共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 68 毫秒
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射线探伤中的缺陷模型及其检出灵敏度 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
本文系统地叙述各种缺陷模型检出灵敏度的数学表达式,并指出与自然缺陷特别是裂纹类缺陷的定量关系。这些数式歌词 为选定和评价射线透照技术的理论依据。 相似文献
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X射线实时成像在焊缝探伤中的应用 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
X射线实时成像是一项新兴的无损检测技术,它具有快速、准确、直观、成本低廉等优点,可以代替常规的X射线胶片照相探伤方法.概述了X射线实时成像技术的要点和在焊缝探伤中的应用情况. 相似文献
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X射线实时成像系统的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
X射线照相法操作简单、结果显示直观,是企业常用的无损检测方法之一。但该方法检测成本高,检测图像不能动态可调,因此目前国外已普遍采用X射线实时成像系统和工业CT成像系统。X射线照相法是作者单位使用最广泛的无损探伤方法,仅胶片一项,每年就需要十几万元,而X射线实时成 相似文献
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X射线实时成像技术在焊缝探伤中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
X射线实时成像是一项新兴的无损检测技术,它具有快速、准确、直观、成本低廉等优点,可以代替常规的X射线胶片照相探伤方法。本文概述了X射线实时成像技术的要点和焊缝探伤中的应用情况。 相似文献
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A fast and adaptive method for automatic weld defect detection in various real-time X-ray imaging systems 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A fast and effective method is proposed to detect weld defect adaptively in various types of real-time X-ray images obtained in different conditions.After weld extraction and noise reduction,a proper t... 相似文献
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基于X射线数字化图像处理的双面焊焊缝缺陷检测 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
对双面焊焊缝的缺陷自动检测,提出了对焊缝重叠区边缘区与非边缘区分别进行处理、非细长缺陷与细长缺陷分别进行处理的思路.在逐列灰度波形分析检出焊缝外边缘和两焊缝重叠区边缘的基础上,对于非细长缺陷,采用大模版中值与均值滤波相结合模拟背景,然后对消除背景后图像采用分区域阈值检出焊缝缺陷,对于细长缺陷,提出了基于逐列自适应二值化和改进霍夫变换的缺陷分割算法.结果表明,所提出的方法能够在有效地避免两焊缝重叠区边缘处误检的同时,检出微弱线缺陷. 相似文献
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针对X射线线阵探测器实时成像的焊缝图像,提出了降噪处理、焊缝图像分割及缺陷检测的方法.通过自适应中值滤波方法对焊缝图像进行滤波降噪,利用类间、类内方差比分割法和数学形态学方法进行焊缝图像分割,对焊缝部分应用高频加强变换提取焊接缺陷.结果表明,采用自适应中值滤波能够有效去除噪声的同时保留焊缝和缺陷的边缘细节;类间、类内方差比分割方法与数学形态学方法并用能准确地将图像分割为焊缝与母材区域;高频加强变换能使焊缝中心部位灰度变化突显进而实现缺陷检测. 相似文献
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The paper presents a method for parameter identification of dual-energy X-ray imaging. This method is based on pre-calculated or experimentally obtained dependencies between the right sides of the system of two integral parametric equations and two required parameters within the ranges interesting to a customer. This method is characterized by a high processing speed depending on the speed of random access memory. Thus, it is used in different implementations of dual-energy X-ray imaging, namely digital radiography and computed tomography. 相似文献
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针对在强噪声、低对比度及复杂背景特征下X射线焊缝图像的缺陷检测问题,提出了去噪处理、焊缝边缘分割及缺陷检测的方法.用快速离散Curvelet变换和循环平移相结合的方法,对焊缝图像进行滤波去噪,同时对图像列灰度曲线用最大类间方差法提取焊缝区域.在图像预处理后,采用三阶Fourier曲线对图像列灰度曲线进行拟合并扩展到三维空间,构造出自适应阈值面,最后利用原图像与构造曲面三维灰度图的灰度值差异,准确分割背景与缺陷区域.结果表明,与传统缺陷检测算法相比,该方法能准确提取出焊缝缺陷,漏检率和误判率低,准确率可达95%. 相似文献
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J. C. Austin K. E. Pitt P. W. Haycock B. R. Heywood S. D. George J. Liddle 《NDT & E International》2004,37(3):229-236
In this article element-specific mapping using a broad-spectrum laboratory based X-ray source is reported. Element-specific and element-exempt images of silver nitrate and di-hydrated barium chloride have been obtained from raw images collected either side of the K-edges for silver and barium. The informed positioning of filters between the source and sample narrowed the X-ray spectra, thereby enhancing the final images. For barium, samples with a barium area density of less than 8×10−5 g mm−2 have been analysed. The system used here can be employed for mapping the distribution of elements from the middle of the second row transition metals to the light lanthanides. 相似文献
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X-ray imaging of biological materials has, in the past, relied on the difference in absorption between the two of the main constituents of living matter (water and carbon) at certain energies. In recent years, phase techniques relying on the X-ray refractive index difference of materials have been developed that have allowed biological and other low-contrast materials to be imaged. In this primer, we aim to cover some of the terminology and methods involved in X-ray phase imaging and provide a framework for understanding phase-imaging and phase-retrieval methods. We conclude with a discussion on some of the most recent advances in this field where far-field diffraction patterns of samples can be inverted to provide very high-resolution structure leading, possibly, to the prospect of single-molecule imaging. 相似文献