应急预案体系本体模型（EPSOnto）及应用

应急预案是处置突发事件的重要依据,应急预案体系提供应急预案编制及修订指南。目前我国的应急预案体系建设存在描述不一致和异构性等问题。针对上述问题,采用语义网的本体技术,构建了应急预案体系本体模型,该模型以SUMO为上位本体,从预案体系主体、预案体系客体和体系组成等方面构建应急预案体系的概念、关系、函数、公理和实例五元组本体模型,并以天津市应急预案体系为应用实例对EPSOnto模型进行验证。     

基于本体的应急平台数据集成的设计与实现

目前,重大突发事件频发,但是我国部门间、地区间应急信息不共享、不互动,信息孤岛影响了应急管理决策的科学性和运作的有效性。针对传统异构数据集成中存在的问题,提出基于本体的应急平台数据集成框架,并对关键实现技术进行了研究。利用OWL建立全局本体和局部本体,使用Jena解析本体,借助映射规则来指导数据集成,实现了应急平台数据集成。     

基于本体的突发事件应急服务模型研究

 通过研究本体理论,采用斯坦福大学医学院开发的七步法、本体构建工具（Protégé）和本体描述语言OWL,实现突发事件应急服务领域本体库的构建,研究突发事件应急服务本体模型（ESODM）对突发事件应急服务进行统一建模,有助于实现突发事件应急服务在语义级别上统一表达,从而使得突发事件应急服务信息具有计算机可以理解的语义,有助于解决不同应用之间的信息语义异构问题,有助于实现对突发事件应急服务信息资源的智能访问和检索,有助于解决语义层次上应急服务信息共享和交换等问题。     

食品安全预警本体构建研究

食品安全预警系统中食品安全信息监测点具有分布性,所采集数据具有异构性等情况,因此造成信息集成困难,以及应急预案缺乏共享与利用等问题。本体已经被广泛应用于智能信息检索、信息集成等领域。因此将本体应用到食品安全预警系统建设中,建立食品安全预警本体模型可以有效解决食品安全预警系统中现存技术问题。文中参照本体构建的七步法,从简化供应链模型和HACCP原理中梳理出食品安全预警本体的各种概念,分析概念之间的关系,使用Protégé本体建模工具对所设计的本体进行了构建。     

领域本体在区域医疗信息共享系统中的应用

随着医疗领域信息化建设不断推进,为了提高医疗质量,合理有效利用医疗资源,医疗信息共享的要求日益强烈.语义异构是医疗信息资源共享面临的一个主要问题,提出利用领域本体整合分布式异构数据库资源,介绍了医疗本体的构建和应用系统的设计,为实现区域医疗信息共享提供了一种有效途径.     

一种应急预案本体模型及其应用研究*

目前,应急预案是分布于多个单位的非结构化文档,缺乏统一的建模方法,造成对预案描述的领域知识进行表示和利用存在困难。为解决以上问题,提出一种基于本体的知识建模方法,对应急预案文本进行建模,并实现应急领域知识共享。根据对应急预案文本结构特征进行分析,在重用现有本体模型的基础上提出了各主要要素的本体模型,形成一种应急预案本体模型（emergency plan ontology model,EPOM）。通过利用该方法对某区域防汛应急预案进行本体知识建模,开展应用研究。应用结果表明,该方法能够有效建模应急预案描述的     

基于语义Web服务的数字化应急预案检索系统框架

为了解决目前应急预案信息不全面、缺乏共享性等问题,结合语义Web服务技术,建立基于语义Web服务的数字化应急预案检索系统。在分布式异构网络环境中,从预案发布到预案检索、预测推理等一系列全方位的服务。使用OWL-S/UDDI注册机制,结合本体概念、SWRL推理等技术来实现系统功能,具有良好的适用性。     

基于描述逻辑的物资管理领域本体模型研究

为解决企业异构数据的共享问题, 提出利用本体模型和描述逻辑对元数据进行形式化的方法, 通过形式化元数据交互实现异构数据的共享。以大型单件小批制造企业为研究对象, 首先对物资管理领域数据模型进行分析, 抽象出相关概念类构建领域本体模型。然后, 结合描述逻辑对物资管理领域本体模型进行形式化描述。最后, 以领料申请为实例说明物资管理领域本体模型在异构数据共享中的应用。实证表明, 构建的本体模型能有效解决企业异构数据的共享问题。模型具有一定的通用性可重用于企业的其他主题领域, 为企业业务信息的无歧义共享提供了一种有效途径。     

基于本体的物流应急预案表示及应用*

为让计算机智能地处理物流应急预案,将每个物流应急预案表示为一个应急预案本体,通过计算概念和应急预案本体的相关程度,从而找到所需物流应急预案。用OWL:imports和Jena规则可连接应急预案本体,从而形成内容更全面的预案,但会破坏原有应急预案本体语义,产生不一致问题,所提出的约束原则有效避免了这一问题。应用SPARQL查询应急预案本体,并通过自定义原语和规则弥补应急预案本体在表达能力上的不足,以有效地对应急预案本体进行推理,从而找到所需结论,进而实现了基于本体的物流应急预案的表示和应用。利用本体的语义表     

基于本体的网络管理信息模型映射方法

为达到网络管理系统间信息共享及解决其信息模型间语义异构问题,分析了网络管理信息模型现状和本体映射技术的优势,提出基于本体的信息模型自动映射方法。该方法将信息模型转换为本体后,通过动态适应的多策略本体匹配得到映射结果。同时开发了原型系统OntoNM,其通过Protégé和信息模型开发工具包来实现。通过实验评价得到推荐策略,且实验结果表明该方法提高了信息模型映射的效率。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.