原位乳液聚合法制备聚苯乙烯一丙烯酸酯／纳米蒙脱土复合乳液

通过原位乳液聚合法，采用5种不同类型的蒙脱土制备了聚苯乙烯一丙烯酸酯／蒙脱土复合乳液。讨论了各种影响因素对复合乳液制备及乳液涂膜性能的影响，采用正交实验的方法对实验工艺进行优化，并采用X射线衍射（XRD）对复合物结构进行了分析。结果表明：蒙脱土在复合物中呈现纳米级分散，形成了插层型结构。钠型蒙脱土制备出的复合乳液性能较好，蒙脱土含量增加对单体聚合有一定阻聚作用。     

乳液插层法制备丁苯橡胶/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的结构与性能

选用一种能够在水中分散良好的有机改性蒙脱土（OMMT），采用乳液插层法制备了SBR／OMMT纳米复合材料，X射线衍射和透射电镜观察显示制得了半剥离型与插层型共存的纳米复合材料。研究了复合材料的力学性能和耐溶剂性能。测试结果表明，随着蒙脱土用量的增加，复合材料的定伸应力、拉伸强度和撕裂强度均大幅度提高。复合材料具有优异的耐溶剂性能。     

原位乳液聚合法制备聚苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯/纳米蒙脱土复合乳液

通过原位乳液聚合法,采用5种不同类型的蒙脱土制备了聚苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯/蒙脱土复合乳液。讨论了各种影响因素对复合乳液制备及乳液涂膜性能的影响,采用正交实验的方法对实验工艺进行优化,并采用X射线衍射(XRD)对复合物结构进行了分析。结果表明:蒙脱土在复合物中呈现纳米级分散,形成了插层型结构。钠型蒙脱土制备出的复合乳液性能较好,蒙脱土含量增加对单体聚合有一定阻聚作用。     

滑石粉及蒙脱土对PE80树脂的复合研究

研究了经表面处理的滑石粉和改性蒙脱土与PE80混合后材料力学性能的变化。结果表明:随着滑石粉用量的增加,其复合物弯曲模量显著提高,断裂伸长率缓慢下降;而少量的有机蒙脱土与PE80插层复合时,即可获得高强度和高韧性的复合材料。将滑石粉与蒙脱土共复合添加时,可以发挥蒙脱土片层剥离增强作用,从而以较少的添加量得到综合力学性能良好的复合材料。用XRD、SEM、TEM等对复合材料进行了结构表征。     

乳液插层法制备丁苯橡胶/天然橡胶/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的研究

采用乳液插层法制备了丁苯橡胶/天然橡胶/蒙脱土（SBR/NR/MMT）纳米复合材料。采用透射电子显微镜研究了复合材料的亚微观形态,并对复合材料的性能进行了研究。透射电镜结果显示,制备出了插层型的SBR/NR/MMT复合材料。当蒙脱土含量较低时,SBR/NR/MMT纳米复合材料的力学性能随蒙脱土用量的增加而增大。SBR/NR/MMT复合材料的耐油性能随蒙脱土含量的增加而提高。蒙脱土的加入对纳米复合材料的耐磨性能没有太大影响。     

蒙脱土/橡胶纳米复合材料的研究进展

概述了蒙脱土／橡胶纳米复合材料的结构、制备方法及性能，并展望了其应用前景。根据蒙脱土片层的分散情况可将蒙脱土/橡胶纳米复合材料分为普通型、插层型和剥离型；复合材料的制备方法包括单体插层原位聚合法、橡胶溶液插层法、液体橡胶插层法、橡胶乳酸插层法、橡胶熔体插层法及小分子与大分子的结合插层法；复合材料具有良好的加工性能、优异的力学性能及阻隔性能等，广泛用于轮胎内胎、气密层、胶带、胶鞋等制品。     

三元乙丙橡胶/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用熔融插层的方法制备了三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)／蒙脱土纳米复合材料。X-射线衍射和透射电镜的研究结果表明，该材料的结构为插层型纳米分散结构。研究了蒙脱土用量对该复合材料的力学性能、光学性能和热性能的影响。实验结果表明，该纳米复合材料具有优良的力学性能。当蒙脱土的用量为15份时，该材料的拉伸强度和拉断伸长率分别为19．8MPa和540％。由过氧化物硫化剂2，5-二甲基-2，5-二叔丁基过氧己烷制备的EPDM／蒙脱土纳米复合材料是半透明的，蒙脱土用量对材料的透光率影响较小，蒙脱土用量几乎不影响材料的硫化性能。此外，材料的玻璃化转变温度和热分解温度也由于蒙脱土在基体中的纳米分散和基体与填料相互作用的增强而明显升高。     

用溶液插层法制备顺丁橡胶／有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料

用溶液插层法制备了顺丁橡胶/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料,并用透射电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪分析了该复合材料的结构,研究了其物理机械性能和热稳定性能.结果显示,顺丁橡胶/有机蒙脱土复合材料是一种插层型和剥离型共存的纳米复合材料,与顺丁橡胶相比,该纳米复合材料具有较好的物理机械性能和热稳定性能,且这些性能随有机蒙脱土用量的增加而增强.     

酪素/蒙脱土插层复合物制备及其耐水性能研究

在十六烷基季胺盐存在下进行蒙脱土插层得到[H4N(CH2)15CH3]+-蒙脱土插层物,酪素加热溶解后与[H4N(CH2)15CH]+-蒙脱土插层物混合,保温复合,然后沉淀分离,得到干酪素/蒙脱土纳米复合物。用XRD,TEM和TGA表征酪素纳米复合物的结构与性能。结果表明,插层复合物中蒙脱土晶片间距扩大,插层复合物耐热性能明显提高,与纯酪素相比,复合物拥有极好的耐水性能,特别适用于制备高速高性能啤酒生产线用贴标胶。     

乳液插层法天然橡胶/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备及其性能

采用乳液插层法制备了天然橡胶/蒙脱土（NR/MMT）纳米复合材料,采用透射电子显微镜（TEM）研究了复合材料的亚微观形态,并对复合材料的力学性能和耐磨耗性能进行了研究。TEM结果显示,MMT片层以纳米尺寸均匀分散在NR基体中;力学性能测试结果表明,当MMT用量小于12份时,纳米复合材料的力学性能随MMT用量的增加而逐渐增大,NR/MMT纳米复合材料具有优良的力学性能;蒙脱土的加入稍微降低纳米复合材料的耐磨性。     

Aqueous PUA emulsion prepared by dispersing polyurethane prepolymer in polyacrylate emulsion

Waterborne polyurethane/polyacrylate (PUA) emulsions were prepared by dispersing polyurethane (PU) prepolymer in polyacrylate (PA) emulsion; therefore, the PU particles formed in the presence of PA nanoparticles. The particle size and its distribution of the composite PUA emulsion were determined by dynamic light scattering. The result shows that the average particle size increases initially and then decreases with increasing PA content, which is confirmed by transmission electron microscope characterization. The surface properties of PUA films were analyzed by water contact angle and atomic force microscope topography. It indicates that the water contact angle and the average roughness of the composite PUA films are larger than those of the PU film. Meanwhile, mechanical properties test, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analyses disclose that the PUA films are characterized by enhanced tensile strength, rough fractured surface, and good thermal stability. The preparation method proposed in this article is an effective and convenient way to manufacture composite PUA emulsion. The composite PUA emulsion can be potentially used in coatings. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43203.     

复合乳液成膜过程中蒙脱土的结构研究

对丙烯酸酯／蒙脱土复合乳液干燥成膜过程中蒙脱土结构的变化进行了研究。利用冷冻干燥技术对不同成膜阶段的复合乳液进行了处理。TEM、XRD和SEM研究表明：蒙脱土的结构在复合乳液的成膜过程中有着显的变化，其在复合乳液中的层间距要大于成膜后的样品，成膜之后蒙脱土的结构特征很大程度上取决于复合乳液中水分干燥的方式。     

水分散体叔氟共聚乳液的研究

以叔碳酸酯、有机氟单体、甲基丙烯酸及甲基丙烯酸甲酯为原料制备了新型叔氟共聚乳液，研究了反应温度、反应时间、投料量、有机氟单体对乳液聚合的影响，并对制备的乳液进行了红外、紫外、机械稳定性、耐水性、耐沾污性等表征，确定了最佳反应条件。     

可聚合阳离子含氟表面活性剂在含氟丙烯酸酯乳液聚合中的应用

以可聚合阳离子含氟表面活性剂N-(乙酸全氟辛基乙基酯)-N-(乙醇丙烯酸酯)二甲基溴化铵(PF8DM)为乳化剂,进行含氟丙烯酸酯的细乳液聚合研究,考察了PF8DM用量对单体转化率和凝胶率的影响,PF8DM用量对乳液的稳定性和表面性能的影响;分别采用PF8DM和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵作为乳化剂考察其对乳胶膜性能的影响。结果表明,当PF8DM含量为单体总质量的4%时,单体转化率达95%,凝胶率为0.6%;所得乳液具有优异的贮存、稀释、离心稳定性;当PF8DM用量为单体总质量的6%时得到的乳胶膜接触角达118.6°。在总含氟量相同的条件下,采用PF8DM为乳化剂制备的含氟丙烯酸酯乳液,其乳胶膜的吸水率大大降低,拒水性也明显增强。     

核壳型含氟丙烯酸酯乳液的合成及表征

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、甲基丙烯酸六氟丁酯(HFMA)等为主要原料,采用多步乳液聚合法,合成了具有核壳结构的含氟丙烯酸酯乳液。实验结果表明,主要单体质量比m(MMA)∶m(BA)=45∶55,核壳单体质量比为6∶4,含氟单体质量分数为7%,乳化剂质量分数为3%~4%时,制备得到的含氟丙烯酸乳胶粒子具有软核/硬壳结构,粒径为120 nm,乳胶膜吸水率为7%。通过傅里叶红外光谱法(FTIR)对乳液结构进行表征,结果表明,含氟单体参与了有效聚合;差示量热扫描(DSC)和热重分析法(TG)分析结果表明,聚合物存在两个玻璃化温度(-10.2℃和58.4℃),且热分解温度比不含氟的聚合物提高了59℃;接触角测试结果表明,当w(HFMA)≥7%时,乳胶膜正面与水的接触角为98.2,°说明所合成的核壳结构含氟丙烯酸酯乳液中有机氟富集于壳层,涂膜的耐热、疏水性良好。     

甲基丙烯酸六氟丁酯-丙烯酸酯共聚物乳液研究

以甲基丙烯酸六氟丁酯、丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯为原料合成甲基丙烯酸六氟丁酯-丙烯酸酯共聚物乳液。研究了不同乳化体系对聚合稳定性的影响。用红外光谱（IR）、^19F核磁共振（NMR）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）及热重分（TGA）表征乳胶膜结构及热稳定性能，用透射电子显微镜（TEM）观察了乳胶粒的微观形态结构，通过接触角和吸水率表征含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物乳胶膜的表面性能。     

高含量有机硅改性水性聚氨酯乳液的制备及性能研究

合成了高有机硅含量的水性聚氨酯稳定乳液。测量了有机硅含量对水接触角的影响,并对乳液的稳定性、黏度及涂膜的FT-IR、DSC、机械性能等进行了表征。     

Surface and mechanical properties of an organic-inorganic super- hydrophobic coating using modified nano-SiO2 and mixing polyurethane emulsion as raw materials

A series of organic-inorganic super-hydrophobic coatings were prepared using nano-SiO₂ particles modified by fluorine and silicone coupling agents, and a mixing polyurethane emulsion as main raw materials. The mixing polyurethane emulsion was consisted of the polyurethane emulsion end-terminated by double bond (WPUD) and polyurethane emulsion modified by silicone (WPUS). The influence of content of modified nano-SiO₂ particles and the weight ratio of WPUS to WPUD on microstructure and hydrophobicity of the coating surface were studied. The morphologies of coating surface were examined using SEM and AFM, hydrophobicity of the coating was researched by examining static water contact angle and so on. It was found that modified nano-SiO₂ particle was an indispensable factor during the preparation of super-hydrophobic coating. The roughness and hydrophobicity of the coating surface were enhanced obviously with an increase of the content of the modified nano-SiO₂ particles. When the content of the modified nano-SiO₂ particles increased up to 1.5%, the surface of coating possessed good super-hydrophobicity, and static water contact angle reached 169.1°. It was also noticed that the weight ratio of WPUS to WPUD in the base layer has also an important influence on the hydrophobicity and mechanical property of coating surface. With an increase of the ratio of WPUS to WPUD the hydrophobicity of the coating was enhanced, the tensile strength and peel strength reduced, but the elongation at break increased. When the weight ratio of WPUS to WPUD reaches up to 9/100, the static water contact angle reaches the maximum value of 169.1°.     

Elucidation of the nanoparticle effect on the grafting of vinyl monomers onto cotton fabric

The grafting emulsion polymerization of vinyl monomers onto cotton was carried out in the presence of double‐modified montmorillonite clay. The obtained results show that grafting with glycidyl methacrylate/montmorillonite gave a higher rate of grafting than grafting with methyl methacrylate/montmorillonite in all clay percentages, and also, the grafting yield of glycidyl methacrylate monomer onto cotton in the presence of montmorillonite clay had a higher value than that in the absence of the clay for all factors studied. Cotton grafted with glycidyl methacrylate/montmorillonite with a graft yield of about 50% was prepared according to the emulsion polymerization technique and was treated with different concentrations of dibutylamine solutions ranging from 1 to 4%. The obtained samples were characterized according to nitrogen content, thermal stability, scanning electron microscopy, mechanical properties, water absorption, and color strength according to acid, basic, and reactive dyes. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

磺化合成鲸蜡油/硫酸酯类表面活性剂复合体系的性能研究

以降膜式SO3磺化合成鲸蜡油(SSW)为对象,考察了磷酸酯类表面活性剂(PES)对SSW形成复合体系的影响。通过比较拟三元相图中油相区域比例,确定3种SSW/PES复合体系中PES的最优用量:w(A8EO5PNa)=1.5%,w(A9EO5PNa)=1.0%,w(A12EO3PNa)=0.5%。根据最优配方研究了复合体系的表面张力、革表面动态润湿角、乳液稳定性、临界胶束浓度(cmc)及粒度分布。结果表明:SSW/A9EO5PNa复合体系表面张力为27.39 mN/m,润湿渗透能力强,临界胶束浓度低,乳液稳定性好,乳液平均粒径为78.7 nm,更适合应用于皮革加脂剂。