不同环境介质下氧化铝陶瓷与耐蚀金属摩擦磨损行为

为优选海水淡化高压泵关键零部件耐磨性能材料,以Al_2O_3陶瓷与TC4钛合金、316不锈钢、2205双相不锈钢组成的配对摩擦副作为研究对象,利用立式万能摩擦磨损试验机开展干摩擦、纯水及海水3种环境介质下配对材料的摩擦磨损试验,定量得到各摩擦副摩擦因数、磨损量,并对摩擦试样的表面形貌进行分析;采用正交试验法分析载荷、转速、环境介质对摩擦因数和磨损量的影响规律。结果表明:在相同的条件下,TC4钛合金与陶瓷配副摩擦因数较小,2205双相不锈钢与陶瓷配副磨损量较小;环境介质对摩擦因数影响较大,载荷对磨损量的影响较大;海水环境下2205双相不锈钢和316不锈钢磨痕较浅,磨损机制为疲劳磨损、磨粒磨损和腐蚀磨损的交互作用。     

ZrO_2陶瓷在H_2O_2介质中的摩擦学性能研究

在MMW-1立式万能摩擦磨损试验机上对ZrO2陶瓷球与1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢环在不同体积分数的H2O2介质中的摩擦磨损行为进行研究,并通过激光干涉表面形貌测量仪考察球试样与环试样的磨损表面形貌,对比分析摩擦因数、磨损量、摩擦副的磨损表面形貌的变化规律。结果表明,在不同体积分数的H2O2介质中,ZrO2/1Cr18Ni9Ti摩擦配副的摩擦学性能存在着明显差异;低浓度H2O2溶液在磨损过程中对不锈钢材料具有类似抛光打磨的过程,导致腐蚀磨损表面较为光滑;一定浓度的H2O2介质能有效地起到改善摩擦磨损特性的作用。     

不同高温浆体中螺杆钻具定子衬套的摩擦规律

定子橡胶衬套的磨损易导致螺杆钻具工作效率降低或过早发生失效。为研究钻井工况下橡胶衬套的摩擦磨损特性,对定子橡胶衬套在干磨状态以及不同浆体介质中的状态进行了摩擦学试验,并对橡胶磨损量进行称量。试验结果表明：在干磨和各浆体介质中,中低载荷和低转速情况下,橡胶的摩擦因数随着载荷和转速增大而减小,橡胶的磨损量随载荷和转速的增大而增大;在浆体介质中,橡胶磨损量随泥浆密度的增大而增大。衬套的磨损机理主要表现为滞后磨损、氧化降解和微切削作用磨损。     

水润滑橡胶轴承的制备及摩擦磨损性能研究

以丁腈橡胶(NBR)为基体,制备水滑润橡胶轴承;研究填料、载荷、转速、润滑介质、NBR品种等因素对橡胶轴承在水润滑介质中的摩擦磨损性能的影响,并分析其摩擦和磨损机制。结果表明,炭黑量和二硫化钼添加量明显影响橡胶轴承的摩擦因数和磨损量;随着载荷的增大,橡胶轴承的摩擦因数和磨损量均呈现先增大后减小再明显增大的趋势;随着转速的增大,橡胶轴承的摩擦因数和磨损量均明显减小,并且在海水中的摩擦因数和磨损量均大于在淡水中的摩擦因数和磨损量。     

水润滑橡胶轴承摩擦磨损性能的研究

以丁腈橡胶（ＮＢＲ） 为基体,制备水滑润橡胶轴承;研究填料、载荷、转速、润滑介质、ＮＢＲ品种等因素 对橡胶轴承在水润滑介质中的摩擦磨损性能的影响,并分析其摩擦和磨损机制。结果表明,炭黑量和二硫化钼添加量明 显影响橡胶轴承的摩擦因数和磨损量;随着载荷的增大,橡胶轴承的摩擦因数和磨损量均呈现先增大后减小再明显增大 的趋势;随着转速的增大,橡胶轴承的摩擦因数和磨损量均明显减小,并且在海水中的摩擦因数和磨损量均大于在淡水 中的摩擦因数和磨损量。     

柴油机连杆衬套磨损的正交试验研究

以单因素试验和正交试验方法设计连杆衬套摩擦磨损试验方案,在活塞销-连杆衬套往复摆动摩擦磨损试验机上研究载荷、转速、配合间隙对衬套磨损量的影响。通过方差分析和响应曲面法分析各因素及因素交互作用对磨损量影响,对工艺参数进行优化,建立磨损量的预测模型。结果表明:对衬套磨损量影响重要程度依次为转速、载荷、配合间隙;在交互作用中,载荷与配合间隙的交互作用对于磨损量影响比较显著。衬套磨损量响应优化的结果为在载荷取110 k N,转速为230 r/min,配合间隙为0.14 mm时,连杆衬套的磨损量最小,为5.4μm。     

偶件表面粗糙度对PTFE材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

为了研究干摩擦条件下偶件表面粗糙度对聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)密封材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,利用MMW-1立式万能摩擦磨损试验机,在不同载荷和转速下研究由PTFE材料制作的试验环分别与316L不锈钢和45#钢配副时的摩擦磨损性能,并利用粒形分析仪对PTFE试验环试验前后端面的形貌进行观测;利用触针式轮廓仪对摩擦配副钢环的端面粗糙度进行精确测量,分析表面粗糙度对PTFE试验环摩擦磨损性能的影响。试验结果表明:在干摩擦条件下,摩擦配副钢环的表面粗糙度过高或者过低都会引起PTFE试验环磨损量的增加;定载荷时,PTFE试验环磨损量随摩擦配副钢环表面粗糙度的增大先减小后增大,随转速的增大而增大;定转速时,PTFE试验环摩擦因数随摩擦配副钢环表面粗糙度的增大稍减小后而后增大,随载荷的增大先减小后增大;在相同工况下,316L不锈钢对PTFE试验环的切削和犁沟作用比45#钢更加明显。     

不同含量盐水介质中丁腈橡胶水润滑轴承材料摩擦学特性分析

以水润滑轴承用丁腈橡胶(NBR)材料为研究对象,在CBZ-1摩擦磨损试验机上开展其在清水及不同盐分含量水介质中以及不同速度及载荷下的摩擦学试验,对比分析其摩擦因数、磨损量以及磨损表面形貌等摩擦学特性的变化规律。结果表明:盐水质量分数、速度和载荷对丁腈橡胶的摩擦学性能影响显著,其摩擦学特性的变化是盐水质量分数、载荷、速度以及丁腈橡胶的黏弹性等因素共同作用的结果;丁腈橡胶材料与锡青铜配副的摩擦因数随转速的升高而降低,随载荷的增加而降低;随着盐水质量分数的增加,摩擦副的摩擦因数和磨损量先增大而后均有所减小,这是因为盐水质量分数通过影响润滑介质的黏度来改变水润滑的效果,通过对铜盘的腐蚀作用来改变摩擦副的摩擦情况,从而在整体上影响摩擦因数和磨损量的变化。     

Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料的微动摩擦学特性

以纳米Al2O3为增强相,用粉末冶金法制备了铜基复合材料,研究了Al2O3的比例、载荷等对复合材料摩擦因数和磨损量的影响,并和纯铜的性能作了比较.结果表明,Al2O3的质量分数不宜超过4%,以2%为最佳;纯铜的摩擦因数随着载荷的增加而轻微上升,但Cu/Al2O3复合材料的摩擦因数随着载荷的增加变化幅度较大,呈先上升后下降的趋势,且在极小和较大的载荷下,复合材料的摩擦因数均比纯铜低,但复合材料的磨损量始终比纯铜的低,相对耐磨性最高可达1.55,呈现出良好的耐磨性.     

连杆衬套内表面磨损的正交试验研究

在连杆衬套内表面磨损的试验研究中,分别选取间隙值、载荷和转速作为试验因子。用正交试验法进行摩擦磨损试验,并用极差分析法分析了试验结果。结果表明：对连杆衬套内表面磨损影响主次顺序为转速、载荷、间隙值。从中得到了连杆衬套内表面最大磨损量和最小磨损量的工况。     

SUS304亚稳奥氏体不锈钢在耦合摩擦和变形条件下的磨损行为研究

在自制的耦合摩擦和变形的试验机上初步研究了SUS304亚稳奥氏体不锈钢带的磨损变形行为,分析了在耦合摩擦和变形条件下的形变量、磨痕表面的马氏体转变以及磨痕形貌与试验条件的关系。结果表明:研制的试验机实现了SUS304亚稳奥氏体不锈钢带的摩擦和塑性变形的耦合行为;不仅带试样摩擦表面的形貌随正压力增加变化明显,而且其形变量和诱发转变的马氏体量均增大,但马氏体量增加对SUS304奥氏体不锈钢的磨损无明显影响。     

空调滑片用低成本GDL-4高速钢软氮化后耐磨性能的对比

空调压缩机滑片对制造材料的红硬性和耐磨损性能有较高的要求,为此生产中通常采用表面氮化处理工艺。本文对研发的低成本GDL-4高速钢与M2高速钢、11Cr17不锈钢试样进行相同的软氮化工艺处理,在300N载荷下进行摩擦磨损实验对比其耐磨性,结果表明:在相同的常规软氮化工艺条件下,GDL-4钢的耐磨性能好于M2钢和11Cr17不锈钢,检测发现氮化后钢表层硬度梯度的分布对耐磨性有重要的影响。     

Al2O3基纳米复合陶瓷刀具切削不锈钢的实验研究

实验研究了Al2O3基纳米复合陶瓷刀具ASs与LTN连续干切削奥氏体不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti时的切削性能。结果表明,在相对较高的切削速度下,两种刀具表现出较好的切削性能,其中ASs刀具的主要磨损机制是粘结磨损和微崩刃,而LTN刀具则主要是粘着剥落;在相对低速下切削时,两种刀具都发生粘结破损失效。     

Tribological properties of a Fe3Al material in sulfuric acid corrosive environment

The tribological properties of a Fe₃Al material in an aqueous solution of 1 mol/l H₂SO₄ corrosive environment sliding against a Si₃N₄ ceramic ball are studied using an Optimol SRV oscillating friction and wear tester in a ball-on-disc contact configuration. We investigate the effects of load and sliding speed on tribological properties of the Fe₃Al material. The worn surfaces of the Fe₃Al material are examined by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS). It is found that the Fe₃Al material exhibits better wear resistance than 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel in the sulfuric acid corrosive environment. The wear rate of the Fe₃Al material is on the order of 10^?13 m³/m and increases with increasing load, but does not vary below the sliding speed of 0.08 m/s then dramatically increases with increasing sliding speed. The friction coefficient of the Fe₃Al material is in the range of 0.1–0.28, and slightly increases with increasing load, and does not vary with the increase of sliding speed. The Fe₃Al material occurs tribochemical reaction with the H₂SO₄ aqueous solution in the friction process. Wear mechanism of the Fe₃Al material is dominated by microploughing and corrosive wear.     

Wear and corrosion wear of medium carbon steel and 304 stainless steel

Wear and corrosive wear involve mechanical and chemical mechanisms and the combination of these mechanisms often results in significant mutual effects. In this paper, tribological behavior, X-ray peak broadening, and microstructure changes of carbon steel AISI 1045 and stainless steel AISI 304 samples under simultaneous wear and corrosion were investigated and the results were compared with those obtained from dry wear tests. 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution was used as the corrosion agent and a pin-on-disk tribometer was employed to perform wear and corrosive wear tests.X-ray diffraction measurements have shown that by increasing the applied load, the worn surfaces of carbon steel samples reached a constant strain at which fracture and wear occurred. Whereas in 304 stainless steel samples, by increasing the applied load, broadening of X-ray diffraction peaks was decreased.Wear tests of carbon steel and stainless steel samples have shown smaller weight losses and lower friction coefficient in the presence of corrosive environment. Study of worn surfaces suggested that depending on wear environment and applied load, different features of wear mechanisms were involved.     

Tribological Behavior of Tin-Based Babbitt Alloy Lubricated by Seawater

In this article, the tribological behaviors of tin-based Babbitt alloy ZChSnSb 8–8 sliding against AISI 302 stainless steel lubricated by seawater were investigated. The results indicated that the friction coefficient decreases with increasing load and sliding speed, and the wear rate increases slightly with load but decreases with sliding speed. The low friction coefficient and wear rate are attributed to the unique “concrete structure” and seawater. As a lubrication medium, seawater has lubricating, cooling, and corrosive effects on the sliding couple.     

An investigation of the wear of abrasive grains by rubbing on ferrous and non-ferrous surfaces

The wear characteristics of abrasive grains have been extensively studied using stationary grains carrying a load of 1 or 2 lbs. bearing against a disk rotating at approximately 800 r.p.m. Mean wear volume was found to increase linearly with sliding distance. Carbon steel disks gave lower wear rates for the friable grains than the ductile grains while the reverse was found to be true for Waspaloy and stainless steel. The effect of sliding speed on wear rate and coefficient of friction is also discussed.     

Wear Mechanism of Cemented Carbide Tool in High Speed Milling of Stainless Steel

Adhesion of cutting tool and chip often occurs when machining stainless steels with cemented carbide tools. Wear mechanism of cemented carbide tool in high speed milling of stainless steel 0Cr13Ni4 Mo was studied in this work. Machining tests on high speed milling of 0Cr13Ni4 Mo with a cemented carbide tool are conducted. The cutting force and cutting temperature are measured. The wear pattern is recorded and analyzed by high?speed camera, scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy dispersive X?ray spectroscopy(EDS). It is found that adhesive wear was the dominant wear pattern causing tool failure. The process and microcosmic mechanism of the tool's adhesive wear are analyzed and discussed based on the experimental results. It is shown that adhesive wear of the tool occurs due to the wear of coating, the a nity of elements Fe and Co, and the grinding of workpiece materials to the tool material. The process of adhesive wear includes both microcosmic elements di usion and macroscopic cyclic process of adhe?sion, tearing and fracture.     

Tribocorrosion behavior of Ni-17.5Si-29.3Cr alloy in sulfuric acid solution

The tribocorrosion property of a Ni-17.5Si-29.3Cr alloy against a Si₃N₄ ball was studied in comparison with AISI321 stainless steel using a ball-on-disk reciprocating tribotester in 1 M sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) solution. The effects of load and sliding speed on the tribocorrosion properties of the alloy were investigated. The results indicated that the wear rate of the alloy increased while the friction coefficient decreased with increasing load. The wear rate of the alloy increased linearly with increasing sliding speed and the friction coefficient increased in the initial stages and then remained constant with increasing sliding speed. The wear mechanisms were mainly microploughing, uniform corrosion and pitting corrosion. Under the experimental conditions of the present study, the Ni-17.5Si-29.3Cr alloy showed excellent corrosion-resistence and anti-wear ability compared with AISI321 stainless steel.