基于目标区域与增强方法的红外与可见光图像融合

为了使红外图像与可见光图像融合较好凸显目标与挖掘更多细节信息,提出了一种提取目标区域与融入更多细节信息的融合方法。首先,对红外图像进行分割获取目标区域,并对可见光图像进行增强以挖掘更多细节信息;然后对原始红外图像与增强后的可见光图像分别进行非下采样contourlet变换(NSCT),得到不同的低频系数与高频系数,依据分割得到的二值化图像,低频部分的目标区域系数选自原始红外图像目标区域低频系数,其余区域选择增强后的可见光对应区域低频系数,高频部分按照邻域方差取大法选择高频系数;最后,进行NSCT反变换,得到融合图像。实验结果表明,与其他3种融合方法对比,主客观评价表明,该算法有效提高了图像的对比度,具有较好的整体视觉效果。     

基于SCM和CST的红外与可见光图像融合算法

针对红外与可见光图像的成像特点及目前红外与可见光图像融合中融合图像信息量不足的问题,结合复剪切波变换(Complex Shearlet transform,CST)及脉冲发放皮层模型(Spiking cortical model,SCM)的优点,本文提出了一种新的红外与可见光图像融合算法。首先,利用红外图像目标与背景灰度的显著差异,通过区域生长方法从红外图像提取目标区域;然后用CST对源图像进行分解,对源图像的目标区域和背景区域系数分别采用不同的融合规则进行融合,其中背景区域的高频子带系数利用SCM进行选择;最后,经过CST逆变换重构融合图像。研究结果表明,与其它的红外与可见光图像融合算法相比,本方法在视觉效果和客观评价指标上都得到了提升。     

基于非负矩阵分解和红外特征的图像融合方法

针对传统图像融合方法鲁棒性较差的缺点,提出了一种基于非负矩阵分解和红外特征的图像融合方法,实现源图像的目标区域和背景区域分别融合.首先将源图像作为原始数据进行非负矩阵分解得到特征基图像,特征基图像包含了源图像的整体特征;利用红外图像目标与背景灰度显著差异,通过区域生长方法从红外图像提取目标区域,将红外目标区域与特征基图像背景区域相融合得到融合图像.实验结果表明,该方法不仅简单易行,而且在保留了可见光的高空间分辨率和纹理细节信息同时,突出了红外图像对热目标敏感特点,提高了图像的可判读性.     

基于显著性检测的不同视角下红外与可见光图像融合

融合红外图像的热源目标和可见光图像的清晰背景可以实现低照度条件下与场景关联的异常行为识别。现有以特征匹配为主的融合方法,受监控场景下可见光与红外成像的尺度、视角、目标特性等差异影响,配准及融合效率及准确性受限。针对该问题,本文提出了基于显著性检测的不同视角下红外与可见光图像融合方法。通过预设热敏感目标,计算可见光与红外的视场转换模型,预先配准红外与可见光视场。使用Mask R-CNN网络提取红外图像中的行人目标显著性区域,根据视场转换模型点将每个目标区域与可见光图像局部融合。最后,通过违规入侵行为辨识为目标进行实验验证。实验表明,论文提出的融合方法能够有效地将红外图像的热敏目标信息与可见光的场景进行融合,可以准确地判断是否发生违规入侵行为。     

红外和可见光图像互补融合的运动目标检测方法

可见光和红外图像具有互补特性,融合可产生更好的召回率,但现有方法融合后总会导致精度下降。这项研究提出了一种在特征级进行融合检测行人目标的方法:1提取前景目标特征的极大稳定极值区域Maximally Stable Extremal Regions(MSERs),计算红外图像MSERs稠密度和相似度特性,并根据此特性分类MSERs。2搜索匹配可见光图像中的相似MSERs区域,定位前景目标。3融合提取红外与可见光图像中的相似匹配MSERs区域,完成运动目标轮廓提取。该方法融合可见光图像信息,能有效滤除背景物,辅助定位在红外图像中检测的前景目标,并补充仅利用红外图像提取前景目标的缺失部分。已使用公共数据库对该方法进行测试,并与早期融合方法进行比较,能获得更好的召回率,同时融合后准确率不会下降。不需要对背景建模,因此比以往算法计算上更高效,更简单,单帧检测的效果也能达到实时处理要求。     

基于Dense SIFT兴趣点提取的红外与可见光融合

为解决红外与可见光图像融合时易产生伪影且目 标受背景、光照等因素干扰损失目标信息的问题,提 出一种基于Dense SIFT的改进区域融合方法。首先,分别对红外与可见光图像进行Dense SI FT处理获取 对应的初始融合决策图;然后通过对红外光图像进行兴趣点提取、去游离处理等操作得到最 终待映射区域; 最后分别对红外与可见光图像目标区域和映射后背景区域采用不同融合规则进行融合获取最 终结果。经试 验验证,本文方法能够更加准确的提出目标区域,简单快速,并在第二、三组实验结果中将 信息熵提升0.6以上,具有有效性。     

基于红外目标特征提取的图像融合方法

为有效突出红外目标,同时尽可能多地保留可见光图像中的纹理细节信息,使得最终的融合图像更符合人类视觉感知效果,本文提出一种新的基于红外目标特征提取的红外与可见光图像融合方法。首先,利用高斯滤波器将源图像分解为粗略尺度信息和边缘纹理细节信息;对红外图像的边缘纹理细节信息进行去“光晕”分解,在此基础上进一步利用OTSU多阈值分割算法将红外图像分割为目标区域、过渡区域和背景区域;最后,依据分割结果确定各分解子信息的融合权重,以有效地将红外目标信息注入到可见光图像中,同时尽可能多地保留可见光图像中重要的场景细节信息。实验结果表明,本文方法无论从主观视觉还是客观评价指标上,都要优于目前常用的有代表性的图像融合方法。      

一种基于蚁狮最大熵算法与引导滤波的图像融合算法

传统红外与可见光图像融合算法中易出现目标提取不够充分、细节丢失等问题,导致融合效果不理想,从而无法应用于目标检测、跟踪或识别等领域。因此,该文提出一种基于蚁狮优化算法(ALO)改进的最大香农(Shannon)熵分割法结合引导滤波的红外与可见光图像融合方法。首先,使用蚁狮最大熵分割法(ALO-MES)对红外图像进行目标提取,然后,对红外和可见光图像使用非下采样剪切波变换(NSST),并对获得的低频和高频分量进行引导滤波。由提取的目标图像与增强后的红外和可见光低频分量通过低频融合规则得到低频融合系数,增强后的高频分量通过双通道脉冲发放皮层模型(DCSCM)得到高频融合系数,最后经NSST逆变换得到融合图像。实验结果表明,所提算法能够得到目标明确、背景信息清晰的融合图像。     

基于NSCT的自适应多判决图像融合方法

针对传统的融合方法对于红外图像目标信息和可见光图像丰富的背景信息无法有效地保留到融合图像的问题,提出一种基于NSCT变换的自适应多判决红外与可见光图像融合方法。首先,将来自同一场景配准后的红外与可见光图像进行NSCT多尺度、多方向分解;然后,分别对高低频系数采取不同的融合规则：低频系数采用基于区域能量调节因子自适应加权的方法,对高频系数采用混合的融合方法,即对于高层,采用像素点绝对值选大的融合方法,对于低层采用基于对比度的多判决融合方法;最后,将得到的高低频融合系数进行逆NSCT变换得到融合图像。实验结果表明,经主客观评价,本文提出的融合方法优于文中其他基于多尺度分析的图像融合方法,可得到更理想的融合图像。     

基于联合低秩稀疏分解的红外与可见光图像融合

为进一步提高红外与可见光融合图像的细节信息和整体对比度,降低伪影和噪声,考虑了红外与可见光图像的相关性,提出了一种基于联合低秩稀疏分解的红外与可见光图像融合方法。首先,利用联合低秩稀疏分解方法将红外和可见光源图像分别分解成共同低秩分量、特有低秩分量和特有稀疏分量;其次,利用非下采样Shearlet变换方法对特有低秩分量进行融合;然后,采用区域能量融合策略实现特有稀疏分量融合;最后,共有低秩分量与融合后的特有低秩分量和特有稀疏分量相加得到最终融合图像。在Nato-camp、Bristol Eden Project和TNO公共测试数据集上进行的实验测试了所提算法性能。实验结果表明,与其他9种融合方法相比,所提方法能够有效地提取红外图像中的目标信息和保留可见光图像的背景信息,熵、互信息、标准差、视觉信息保真度、差异相关系数之和和 Qy 客观评价指标明显优于对比方法。      

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks