木质素绿色有机溶剂分级研究进展

目前主要的工业碱木质素和溶剂提取木质素存在结构复杂、分子质量均一性差等问题。采用有机溶剂如乙醇、γ-戊内酯、乙酸乙酯、丁酮等对木质素进行分级,是解决这一问题的有效途径之一。本文对木质素的绿色有机溶剂分级方法研究进展进行简要介绍,就分级方法、使用的溶剂种类和分级效果及对应用的影响等问题进行分析,探讨提出了目前木质素有机溶剂分级研究中存在的问题和不足,最后对木质素有机溶剂分级未来研究方向和前景进行了总结展望,以期为木质素的绿色有机溶剂分级及高值化利用提供参考借鉴。     

有机溶剂法分离木质纤维组分进展

本文简述了利用有机溶剂法分离木质纤维类生物质中纤维素、木质素和半纤维素的原理及应用,概括了有机溶剂法的优缺点,针对几种典型有机溶剂法分离技术进行了概述,并对有机溶剂法分离木质纤维组分进行了总结和展望。     

木质素羟基化改性及其在聚氨酯合成中的应用

工业木质素主要来源于制浆和纤维素乙醇生物精炼的副产物,产量巨大;且木质素具有替代多元醇合成聚氨酯材料的应用潜力。对木质素进行羟基化改性,可以控制木质素分子质量和增加羟基含量,从而提高木质素的反应活性和在合成体系中的相容性,减少木质素在聚氨酯中的聚集,增加聚氨酯材料的微观均匀性,从而增强聚氨酯材料的机械性能;同时还可能赋予聚氨酯抗紫外、吸油、可降解等性能。本文对木质素基本理化性质进行简要介绍,重点介绍了目前国内外木质素羟基化改性方法的研究进展;最后探讨了木质素基聚氨酯合成领域的研究和应用前景。     

生物质基水凝胶功能材料的研究进展

生物质基功能材料具有可持续、可生物降解和无毒性等优点,将生物质组分用于水凝胶功能材料的制备成为材料领域研究的热点。本文对几种生物质组分（纤维素、木质素、淀粉和单宁酸）及其衍生物用于制备水凝胶功能材料的最新研究进展进行了综述,对生物质基组分及其衍生物在水凝胶功能材料中的应用进行总结与展望,以期对新型功能材料的绿色发展提供参考。     

木质素基pH敏感智能材料研究进展

随着科技发展,开发木质素基智能材料以满足日益增长的科技需求成为当下木质素基材料研究的重要分支。其中,木质素基p H敏感智能材料是近年来发展起来的新型材料,其结构、形状或性能会随体系pH值的变化而变化。这一性能在新材料领域具有潜在的应用前景。本文综述了木质素基pH敏感智能材料在生物质精炼、制药、制动器、木质素分级等领域的研究进展,提出该材料研发及应用中的现存问题,并展望其研究前景和工业应用进展。     

木质素基吸附材料的研究进展

木质素是一类含量丰富的天然芳香族聚合物,是木质生物质的三大组分之一,也是制浆造纸过程中的剩余物,其资源开发潜力巨大。因此,有效地开发木质素有助于缓解资源匮乏问题。本文首先对木质素的分类方式、组成特性及结构特征进行了总结介绍;其次对木质素的吸附性能、理化性质及其发展前景进行综述,进而概述了国内外木质素基吸附材料的最新研究进展;最后总结了当下木质素基吸附材料领域的研究现状,并在此基础上展望了其高值化利用的前景。     

草浆废液制备生物质固沙材料及其在植被恢复上的应用(系列报道之二)生物质固沙材料的结构特性

以禾草纤维制浆废液为主要原料，在合适的条件下经羟甲基化和交联等改性反应后合成新型生物质固沙材料。对生物质固沙材料在反应过程中结构特性变化的研究表明，麦草碱木质素与尿素、甲醛发生了相当程度的缩合，交联产物的大分子量组分有较大幅度提高，而半纤维素与脲醛不能发生交联反应。合成固沙材料的交联反应主要发生在木质素的愈创木基和对-羟基苯基结构上，并且愈创木基结构和对-羟基苯基结构发生交联反应的概率基本相同。生物质固沙材料的固沙强度与木质素C5位交联程度呈现良好的线性关系。     

木质素基碳材料的制备与应用研究综述

从制备、结构和应用总结了木质素材料的最新进展。现在只有少数分离的木质素被用作原料,因此文章详细综述了三种木质素基碳材料的制备方式以及应用制备方向,对其进行了总结,以了解当前木质素基碳材料的近况发展。具体而言,深入讨论了木质素不同制备方法的程序,包括活化、纺丝和模板法,以及稳定和碳化,以期全面了解木质素基碳材料的形成。其中对于目前各种碳材料的制备方法以及优缺点进行了简单的总结。最后对于未来木质素材料的发展方向和利用进行了展望。     

木质素基多孔碳材料的制备与应用的研究进展

本文总结了木质素基多孔碳材料的制备方法（活化法、模板法、水热法、微波法）和应用领域近年的研究热点,综述了木质素基多孔碳材料的最新研究进展,并结合研究中存在的技术问题,指出了未来研究中面临的挑战及预期的解决方案,并对木质素基多孔碳材料的发展方向进行了展望。     

含木质素的纤维素材料的制备研究进展

纤维素作为储量最丰富的生物质资源,具有良好的生物相容性和优异的力学性能,但其制备过程中需要从生物质中完全脱除木质素,造成了能源消耗,提纯步骤繁琐等问题。此外,木质素作为第二大生物质资源被丢弃,造成极大的资源浪费。含木质素的纤维素（LC）材料不但能够充分发挥两组分间的协同增效优势,还能显著提高生物质的资源利用率。文章综述了LC材料的制备方法,包括酸处理法、碱处理法、有机溶剂法和低共熔溶剂法,展望了LC制备技术的当下定位及发展前景,为生物质高效利用提供了理论依据。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press