载银硅藻土/PNAC复合凝胶制备及性能

以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为还原剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为分散剂制备纳米银,并将其负载于改性硅藻土;以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸为单体,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,通过自由基聚合法与载银硅藻土合成载银硅藻土/PNAC复合凝胶。利用紫外可见分光光度计、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)分别对纳米银、复合凝胶和载银硅藻土进行表征,并对复合凝胶的pH值、温度响应性和抗菌性进行测定。扫描电镜结果表明合成的纳米银粒径为(75±10) nm,且纳米银负载于改性硅藻土表面孔洞中; FTIR表明复合凝胶制备成功;抑菌实验表明,复合凝胶能够持续缓释纳米银产生抑菌效果,对大肠杆菌的抑菌性优于金黄色葡萄球菌。     

中草药还原法制备银纳米颗粒及其抗菌性能表征

分别以中草药丁香、山茱萸、地榆和乌梅的提取液为还原剂和保护剂合成银纳米颗粒,利用紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-vis)、透射电镜(TEM)以及X射线粉末衍射(XRD)对产物进行了表征。结果表明,所得银纳米颗粒呈近球形,提高提取液的pH有利于获得粒径较小、分散性好、稳定性高的银纳米颗粒。进一步考察制得的银纳米颗粒的抗菌性能,结果表明,其对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌有很强的抑制作用,最小抑菌质量浓度(M IC)分别可达1.69和3.38 mg/L。     

载银纳米二氧化硅抗菌粉体材料的制备

研究了以平均粒径13nm的二氧化硅为载体，银单质为抗菌剂的载银纳米抗菌粉体材料的制备工艺及抗菌性能。通过化学还原法在其表面负载理论含量为0．7％～4％（质量分数）金属银，采用抑菌环法和振荡烧瓶法对其抗菌性能进行了检测，结果表明，载银3％（质量分数）的纳米二氧化硅在80～140℃烧结温度范围内制得抗菌粉体对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌率几乎达到100％，具有优良的抗菌性能，可用于抗菌塑料、抗菌食品包装和抗菌纺织制品等领域。     

载银活性炭的制备及其抗菌性能研究进展

综述了载银活性炭的抗菌机理、制备方法及抗菌性能影响因素。制备纳米银的生物法主要是利用植物浸取液制备,这是一种新兴绿色环保方法。银的抗菌作用机理较为复杂,抗菌性能受银离子价态、银颗粒尺寸、银离子浓度等因素影响,不同形态的纳米银其抗菌性能也不相同,纳米级氧化高银抗菌性能表现最好。而新型材料载银活性炭纤维抗菌性能更加优异,耐洗性能好,洗后其抗菌性能未明显减弱。     

载银TiO_2纳米管阵列的制备及性能（英文）

为了增加生物医用钛及其合金的生物活性和其他特殊功能,对钛合金表面进行改性和功能化。采用阳极氧化法在钛合金表面制备出TiO2纳米管阵列,再用真空浸渍法制备载银TiO2纳米管阵列;研究了载银TiO2纳米管阵列的抗菌作用。结果表明:阳极氧化法使钛合金表面形成高度整齐的TiO2纳米管阵列,其管径为150~200nm,管长为400~500nm,管壁厚为20nm,且纳米银颗粒沉积在纳米管的管口及管壁上,其粒径约为10~20nm。在磷酸盐缓冲液中,银离子释放时间至少能够持续13d。该载银TiO2纳米管阵列对金黄葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌具有一定的抑制作用。     

纳米载银凹凸棒的一种新型制备方法及其载银机理研究

本文以纯化的凹凸棒为原料,在室温下采用原位还原的方法制备了纳米载银凹凸棒.利用X-射线衍射(XRD)技术分析了纳米载银凹凸棒晶体结构,发现纳米载银凹凸棒中凹凸棒晶面间距没有变化,同时有银的衍射峰出现.透射电子显微镜(TEM)对样品形貌的观察表明,粒径为8～11 nm纳米银颗粒较为均匀地负载到凹凸棒表面.样品的元素分析说明纳米载银凹凸棒中银含量为9.13%.红外吸收光谱(FT-IR)对纳米载银凹凸棒的表征结果证明纳米载银凹凸棒与纯凹凸棒光谱基本相同.研究表明在凹凸棒上成功载银,并提出了其载银机理.     

纳米银@石墨烯复合材料的绿色制备及其抑菌性能

以聚乙二醇为还原剂通过水热反应,还原氧化石墨烯同时在石墨烯表面原位生长银纳米粒子,制备纳米银@石墨烯复合材料。采用紫外-可见吸收光谱、X射线衍射、红外吸收光谱、透射电子显微镜对所制备的纳米银@石墨烯复合材料进行了表征。结果表明,银以单质形态成功负载在石墨烯表面,银纳米粒子的平均粒径为30nm。以大肠杆菌为模型对纳米复合材料的抑菌性能进行测试,纳米银@石墨烯复合材料在100 mg/L时可以完全抑制大肠杆菌的生长,是一种效果显著的新型抑菌材料。     

银掺杂氧化锌沸石复合物的制备和抗菌性能

采用共沉淀法制备沸石纳米氧化锌复合体,采用葡萄糖还原络合浸渍法制备不同载银量的银掺杂氧化锌沸石,考察银的负载量对物质结构和抗菌性能的影响.运用X射线衍射、SEM等方法对复合抗菌剂进行了分析、表征,结果表明:不同掺银量的沸石/ZnO样品除了有纤锌矿相ZnO的衍射峰外,还出现了少量AgO的衍射峰;随着银掺杂量的增多,复合抗菌剂表面出现很多的孔隙,但负载两次银(Ag:3+2％)的Ag-沸石ZnO出现的孔隙较少.采用滤纸片法、倍数稀释法测定抑菌环直径和最小抑菌浓度,研究不同银掺杂量的氧化锌沸石复合物的抗菌性能.结果表明:载银量为1％、3％、5％、3％+2％的银掺杂氧化锌沸石抗菌剂与未掺杂银的沸石氧化锌(即载银量为0％)相比,对金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)、大肠杆菌(E.coli)和枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis)的抗菌性能有一定的提高,其中载银量为3％的银掺杂氧化锌沸石复合物的抗菌效果较强;载银量为3％的银沸石氧化锌复合物对E.coli 的抑菌效果较明显,最小抑菌浓度为75.5 g/mL;对S.aureus和B.subtilis的最小抑菌浓度分别为250 μg/mL和435 μg/mL.     

复合抗菌粉体材料的制备与应用研究

采用液相法制备纳米磷酸锆载银、纳米二氧化钛、纳米远红外线粉和超细沸石载银微粉 ,将它们按一定比例混合制成适合添加到陶瓷中的纳米复合抗菌粉体材料。实验结果表明 ,该复合抗菌粉体颗粒平均粒径小于10 0纳米 ,具有广谱、高效、持久的抗菌功能和无毒无刺激性。添加复合抗菌粉制备的抗菌日用瓷的理化性能均达到国家日用瓷质量标准的要求     

载银介孔氧化硅防污剂的制备及其防污机理研究

采用化学法制备出载银介孔氧化硅(Ag-MSN)粉体,通过扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)表征纳米材料的微观形貌和尺寸,利用X射线衍射(XRD)确定纳米材料的成分并结合公式确定纳米银的粒径;通过平板培养法和分光光度计法揭示载银介孔氧化硅对于海洋微生物(需钠弧菌)的抗菌效果和机理。将载银介孔氧化硅粉体作为主要颜料与有机硅树脂复合,得到具有一定抑菌性能的涂层。该研究成果将有助于揭示纳米银防污机理,并对绿色海洋防污剂的制备与应用起到重要的促进作用。     

无患子提取液制备纳米银及其协同抗菌性研究

以无患子提取液为还原剂,制备了含有纳米银的无患子复合抗菌液,考察了无患子提取液用量、温度、硝酸银摩尔浓度等因素对纳米银形貌和粒径的影响,并借助UV-Vis可见分光光谱、X射线衍射(XRD)以及透射电子显微镜(TEM)对产物进行表征;通过抑菌环法探讨了复合抗菌液对大肠杆菌的抗菌活性。由UV-Vis图谱可知,复合抗菌液等离子体共振吸收峰(SPR)在418 nm左右,说明该复合抗菌液中有纳米银的存在;XRD图表明合成的纳米银为面心立方结构;TEM图表明合成纳米银粒径为10~40 nm。由此获得的含有纳米银的无患子复合抗菌液对大肠杆菌表现出显著协同抗菌活性,抑菌圈直径变大。     

棉织物的纳米银多功能整理

以植物还原剂——金银花提取物和化学还原剂——丙三醇,分别还原硝酸银,制备了两种纳米银溶液。采用浸渍法将上述制备的纳米银溶液分别对棉织物进行功能整理。利用SEM、EDS、XRD、FTIR分析整理前后棉织物的外观形貌及结构,并探讨了整理后的棉织物的抗紫外性能、不同洗涤次数后其含银量、色差和抗菌性能的变化。结果表明,纳米银粒子主要通过范德华力吸附在棉织物纤维素的无定形区;与化学还原法相比,植物还原法制备的纳米银粒径减小了约15nm,植物还原法制备的纳米银溶液整理后的棉织物经过50次洗涤后,棉织物表面的纳米银吸附量及色差变化不大,且对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率仍旧达到99%以上,具有优异的抗菌性及良好的耐洗涤性能。另外,植物还原法制备的纳米银溶液整理后的棉织物紫外线防护系数(UPF)值达到了36.82,具有较好的抗紫外性能。     

Effect of plasma duty cycle on silver nanoparticles loading of cotton fabrics for durable antibacterial properties

A facile method for strongly anchoring silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) onto cotton fabrics was reported. It consists in loading AgNPs onto the cotton fiber preliminary coated with maleic anhydride plasma polymer layer. This results in hydrolyzis and ring opening of anhydride groups followed by electrovalent bonding of silver ions and reduction in NaBH₄. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to analyze changes in the surface chemical composition and morphology of the plasma modified fibers. The presence of AgNPs was confirmed by UV–Visible spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) images. Remarkably, varying plasma duty cycle for plasma polymer deposition allowed tailoring the amount of loaded AgNPs. The highest amount of AgNPs was obtained with the lowest duty cycle values. Qualitative tests showed that silver containing plasma modified cotton displays significant antibacterial activity. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41279.     

Fabrication and characterization of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) electrospun nanofibrous membranes containing silver nanoparticles for antibacterial water filtration

Electrospun nanofibrous membranes (ENMs) were fabricated based on chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) (CS/PVA) with a 70/30 mass ratio containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) via the electrospinning method. AgNPs were produced on the surface of CS/PVA nanofibers by adding AgNO₃ to a CS/PVA blend solution as a silver rendering component. The presence of AgNPs in the polymer blend solution was detected by UV spectrophotometry. The morphology of nanofibers before and after cross-linking with glutaraldehyde was investigated by the field emission scanning electron microscopy. The formation and size distribution of AgNPs onto the surface of nanofibers were observed by transmission electron microscopy and confirmed by energy dispersing X-ray spectroscopy. As-spun and cross-linked CS/PVA nanofibers revealed a smooth surface with diameters ranging from 58 to 73 nm and 95 to 109 nm, respectively. The effect of AgNP formation on the chemical structure of nanofibers was explored by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Static and dynamic antibacterial filtration efficiencies of CS/PVA ENMs, containing differing amounts of AgNO₃, have been tested against Escherichia coli, a gram negative bacterium. The antibacterial assessment results exhibited a significant increase in both static and dynamic antibacterial filtration efficiencies of the prepared CS/PVA ENMs by addition of AgNO₃ as a bactericidal agent.     

Determination of silver nanoparticle release from antibacterial fabrics into artificial sweat

Silver nanoparticles have been used in numerous commercial products, including textiles, to prevent bacterial growth. Meanwhile, there is increasing concern that exposure to these nanoparticles may cause potential adverse effects on humans as well as the environment. This study determined the quantity of silver released from commercially claimed nanosilver and laboratory-prepared silver coated fabrics into various formulations of artificial sweat, each made according to AATCC, ISO and EN standards. For each fabric sample, the initial amount of silver and the antibacterial properties against the model Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria on each fabric was investigated. The results showed that silver was not detected in some commercial fabrics. Furthermore, antibacterial properties of the fabrics varied, ranging from 0% to greater than 99%. After incubation of the fabrics in artificial sweat, silver was released from the different fabrics to varying extents, ranging from 0 mg/kg to about 322 mg/kg of fabric weight. The quantity of silver released from the different fabrics was likely to be dependent on the amount of silver coating, the fabric quality and the artificial sweat formulations including its pH. This study is the unprecedented report on the release of silver nanoparticles from antibacterial fabrics into artificial sweat. This information might be useful to evaluate the potential human risk associated with the use of textiles containing silver nanoparticles.     

天然抗菌植物靛蓝在牛仔纱线染色中的应用

对植物靛蓝连续染色牛仔纱线进行了实验研究.染色纱线织成的面料耐水洗色牢度、耐汗渍色牢度、耐干摩擦色牢度及耐唾液色牢度都在4级及以上,该面料及其经多种洗水风格处理后的服装对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率在80％以上,对大肠杆菌的抑菌率在78％以上,具有很好的抗菌性能.     

Construction of Silver Nanoparticle-Loaded Micelles Via Coordinate Interaction and Their Antibacterial Activity

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) loaded antibacterial micelles were fabricated utilizing the coordinate interaction between silver ion (Ag⁺) and methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(acrylamide-co-acrylonitrile) followed by in situ reduction. This micelle was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. The upper critical solution temperature of Ag⁺-loaded micelles was dependent on Ag⁺ concentration. The AgNPs were approximately 4 nm in diameter and homogenously distributed in the micelles. The AgNPs-loaded micelle displayed high stability during a one week study and excellent antibacterial activity against gram-negative Escherichia coli and was of acceptable toxicity toward human embryonic hepatocytes.     

Facile Deposition of Silver Nanoparticles on Photonic Cellulose Nanocrystals Films: A Study on Solvent Stability and Post Antibacterial Activity

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) incorporated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) photonic films have drawn considerable attention due to their plasmonic chiroptical activity. However, the exploitation of some fundamental properties for practical use such as the affinity analysis of metal nanoparticles attached to the surface of photonic films according to the solvent compatibility and antibacterial activity under physical conditions has yet not been studied. Hence, a facile process of in situ deposition of AgNPs into the chiral structure of CNC films is proposed. CNC photonic films, cross-linked by glutaraldehyde are prepared. This interaction generated the solvents-stable photonic film with a considerable amount of unreacted aldehyde functional groups that facilitates the reduction of Ag salt to AgNPs. The formed AgNPs in the photonic films show excellent stability over immersion in various polar and non-polar solvents. The post-solvent treated photonic films display excellent contact-based antibacterial behavior against gram-negative Escherichia coli.     

纳米氧化锌和纳米银对棉织物的多功能整理

以植物金银花提取物作为还原剂制备了纳米ZnO和纳米Ag,通过浸轧法将纳米ZnO单独整理以及将两者依次整理到棉织物上制备多功能棉织物(ZnO-棉织物、ZnO/Ag-棉织物).利用SEM、XRD、FTIR分析了整理前后棉织物的形貌和结构,并探讨了整理后棉织物的多功能性.结果表明,棉织物上的纳米粒子分布较均匀且发生了轻微团聚.与ZnO-棉织物相比,ZnO/Ag-棉织物对亚甲基蓝(MB)和红酒的降解率分别提高了7.09％和10.61％,说明纳米Ag提升了纳米ZnO的光催化活性.ZnO-棉织物经过10次洗涤后其纳米粒子含量虽有小幅下降,但对MB的降解率仍达到83.24％以上,说明负载纳米粒子后棉织物具有良好的自清洁能力和耐洗性能.此外,ZnO-棉织物和ZnO/Ag-棉织物的紫外防护系数(UPF)值分别达到33.23和41.06,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率均达到95％以上,表现出优良的抗紫外线性和抗菌性能.