用N2O-C2H2火焰原子吸收光谱法测定电解液中锂

简述运用N2O-C2H2火焰原子吸收光谱法进行镉镍电池电解液中锂含量的测定，并介绍了锂最佳测定条件及呈良好线性范围的浓度。同时对样品的干扰因素、消化处理条件，在综合分析的基础上提出了有效的测定方案。该测定方法灵敏度好，准确度与精密度均能满足镉镍电池研制工作的要求。测定样品锂含量相对标准偏差均小于1．0％（测定次数n=10），标准加入回收率均在97．0％，100．0％（n=6）范围内，达到了实验室分析质量与质量控制的要求，适用于电解液中锂含量的控制分析和样品系统分析。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定钯碳催化剂中钯含量

试样用王水溶解,于电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪波长324．270（103）nm,342．124（98）nm处测定钯量。测定范围：1％-10％。本法试验了测定条件及试样分析,RSD-0．76％-0．83％,回收率98．4％-101．4％,适用于钯碳催化剂中钯的测定。     

原子吸收光谱法测定钴溶液中的镍量

为了快速准确地测定钴溶液中镍的含量,本文通过实验,采用火焰原子吸收光谱法进行测定。在选定的最佳实验条件下,镍在0．50～2．OOug／mL范围内线性良好,其校正曲线的回归方程之相关系数均大于0．999。同时本文还系统研究了不同含量的钴基体对镍测定结果的干扰情况,当基体中钴含量大于20g／L时,对镍的测定干扰不可忽略,需要通过基体匹配方法来加以校正。该方法测定镍的检出限达0．022ug／mL,相对标准偏差为3．60-7．18％,镍的加标回收率在96．7～108．1％之间。该方法具有操作简单、重现性好、准确、快速等特点,完全满足车间对钴溶液中镍的质量控制分析需求。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定吡喹酮中镍的含量

目的建立测定吡喹酮中镍的含量方法。方法采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法,以连续光源校正,标准曲线法对吡喹酮中镍的含量测定．并进行方法学验证。结果标准曲线法所得法线性范围0-20μg／L,相关系数r=0．9998,回收率为95．1％-102．5％。结论本方法操作简单,结果稳定准确,灵敏度高,可有效控制吡喹酮的质量。     

利咽颗粒的绿原酸含量检验

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定利咽颗粒中绿原酸含量的方法。方法色谱柱为DiamondsilC18（4．6mm×150mm,5μm）,流动相为乙腈-0．4％磷酸（13：87）,检测波长327nm,流速1．0mL／mino结果线性范围为0．026～O．26μg（r=0．9999）,平均回收率为101．84％,RSD：0．48％（n=6）。结论该法简便、准确、稳定,可用于利咽颗粒的质量控制。     

中药双黄连药用成份含量分析

目的采用高效液相色谱法测定双黄连颗粒中绿原酸的含量。方法用外标-点法,Diamonsi lODS1 C18色谱柱,甲醇-水-冰醋酸（15：85：1）为流动相,流速为1．0mL／min,λ=324nm。结果绿原酸在0．060-1．210ug范围内呈良好线性,回归方程为Y=105427X＋586．43,r2=0．9995,平均加样回收率为99．3％,RSD=0．82％（n=6）。结论本方法简便、准确,专属性强,测定结果重复性好,为双黄连颗粒中绿原酸的定量分析提供了科学有效的方法。     

镍-钴／镍／镍-钴镀层的制备及电化学性能

采用直流和脉冲方法电沉积了镍-钴／镍／镍-钴多层镀层。通过SEM对镍-钴／钞镍-钴镀层的微观结构进行了表征,采用Tafel曲线外推法、交流阻抗法、阳极极化曲线法等方法对镍-钴／镍／镍-钴镀层在0．1mol／LH2SO4和1％NaCl混合溶液及10％NaOH溶液中的耐腐蚀性能进行了表征。结果显示：镍-钴／镍／镍-钴镀层的表面致密均一;在0．1mol／LH2SO4＋1％NaCl溶液中的腐蚀电位最正,传质电阻最大达到i642Q·cm2;在10％NaOH中钝化区为542mV,具有较好的钝化效果。     

HPLC测定妇科止带片中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的：建立妇科止带片中盐酸小檗碱的含量测定方法。方法：采用Hypersil ODS—C18色谱柱（1．6mm×250mm）,以水（1000ml水＋磷酸二氢钾1．7g＋十二烷基磺酸钠0．17g）-乙腈（58：42）为流动相,流速1．0mL·min-。,检测波长为345nm。结果：盐酸小檗碱在8．32μg·mL-1-166．4μg·mL-1的范围内呈良好线性关系,平均回收率为97．36％（RSD=0．56％）。结论：本方法操作简单,准确,季复性好,可用于妇科止带片的质量控制。     

阴离子（NO3－／Cl －／SO2－4）对 Ni（OH）2晶型及其结构稳定性的影响

采用超声波辅助沉淀法分别在单元掺杂、二元掺杂和不掺杂三种情况下制备了三种不同镍源的纳米氢氧化镍,研究三种阴离子（NO3－,Cl－,SO2－4）对产物晶相结构及稳定性的影响。结果表明：未掺杂时,半径较大的SO2－4离子有利于α‐Ni（OH）2的形成;在单掺杂Co（Ni2＋∶Co2＋＝1∶0．20）时,NO3－离子不仅有利于α‐Ni（OH）2的形成,而且可以使α‐Ni（OH）2在碱液中保持较高的稳定性;当复合掺杂Co／Cu（Ni2＋∶Co2＋∶Cu2＋＝1∶0．15∶0．05）时,三种镍源制得的样品均为纯α‐Ni（OH）2结构,但以Ni（NO3）2为镍源的α‐Ni（OH）2在碱液中结构稳定性较高,NiCl2次之,NiSO4较差。可见,α‐Ni（OH）2结构及稳定性既与掺杂情况有关,也与阴离子密切相关。     

研究HPLC法测定清瘟解毒片中芍药苷的含量

目的测定清瘟解毒片中芍药苷的含量。方法采用反相高效液相色谱法,Diamonsil C18桉,甲醇0．05mol／LKH2P04（体积比30：70）为流动相,流速为1．0mL·min-1,检测波长230nnq,柱温为室温。结果芍药营质量浓度在4．95～59．4μg／mL间具有良好的线性关系（r=0．9997）,芍药苷平均回收率为104．1％,方法精密度（RSD）为0．90％（n=6）。结论该法可用于清瘟解毒片中芍药苷的含量测定。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...