高碳马氏体钢球磨机衬板

高锰钢球磨机衬板是冶金工业选矿厂大量的消耗零件,为我厂主要产品之一。关于这类衬板的使用情况,经初步观察,它所受冲击并不强,对它硬化作用也并不大,其磨损表面经几次测定,硬度约在240~300HB,因此我们试图以其它钢质代替高锰钢衬板。经过无产阶级文化大革命,在厂党委的领导与支持下,进行了比较广泛的试验,前后共试验四种方案(奥氏体碳化物;中碳马氏体;高碳珠光体;高碳马氏体),都得到了不同程度的效果。以下是高碳马氏体钢衬板试验的基本情况。     

化学成分对衬板用低碳高合金钢组织和性能的影响

为了克服高锰钢衬板耐磨性较差,力学性能较低等缺点,本文通过化学成分设计研制了一种取代高锰钢衬板的低碳高合金钢。着重研究加入铜元素对材料性能的影响。实验结果表明:试验材料在淬火回火态下为板条马氏体,还有少量的残余奥氏体及碳化物,具有较高的强韧性和硬度;铜元素的加入使得材料在几乎不降低硬度的同时具有较高的冲击韧性和强度配合,提高了衬板的使用寿命。     

用锰钢铬钼白口铁制造球磨机衬板

用锰钢铬钼白口铁制造球磨机衬板西安冶金建筑学院（７１００５５）鲁玺芳抗磨钢铁材料有高锰钢、低合金钢、白口铁及马氏体球铁，各适用于不同的使用条件。高锰钢（Ｍｎ１３）强而韧，适用于受高冲击、高压及高谷曲负荷的工况，而将其用于受低冲击、高磨料犁削磨损的球磨...     

含碳量对低合金耐磨钢冲击磨损耐磨性的影响

随含碳量的增加，低合金耐磨钢热处理后的组织逐渐由板条马氏体转变为板条马氏体＋片状马氏体混合组织，且片状马氏体的数量增多，同时，二次碳化物增加，导致该材质的硬度增加，冲击韧性下降。其三体冲击磨损耐磨性需要较高硬度与良好韧性的配合。在中等冲击载荷条件下，中碳低合金耐磨钢具有最佳的冲击磨损耐磨性，可以作为锤式破碎机锤头和球磨机衬板的材质     

中碳铬钼合金钢球磨机衬板的研究

为提高球磨机衬板的性能,采用多元合金化成分设计,通过适当提高Cr、Mo等中强碳化物形成元素来增加中碳高合金钢组织中的碳化物含量。采用退火、淬火加回火的工艺,得到针状马氏体+碳化物+残余奥氏体组织,其中碳化物大多为点球状和短杆状。结果表明,该材料能满足衬板的硬度要求,同时具有较好的韧性。     

二次碳化物对基体三体磨粒磨损特性的影响

选用三种不同碳、铬含量的耐磨钢，通过热处理获得不同数量的二次碳化物和马氏体基体。研究了二次碳化物对基体三体磨粒磨损特性的影响．试验结果表明；当切削磨损机理占主导地位时，二次碳化物对基体抗磨粒磨损能力提高有利；当低周塑变疲劳磨损占主导地位时，二次碳化物对基体抗磨粒磨损能力提高不利。     

腐蚀料浆环境下单相与双相合金衬板钢冲击磨损性能对比

利用MLDF-10冲击腐蚀磨损试验机研究了单相马氏体的Cr-Ni-Mo系合金衬板钢和马氏体 珠光体双相Cr-Ni-Mo系合金衬板钢在腐蚀环境下的冲击磨损性能.结果表明,在3.0 J冲击功作用下,pH值为2.5,矿石颗粒莫氏硬度为9,颗粒尺寸为1.7～3.5 mm的铁矿石矿浆中,单相合金衬板钢较双相合金衬板钢耐冲击磨损性能更好.在腐蚀环境下单相Cr-Ni-Mo合金衬板钢的冲击磨损机制初期为浅层疲劳剥落和腐蚀,长时间磨损后则以块状剥落为主;而双相Cr-Ni-Mo合金衬板钢的冲击磨损机制初期为块状剥落和腐蚀,长时间磨损后则以深层的块状剥落为主.     

Nb-Ti系堆焊层的组织和耐磨性的研究

为了提高焊条材料表面的耐磨性,通过对焊层中合金元素的设计,成功研制了一种适用于抗磨料磨损条件下的Nb-Ti系堆焊焊条(焊条代号109#).采用磨损试验机、硬度试验机、光学显微镜、扫描电镜、EDAX能谱分析仪对堆焊层的平均硬度、磨料磨损试验的磨损失重及微观组织进行了分析,研究了堆焊层合金系统的耐磨料磨损性能.结果表明,由于堆焊层组织为混合型马氏体和少量残余奥氏体+弥散分布的一次NbC-TiC颗粒,而且低碳马氏体和高碳马氏体数量相当.由于形成弥散的MC型碳化物第二相及强韧的基体,该焊条具有抗裂性好,焊前不需预热、焊后不需缓冷及连续堆焊不产生裂纹的特点.     

二次碳化物对基体三体磨粒磨损特性珠影响

选用三种不同碳，铬含量的耐磨钢，通过热处理获得不同数量的二次碳化物和马氏体基体、研究了二次碳化物对基体三体磨粒磨损特性的影响。试验结果表明，当切削磨损机理占主导地位时，二次碳化物对基体磨粒磨损能力提高有利；当低周塑变疲劳磨损占主恃位时，二次碳化物对基体抗     

高碳中锰钢铸态碳化物孕育处理

高碳中锰钢是新型的球磨机衬板用钢,实际使用表明,衬板寿命可提高50%以上(较高锰钢)。该钢之所以有优良的抗冲击磨损性能,主要在于:在浇注凝固过程中,经过碳化物孕育处理,消除了在热处理过程中难以消除的粗大网状、片状碳化物,使之在铸造过程中呈孤立块状析出。本文旨在以高碳中锰钢为基础,从孕育方面入手,研究钛、钒等孕育剂对铸态碳化物生长的作用及效果;研究影响孕育的条件及因素。一、试验条件及方法     

Molybdenum-on-chromium dual coating on steel

Molybdenum and chromium coatings were deposited on AISI 4130 steel using the Laser Induced Surface Improvement¹ (LISI™) process. In this process a mixture of precursor material is pre-placed on the substrate and then laser melted, resulting in the formation of a thin surface layer of alloy on the underlying material. First, a chromium coating was deposited on steel using the Cr-CrB₂ eutectic composition, and subsequently a molybdenum coating using the Mo-MoB eutectic composition was deposited on the chromium layer. Both the coatings have been individually characterized and compared using scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometry, Vicker’s hardness, X-ray diffraction, wear and erosion. The chromium layer exhibited superior erosion resistance (ASTM G76) while the molybdenum-on-chromium coating performed better in sliding wear (ASTM G77).     

有效利用合金废钢,大幅降低冶炼成本

我们对铬、镍、钼合金废钢进行细化分类,并根据P含量的不同采用返回法或氧化法进行冶炼.在保证炼钢投料正常进行的前提下,降低炼钢成本,提高铬、镍、钼合金废钢利用率.     

Improvement of wear resistance of plasma-sprayed molybdenum blend coatings

The wear resistance of plasma sprayed molybdenum blend coatings applicable to synchronizer rings or piston rings was investigated in this study. Four spray powders, one of which was pure molybdenum and the others blended powders of bronze and aluminum-silicon alloy powders mixed with molybdenum powders, were sprayed on a low-carbon steel substrate by atmospheric plasma spraying. Microstructural analysis of the coatings showed that the phases formed during spraying were relatively homogeneously distributed in the molybdenum matrix. The wear test results revealed that the wear rate of all the coatings increased with increasing wear load and that the blended coatings exhibited better wear resistance than the pure molybdenum coating, although the hardness was lower. In the pure molybdenum coatings, splats were readily fractured, or cracks were initiated between splats under high wear loads, thereby leading to the decrease in wear resistance. On the other hand, the molybdenum coating blended with bronze and aluminum-silicon alloy powders exhibited excellent wear resistance because hard phases such as CuAl₂ and Cu₉Al₄ formed inside the coating.     

改变铬和钼的含量对38CrMoAl钢性能的影响

研究了常规38CrMoAl钢和提高铬含量、降低钼含量的38CrMoAl钢在调质态力学性能和渗氮层深度、耐磨性和组织结构方面的差异,探索通过改变成分来降低38CrMoAl钢成本的可行性。结果发现,钼含量降低,铬含量提高,使材料的强度提高,韧性和塑性稍稍降低,而渗氮层变厚,表面硬度和耐磨性提高。     

高铬铸铁水基聚合物淬火液的特性与应用

针对无钼、镍高铬铸铁空冷淬火后常存在淬透性低和耐磨性差等不足,开发了适合于高铬铸铁淬火冷却的水基聚合物淬火液。该水基聚合物淬火液应用于高铬铸铁淬火,既可提高高铬铸铁的淬透性、明显改善其耐磨性,还可以大量减少钼、镍、铜等合金元素的加入量,明显降低高铬铸铁生产成本。该水基聚合物淬火液无公害、安全可靠,消除了火灾隐患及对环境的污染,目前已在锤头、板锤、衬板和磨球等耐磨备件上成功应用,并取得了良好的经济和社会效益。     

Three-body Impact Corrosion-Abrasion: Studying for Low Carbon High Alloy Liner in Ore Grinder

The impact-corrosion-abrasion resistance of the low carbon high alloy steel, which can be used for mill lining under impact-corrosion-abrasion condition, are tested in laboratory by means of a new kind of experimental facility. The industrial trial run in the same condition has also been completed. The results show that the new alloy containing 0.2 wt.% carbon, 9 wt.% chromium, and 2 wt.% nickel is consisted of lath martensite entirely, and is more than two times superior to Mn13 cast steel in impact-corrosion-abrasion resistance. Spelling is the leading wear mechanism in impact-corrosion-abrasion condition for this alloy, which is lighter than that of high manganese steels because of its better hardness-toughness match.     

水泥立式磨高铬铸铁衬板的研制

对水泥立式磨衬板选材进行了分析,认为高铬铸铁可作为水泥立式磨衬板材质。介绍了适宜的铸造工艺对衬板耐磨性的贡献及衬板的热处理方法。实际使用效果表明,水泥立式磨衬板用高铬铸铁材质的寿命是高锰钢衬板的２～３倍。     

Development of microalloyed high-carbon steels for plough disks

Plough disks are often made of high-carbon steels with small additions of chromium (0.40 to 0.60%), in the as-quenched and tempered condition. As a consequence, they combine wear resistance with the tensile, fatigue, and impact strength necessary to withstand extremely adverse work conditions. In an effort to produce steels for this use with improved mechanical properties, four different steel compositions, all microalloyed with niobium, were produced for the present work. Two steels kept the basic chromium content of the commercial alloy (0.40 to 0.60%), while this element was replaced with manganese in the other two steels. The chromium and manganese steels were produced with two levels of niobium. The Jominy hardenability, tensile properties, and impact and wear resistance of these materials were evaluated. A microstructural characterization was also performed. The results show that the developed steels can have the required hardness and strength levels. The high-niobium steels showed the best wear resistance but the poorest impact toughness. The wear resistance of the low-niobium steels was slightly higher and the impact toughness slightly lower than in the commercial alloy. The low-niobium steels show potential for commercial use.     

提高高锰钢衬板性能的研究

为提高高锰钢板的使用寿命,对强韧化处理关键技术中的水韧处理工艺进行了试验;ＺＧＭｎ１３高锰钢在冶炼时加入少量合金元素（钨渣铁合金、ＲＥ）后,再采用水韧处理工艺,衬板耐磨性提高近１倍。     

Wear resistance of high chromium—high carbon cast irons

High chromium—high carbon experimental castings were produced using chilled moulds to study their resistance while subjected to erosive conditions. An experimental design in which the ratio of chromium over carbon equivalent, the amount of molybdenum and that of vanadium plus titanium were varied each in two different levels to obtain eight different casting conditions, The average size and volume fraction of the carbides present in the castings were determined by quantitative analysis. Samples cut from the ingots were subjected to wear in a specially designed rig that used directly reduced iron pellets as an erosive agent; the design is such that these particles impinge the samples after being impulsed by commercial purity nitrogen heated up to maintain a temperature of 550 °C. A multi-linear statistical model was developed to relate the wear resistance of the samples. It was found that resistance to wear was related to chemical composition, in such a way that the samples that exhibit higher wear were those with the higher amount of molybdenum. It was also found that the distribution of primary carbide sizes could affect resistance to wear.