3种不同产地灵芝子实体粗多糖体外抗氧化活性比较研究

采用2,2'-联氮基双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)自由基清除法、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除法、羟基自由基清除法和铁氰化钾法4种方法,分别对3种不同产地(安徽金寨、吉林通化、吉林蛟河)灵芝子实体粗多糖的体外抗氧化活性进行评价。结果表明,3种灵芝子实体粗多糖均具有抗氧化能力。安徽金寨灵芝子实体粗多糖对ABTS自由基、DPPH自由基的清除能力最强,其对应EC50值分别为1.50 mg/m L和2.09 mg/m L,同时也具有最强的总还原力;吉林通化灵芝子实体粗多糖对羟基自由基的清除能力最强,其EC50值是2.13 mg/m L;吉林蛟河灵芝子实体粗多糖的体外抗氧化活性均最低。因此,不同产地灵芝子实体粗多糖的抗氧化活性不同。     

咖啡酸体外抗氧化活性的研究

咖啡酸是一种天然的酚类化合物,属于羟基肉桂酸类,它广泛存在于水果和蔬菜中,具有良好的生物活性。本文通过多种体系对咖啡酸的抗氧化活性进行综合评价,包括总抗氧化能力、DPPH自由基清除活性、ABTS自由基清除活性、铁离子还原能力和金属离子螯合能力等。结果表明:咖啡酸具有很强的总抗氧化能力,极显著高于BHT和VC(P0.01);具有较强的DPPH自由基(IC500.023 mg/m L±0.004 mg/m L)和ABTS自由基(IC500.18 mg/m L±0.006 mg/m L)清除活性;具有较强的铁离子还原能力并极显著高于BHT(P0.01)。咖啡酸几乎不具备金属离子螯合能力。     

8种食品水提液的抗氧化和抗炎活性比较

目的:研究不同食品水提液的活性成分、抗氧化活性、抗炎活性及其相关性。方法:选择黑米、黑豆、黑芝麻、黑木耳、黑枣、黑玉米、燕麦和小米8种常见食品，测定其水提液中总黄酮与总多酚含量，并比较其活性成分差异；测定其1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除能力、羟自由基清除能力及铁离子还原能力并比较其抗氧化活性；测定脂多糖(LPS)诱导的RAW264.7小鼠巨噬细胞中NO及IL-6抑制率，并比较其抗炎活性。结果:8种食品的抗氧化与抗炎活性均与其总黄酮和总多酚含量呈正相关，且两种活性间亦呈正相关性。其中，黑枣的总黄酮和总多酚含量最高，分别为1.716,3.043 mg/g;当样品质量浓度为1 mg/mL时，DPPH自由基清除能力高达89.48%,其抗氧化活性具有显著性优势；当样品质量浓度为5 mg/mL时，其对NO的抑制率为65.92%,对IL-6的抑制率达78.62%而表现出明显的抗炎活性。黑米具有较强的DPPH自由基清除能力与铁离子还原能力，同时对NO和IL-6表现出较强的抑制活性；而作为非黑色食品的小米，其活性虽不及黑枣与黑米，但较黑玉米、黑木耳等黑色食品，在羟自由基清除与抗炎活...     

响应面法优化姜黄素的提取工艺及其抗氧化活性的研究

采用响应面法优化了姜黄素的提取工艺,并探讨了姜黄素对超氧阴离子自由基(O2-·)、羟基自由基(·OH)、DPPH自由基、ABTS+自由基的体外抗氧化活性。姜黄素的最佳提取工艺条件为乙醇浓度85%,超声时间50min,液料比20∶1(m L/g)。在此条件下,姜黄素得率为1.538%。体外抗氧化实验表明,三种姜黄素标准品具有较强的抗氧化活性且各有差异,姜黄素提取液对超氧阴离子自由基(O2-·)、羟基自由基(·OH)、DPPH自由基、ABTS+自由基也具有较强的清除能力。     

玉米须粗多糖体外抗氧化活性研究

采用1,1-二苯基苦基苯肼(DPPH)自由基、羟基自由基、超氧阴离子自由基、还原力4种模型研究玉米须粗多糖的抗氧化活性,试验结果表明玉米须粗多糖在浓度分别为0.1、1.0、2.0 mg/m L时对DPPH自由基、羟基自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的半抑制浓度IC50分别为0.141、1.429、2.891 mg/m L,具有一定的还原能力,存在着明显的量效关系,有进一步研究的价值。     

蒙自蹄盖蕨醇提物的不同萃取物的抗氧化、降血糖及抗炎活性

为探究蒙自蹄盖蕨醇提物的不同萃取物的抗氧化、降血糖及抗炎活性,采用95%乙醇回流提取蒙自蹄盖蕨制备提取物,并以有机溶剂萃取法进行纯化,得石油醚部分、乙酸乙酯部分、正丁醇部分和水相,采用Folin-Ciocalteu法分别测定其多酚含量,通过DPPH法、ABTS法、α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性和脂多糖诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞建立炎症模型评价蒙自蹄盖蕨各萃取物的体外抗氧化、降血糖和抗炎活性。结果显示,蒙自蹄盖蕨醇提物中多酚含量丰富,经萃取分段后乙酸乙酯萃取物中多酚含量最高,可达(258.6±1.7) mg/g。蒙自蹄盖蕨醇提物及其各萃取物均对DPPH、ABTS自由基表现出不同程度的清除活性,其中乙酸乙酯萃取物清除自由基的能力最强,同时该萃取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶具有较强的抑制活性,IC_(50)为(93.4±3.7)μg/m L,其作用强度与阳性对照阿卡波糖相当。石油醚萃取物显示出良好的抗炎活性,在12.5～50.0μg/m L浓度范围内均能极显著降低脂多糖诱导的RAW264.7细胞释放一氧化氮的水平(p 0.01),且对细胞的正常增殖无明显影响。     

不同色泽花生衣抗氧化活性研究

为研究不同色泽花生衣的抗氧化能力,分别测定红色、粉红色、黑色花生衣的总酚、总黄酮含量,并建立二苯代苦味酰基自由基(DPPH·)体系、羟基自由基(·OH)体系、三价铁还原力体系、亚铁离子螯合体系,测定并对比3种不同色泽花生衣的抗氧化能力。结果表明:红色花生衣的抗氧化活性最强,对羟自由基、DPPH自由基的半抑制浓度IC50分别为0.046 1、0.005 17 mg/m L;粉红色花生衣的抗氧化活性次之,对羟自由基、DPPH自由基的半抑制浓度IC50分别为0.098 4、0.006 43 mg/m L;而黑色花生衣的抗氧化活性相对稍差,对羟自由基、DPPH自由基的半抑制浓度IC50分别为0.161 7、0.006 78 mg/m L。3种不同色泽花生衣都具有较强的抗氧化活性,是效果较好的天然抗氧化剂。     

树舌胞内多糖抗氧化活性的研究

目的:探讨树舌胞内多糖(GAPS)体外抗氧化作用.方法:从清除超氧阴离子自由基、抑制羟基自由基的产生、清除DPPH自由基和还原力4个方面,研究了树舌胞内多糖的体外抗氧化效果.结果:树舌胞内多糖有较强的还原力,并在体外对超氧阴离子自由基(O-2·)、羟基自由基(·OH)、DPPH有机自由基有较强的清除作用.树舌胞内多糖浓度为1.0mg/mL时,其清除O-2·能力为36.36%;对于·OH,在浓度为2.5mg/mL时,清除率达到56.97%;对于DPPH·,在浓度为1.0mg/mL时,清除率达到45.31%;当树舌胞内多糖浓度为0.5mg/mL时的还原能力与0.03mg/mLVc,相当.结论:树舌胞内多糖具有抗氧化方面的应用开发前景.     

大鲵油体外抗氧化活性研究

采用体外抗氧化实验研究大鲵油抗氧化活性,测定大鲵油对DPPH自由基、羟基自由基、超氧自由基清除能力和还原能力、Fe~(2+)螯合能力。以V_C为阳性对照,评价大鲵油的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明:大鲵油抗氧化能力强于鲐鱼油,添加复合抗氧化剂后抗氧化能力更强,对Fe~(2+)的螯合能力表现最好,相同质量浓度条件下强于V_C;对DPPH自由基、羟基自由基清除能力和还原能力与V_C相当。大鲵油对DPPH自由基、羟基自由基和Fe~(2+)螯合能力的半抑制质量浓度(IC_(50))分别为3.523、0.493、0.559 mg/m L,添加了复合抗氧化剂的大鲵油的相应IC_(50)分别为0.572、0.099、0.062 mg/m L。     

响应面优化银耳结缔多糖提取工艺与抗氧化活性研究

利用单因素实验结合响应面Box-Benhnken实验设计对银耳结缔多糖提取工艺进行优化。对所得粗多糖初步纯化后进行结构特征和抗氧化活性研究。结果表明,银耳结缔多糖最佳工艺条件为提取温度92℃,提取时间4.2 h,液料比41∶1(m L/g),多糖提取得率为(23.41±0.92)mg/g,与预测值相对误差较小(1.07%)。抗氧化活性分析表明,银耳结缔多糖对DPPH自由基、ABTS+自由基的清除率和还原能力呈浓度-效应关系,其在三种体系中的EC50值分别是6.59、4.04和4.94 mg/m L,说明银耳结缔多糖具有较强的抗氧化能力。     

驴乳的营养成分及其保健作用的研究进展

驴乳作为营养品广泛使用已有数千年的历史,因其含有多种营养成分和生物活性,是婴幼儿、老年及体弱者补充营养物质的重要来源。该文综述驴乳的营养成分和抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化、抗过敏等保健作用,以期为驴乳产业提供新的方向和理论支持。     

The effect of in vitro gastrointestinal simulation on bioactivities of kefir

Kefir is a fermented milk beverage and known to have positive effects on gut microbial diversity and human health. In this study, digested and undigested kefir samples were compared for changes in their antihypertensive, antidiabetic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Results showed that the amount of total phenolic substances, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging (DPPH) activity, and the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) activity increased from 43.76 ± 0.005 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/L, 4.20 ± 0.55%, and 9.91 ± 3.90% in undigested kefir to 668.16 ± 3.332 mg GAE/L, 63.06 ± 0.64%, and 98.88 ± 0.42% in digested kefir, respectively. While the dipeptidyl peptidase IV-inhibitory (DPPIV-I) activity of undigested kefir increased by 19.11 ± 7.35% after digestion, the optical density of the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) decreased from 1.188 ± 0.05 to 0.278 ± 0.009, and the protein amount decreased from 101.4 mg L⁻¹ to 12.42 mg L⁻¹ in digested kefir. No antimicrobial effect was observed in undigested kefir, whereas, digested kefir samples were active, but only against Escherichia coli. These results show that the gastrointestinal digestion processes of kefir generally increase the number of bioactive molecules, and the digestion process must be taken into account to determine the biological capability of foods.     

Cladonia lichens and their major metabolites as possible natural antioxidant,antimicrobial and anticancer agents

The aim of this study is to investigate in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities of the acetone extracts of the lichens Cladonia furcata, Cladonia pyxidata and Cladonia rangiferina and their atranorin and fumarprotocetraric acid constituents. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, reducing power, and determination of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds. As a result of the study atranorin had largest free radical scavenging activity with IC₅₀ values 131.48 μg/mL. Moreover, the tested samples had effective reducing power and superoxide anion radical scavenging. Total content of phenol and flavonoid in extracts was determined as pyrocatechol equivalent, and as rutin equivalent, respectively. The strong relationships between total phenolic and flavonoid contents and the antioxidant effect of tested extracts were observed. The antimicrobial activity was estimated by determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration by the broth microdilution method. The most active was fumarprotocetraric acid with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 0.031 to 0.125 mg/mL. Anticancer activity was tested against FemX (human melanoma) and LS174 (human colon carcinoma) cell lines using MTT method. All samples were found to be strong anticancer activity toward both cell lines with IC₅₀ values ranging from 10.97 to 41.23 μg/mL.     

Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activity of 3 Umbilicaria species

Abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activity of the acetone extracts of the lichens Umbilicaria crustulosa, U. cylindrica, and U. polyphylla. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by 5 separate methods: free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, reducing power, determination of total phenolic compounds, and determination of total flavonoid content. Of the lichens tested, U. polyphylla had largest free radical scavenging activity (72.79% inhibition at a concentration of 1 mg/mL), which was similar as standard antioxidants in the same concentration. Moreover, the tested extracts had effective reducing power and superoxide anion radical scavenging. Total content of phenol and flavonoid in extracts was determined as pyrocatechol equivalent, and as rutin equivalent, respectively. The strong relationships between total phenolic and flavonoid contents and the antioxidant effect of tested extracts were observed. The antimicrobial activity was estimated by determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration by the broth microdilution method. The most active was extract of U. polyphylla with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 1.56 to 12.5 mg/mL. Anticancer activity was tested against FemX (human melanoma) and LS174 (human colon carcinoma) cell lines using MTT method. All extracts were found to be strong anticancer activity toward both cell lines with IC₅₀ values ranging from 28.45 to 97.82 μg/mL. The present study shows that tested lichen extracts demonstrated a strong antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects. That suggests that lichens may be used as possible natural antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer agents.     

Antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activities of three Parmelia species

BACKGROUND: Lichens are symbiotic organisms consisting of algae and fungi. They are used for human and animal nutrition and in the production of colours, perfumes and alcohol. Lichens have also been used in traditional medicine to treat diseases such as jaundice, pulmonary, stomach and cranial diseases. In this study the acetone extracts of three lichens, Parmelia caperata, Parmelia sulcata and Parmelia saxatilis, were tested for their antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer potential. RESULTS: Of the lichens tested, P. saxatilis had the highest free radical‐scavenging activity (55.3% inhibition). Moreover, all tested extracts showed effective reducing power and superoxide anion radical scavenging. Strong relationships between total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant effects of the tested extracts were observed. The extract of P. sulcata was most active in terms of antimicrobial ability, with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 0.78 to 12.5 mg L^?1. All extracts were found to have strong anticancer activity, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 9.55 to 22.95 µg mL^?1. CONCLUSION: The present study showed that the tested lichen extracts exhibited strong antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer effects. This suggests that lichens may be used as possible natural antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer agents. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

Biological activities of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) in a sugar–amino acid model system

The various biological activities of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) from sugar (fructose and glucose) and 20 amino acid model systems were evaluated. Colour development, in vitro antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibitory, antihypertensive, and antiproliferative activities of aqueous solutions of MRPs produced by heating at 130 °C for 2 h were measured. The fructose–amino acid mixture showed higher UV-absorbance and browning intensity than the glucose–amino acid mixture. The fructose–amino acid model MRPs showed higher DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging and ACE inhibitory activities than the glucose–amino acid model MRPs. The α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of MRPs derived from fructose– and glucose–tyrosine showed higher α-glucosidase inhibitory activity than that of other MRPs. Sugar–amino acid model MRPs inhibited the growth of HCT116 colon cancer cell in a dose-dependent manner (from 0.5 to 1.5 mg/ml). Glucose MRPs showed slightly higher antiproliferative activity than fructose MRPs. In particular, sugar–tryptophan and –tyrosine MRPs exerted higher biological activities than the other MRPs.     

Antioxidant,Antibacterial, and Antiproliferative Activities of Free and Bound Phenolics from Peel and Flesh of Fuji Apple

This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiproliferative activities of flesh free (FF), flesh bound (FB), peel free (PF), and peel bound (PB) phenolics from Fuji apple. The PB, which had highest total phenolic contents (126.15 ± 2.41 mg/100 g wet weight) and lowest total carbohydrate contents (34.68 ± 2.78 mg/100 g wet weight), showed the strongest 2,2’‐azinobis‐(3‐ethylbenthiazoline‐6‐sulphonate) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity (EC₅₀ = 0.36 ± 0.02 mg/mL), 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picryhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (EC₅₀ = 0.26 ± 0.01 mg/mL), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (Ferric reducing antioxidant power; EC₅₀ = 0.19 ± 0.02 mg/mL) compared with those of FF, FB, and PF. The PB also showed the strongest antibacterial activities on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes and it also showed the highest antiproliferative effects on Caco‐2 human colonic cancer cell (EC₅₀ = 1.44 ± 0.01 mg/mL) and Hela human cervical cell (EC₅₀ = 2.81 ± 0.01 mg/mL). Both free and bound phenolics from Fuji apple showed good antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiproliferative activities in our study, and bound phenolics had significantly higher activities compared with those of free phenolics.     

浏阳豆豉发酵中高产酶活菌株的分离鉴定及酶活性分析

从浏阳豆豉发酵过程中分离产高酶活菌株,通过形态观察结合分子生物学技术进行鉴定,并对其产蛋白酶、脂肪酶及纤维素酶的活性进行分析。结果表明,分离得到3株菌（编号为000、5132、621）均被鉴定为溜曲霉菌（Aspergillus tamarri）。3株菌的蛋白酶、脂肪酶及纤维素酶的活性测定结果表明,菌株621蛋白酶活性最强,为（207.98±3.20）U/mL;菌株5132的纤维素酶活性最强,为（3.40±1.40）U/mL;菌株000的脂肪酶活性最高,为（90.7±0.64）U/mL。     

红参浓缩液对小鼠的抗氧化、免疫调节及降血糖作用

该研究通过建立衰老小鼠模型和II型糖尿病小鼠模型,对比不同剂量的红参浓缩液对小鼠体内抗氧化、免疫及降血糖活性影响。实验发现：与模型组相比,红参浓缩液给药组显著降低丙二醛含量（MDA）、空腹血糖（FBG）和口服葡萄糖耐量（OGTT）血糖曲线下面积（AUC）并且显著提高羟自由基清除率（•OH）、总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化氢酶（GSH-Px）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活力和免疫球蛋白G（Ig G）、免疫球蛋白M（Ig M）、白细胞介素4（IL-4）和γ干扰素（IFN-γ）含量（P<0.05）,明显改善脾脏损害。以上结果表明一定浓度的红参浓缩液可以延缓衰老、提高衰老模型小鼠的免疫力,增强II型糖尿病模型小鼠的葡萄糖耐受力,具有降血糖的效果。     

Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of propolis from several regions of Korea

Biological activities of different propolis extracts in Korea were examined for the evaluation of quality comparison with that from Brazil (BZ). Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of propolis extracts from Yeosu (YS) and Cheorwon (CW), whose values were higher than BZ, were also shown to be more aboudant. The extracts of YS and CW also showed strong antioxidant activities, using the linoleic acid peroxidation and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging activity. However, the extract from BZ had less active antioxidant activity on linoleic acid peroxidation and DPPH free radical-scavenging activity of less than 70% than other extracts. The DPPH free radical-scavenging activity seems to relate with the antioxidant activity of linoleic acid peroxidation. The propolis with antioxidant activity also had DPPH free radical-scavenging activity. The extracts of YS and CW had effective antimicrobial activities on Staphilococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhimurium and Candida albicans. Strong antioxidant, radical-scavenging and antimicrobial activities of YS and CW seemed to relate with high values, total polyphenol, and flavonoid contents.