电控燃油系统位置检测和驱动装置的研究

本文分析了柴油机燃油系统电控原理,研制出适用于电控燃油系统的一种新型的位置检测和驱动装置,并对其原理,输出特性以及灵敏度进行了分析,实验结果表明该装置能满足燃油系统电控性能的要求。     

标致505轿车单点燃油喷射电控系统的开发

本文介绍了作者在广州标致汽车公司制造的ＸＮ１Ａ发动机及５０５轿车上所开发的单点燃油喷射电控系统的研究开发工作，给出了ＸＮ１Ａ发动机采用电控燃油喷射系统后的外特性曲线及万有特性曲线，并与原ＳＯＬＥＸ化油器式的特性曲线进行了比较。本文还示出了５０５ＳＸ车匹配上该单点电控燃油喷射系统后的整车等速油耗试验曲线，并与原化油器式的进行比较。试验结果表明，在ＸＮ１Ａ发动机及５０５轿车上所开发的这种电控燃油喷射系     

基于LabVIEW的柴油机燃油性能检测系统

给出了利用油压变化来检测柴油机燃油系统故障的机理.通过测取油压曲线对柴油机燃油性能状态进行检测,并构建以虚拟仪器为核心的柴油机燃油性能状态采集系统,建立了表征燃油系统性能状态的特征参量、正常与故障判定准则和基于神经网络的故障类型识别系统,并采用LabVIEW实现.     

电喷发动机的常见故障的诊断及排除

电子控制系统是现代轿车重要的结构组成,随着电子控制系统结构的日益复杂与控制功能的集中化,对其进行故障诊断,判断故障部位变得越来越困难。结合电控燃油喷射式发动机故障的类型及特点,详细阐述了电控燃油喷射式发动机的常见故障的排除方法。     

人工神经网络算法在发动机燃油流量计算中的应用

基于发动机地面试验数据及飞行试验数据,以发动机转速、飞行高度、发动机节气门开度、发动机喷油脉宽为输入,燃油流量为输出建立了发动机燃油消耗人工神经网络模型.结果 表明,经训练后的模型同实测结果吻合度较好,对实际飞行有较强的指导意义;当其他因素保持不变时,燃油流量随飞行高度的升高而降低,随发动机节气门开度的增大而增大.     

燃油稀释机油对发动机性能的影响

通过发动机台架试验,结合机油样品检测分析,进行燃油稀释的机油对发动机性能的影响研究。结果表明机油被燃油稀释后,发动机摩擦功随燃油稀释率增大而变小,但燃油稀释率增大到一定程度时,摩擦功不再继续降低;燃油稀释率较低时,发动机实际机油消耗变化不明显,但随着稀释率的增大,机油消耗呈现上升趋势,机油压力快速下降。被燃油稀释后,机油粘度降低,活塞漏气量增加。通过分析燃油稀释机油对发动机性能的影响,可以确定燃油稀释率的限值,指导发动机的开发工作。     

话说柴油机电控燃油喷射技术

目前，能源危机和环境污染使人们对柴油机的经济性和尾气排放提出了更高的要求。传统的机械控制燃油喷射系统已无法满足这种新的要求。柴油机电控燃油喷射系统具有喷射压力高、控制精度高、响应速度快、控制策略灵活、适应性强等特点，     

电喷发动机使用维护要点

1.用油 电控燃油喷射发动机对汽油的清洁度要求很高,应使用牌号和质量完全符合要求的无铅汽油。燃油滤清器应定期更换,以防喷油器堵塞和氧传感器的工作性能丧失,特别应指出的是：在电控燃油喷射发动机中普遍采用闭环控制方式,在排气歧管中均装有一个反映混合气燃烧状况的氧传感器,一旦用含铅汽油．便会导致氧传感器中毒失效,造成发动机工作性能下降。     

半差动环形角度传感器的研究

本文研制了适用于电控燃油系统的一种新型角度传感器,并对其结构、工作原理以及测量电路进行了分析。分析结果表明该传感器的特性能满足电控燃油系统性能的要求。     

轿车电控燃油喷射系统的试验研究

通过发动机台架对比试验及装车试验，对轿车电控燃油喷射系统的性能进行试验研究，取代原车的化油器。     

Major pathways for used oil disposal and recycling. Part 2

One of the main concerns with lubricating oil relates to used oil management for both industrial and engine oils, although the environmental impact of gasoline and diesel engine oils is the most critical. Provided that efficient management systems are in place, most used oil should not reach the environment, so, the major question is ‘how should we dispose of collected used oil?’ The first option lies in burning it as a fuel, the second in recycling (re‐claiming, reprocessing, re‐refining). The latter allows recovery of mineral base oils, which are valuable constituents of crude oil. In the first part of this paper, the author looked at the problems associated with used oil, its use as a fuel, and simple recycling. He went on to look at major re‐refining processes, starting with hydrogenation (KTI, Mohawk, BERC/NIPER, and PROP technologies). In Part 2 he covers other processes, including Safety Kleen, IFP/Snamprogetti, UOP Hylube, and vacuum distillation and clay treatment technologies.     

锅炉给水泵油封烧损原因及改进措施

密封的作用主要是防止工作介质的泄漏,其性能的好坏对生产装置的正常运行具有重要意义。通过对某石化公司乙烯厂DB34型锅炉给水泵油封烧损故障原因分析,提出了相关改进措施确保设备正常运行,并为同类设备油封检修提供了参考。     

红外分光油分析仪的设计与研究

描述了红外分光油分析仪的基础原理、结构和数学模型 ,着重介绍了红外测油的原理、关键技术及应用     

机油泵测试系统的研制

介绍了机油泵测试系统的组成,并进行了参数计算。在不同转速、不同油温条件下,通过测量机油泵的转矩-转速、流量、机油泵的进出口压力、进出口温度等参数,自动完成各种性能测试,可对测试过程进行实时监控和管理。运行结果表明,系统稳定可靠,适合机油泵的性能测试。     

Analysis of engine oil and phosphorus volatility

An apparatus has been designed that allows the measurement of phosphorus volatility, which is important in, among other things, controlling the degradation of exhaust catalysers in automobiles. Following on from the original Noack volatility test, the Selby—Noack apparatus can measure up to 99.9% of volatiles. The apparatus has been used in the present work to assess the relationship between engine oil volatility and engine oil phosphorus volatility (from additives), some reflections on which are presented.     

Major pathways for used oil disposal and recycling. Part 1

One of the main concerns with lubricating oil relates to used oil management for both industrial and engine oils, although the environmental impact of gasoline and diesel engine oils is the most critical. Provided that efficient management systems are in place, most used oil should not reach the environment, so, the major question is how to dispose of collected used oil. The first option lies in burning it as a fuel, the second in recycling (reclaiming, reprocessing, re‐refining). The latter allows recovery of mineral base oils, which are valuable constituents of crude oil. Mobile (on site) and fixed plants for industrial oil recycling will first be discussed, and the paper will look at the most modern re‐refining processes that produce base oils of as high quality as virgin base oils. Based on current re‐refining experience, the quality of finished lubricants blended from re‐refined base stocks is also noted. Re‐refining today may be of significant benefit to the economy and can, of course, protect the environment. All modern re‐refining technologies produce small amounts of by‐products in which toxic materials may have been concentrated. A final aspect of reprocessing used oil is to integrate it, after hydrogen treatment, into existing refineries. This valuable raw material can then be directly routed to a lube oil unit or even to a cracking unit for conversion to gasoline. The integration of used oil treatment processes into selected refineries may be the most effective pathway to used oil disposal. In this first part, the author looks at the nature of the problems associated with used oil, its use as a fuel, and simple recycling. He then goes on to look at major re‐refining processes, starting with hydrogenation (KTI, Mohawk, BERC/NIPER, and PROP technologies). Part 2 will describe other processes, including a range of vacuum distillation/clay treatment technologies.     

Instrumentation to measure the oil thickness on a wavy water surface

The instrumentation developed to measure the thickness of an oil layer on water in the presence of waves is described. It consists of a probe which follows the surface of water; a light-sensitive gauge attached to the probe measures the extent to which it is submerged in opaque oil, thus determining the oil thickness. In transparent petroleum products motion pictures may be used for this purpose. The results of performance tests of components and the preliminary tests on actual waves are presented.     

高精度在线油液监测系统设计

在分析了油液污染产生的原因及其对机械设备的危害的基础上,根据油液中悬浮颗粒对光线的散射和吸收的特性,提出了利用AVR处理器控制激光的入射光强,采用双光路光纤传感器,通过检测激光透射过油液后的透射光强,并经光电转换后输入AVR进行处理,得到油液中磨粒信息的设计方法,从而实现了对设备的实时在线状态监测。     

食用油品质的光学低相干外差干涉检测法

液体的折射率是一个重要的物理参数,在外界一定的条件下,掌握液体折射率及其变化,则可以了解其纯度、浓度等参数及品质。提出一种用低相干光外差干涉方法测量反复使用食用油的折射率,进而鉴别油的品质。实验以改进的迈克尔逊干涉仪为基础,将样品油放入测量臂光路中,当两束分别来自测量臂与参考臂的低相干光的光程接近相等时,会出现光外差干涉现象。利用光电探测器得到此干涉信号,根据前后相应的光程变化量,进而得到待测样品的折射率。食用油经反复加热1、2、3、5、7次后,葵花油的折射率分别为1.469 5、1.469 7、1.470 1、1.470 7、1.471 3,玉米油的折射率分别为1.468 8、1.469 1、1.469 4、1.470 1、1.471 1。结果表明,该方法可以准确测量出不同加热次数食用油的不同折射率,测量稳定性较高,能快捷、有效地鉴别反复使用的食用油品质。     

Determining the discharge rate from a submerged oil leak jet using ROV video

With expanded deep sea drilling in the Gulf of Mexico, and possibly the Arctic, it is imperative to have a technology available to quickly and accurately measure the discharge rate from a submerged oil leak jet. This paper describes an approach to measure the discharge rate using video from a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV). ROV video can be used to measure the velocity of visible features (turbulent eddies, vortices, entrained particles) on the boundary of an oil leak jet, from which the discharge rate can be estimated. This approach was first developed by the Flow Rate Technical Group (FRTG) Plume Team, of which the authors Savaş and Shaffer were members, during the response to the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil leak. Manual tracking of visible features produced the first accurate government estimates of the oil discharge rate from the DWH. However, for this approach to be practical as a routine response tool, software is required that automatically measures the velocity of visible features. To further develop this approach, experiments were conducted to simulate a submerged oil leak jet using a dye-colored water jet in the U.C. Berkeley Tow Tank facility. Jet exit diameters were 10.2 cm and 20.3 cm. With flow rates up to 11 gal/s, Reynolds numbers in the range of the DWH oil leak jets (up to 500,000) were achieved. The dye-colored water jets were recorded with high speed video and radial profiles of velocity were mapped with Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA). Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) software was applied to measure the velocity of visible features. The velocities measured with PIV software were in good agreement with the LDA measurements. Finally, the PIV software was applied to ROV video of the DWH oil leak jet. The measured velocities were 10–50% lower than manual measurements of velocity. More research is required to determine the reasons why PIV software produced much lower velocities than manual tracking for the DWH oil leak jet.