an air-centrifugal classifier, the separation zone of which consists of rotating profiled disc elements, between which a turbulent swirling flow is observed in the direction to the rotation axis, is carried out. The problem was solved numerically in the acquired orthogonal curvilinear coordinate system using the known turbulence model by Wilcox. The influence of mode parameters and the additional supply of the carrying medium on the aerodynamics in the separation zone of the centrifugal apparatus is shown. The reliability of the results is substantiated by test investigations and by a comparison with reference data.