水解-微曝氧化沟工艺在造纸中段废水处理中的应用

采用水解-微曝氧化沟工艺处理四川永丰纸业股份有限公司造纸中段废水.实际运行情况表明,该工艺处理效果良好,避免了污泥膨胀,氧化沟混合液的MLSS达5～6g/L,系统CODCr去除率在90%以上,各项出水指标达到GB 8978-1996二级标准.     

ABR-氧化沟工艺处理造纸废水

西安渭丰纸业有限公司采用ABR-氧化沟工艺处理造纸废水，有效地去除废水中的有机污染物，处理后水质满足回用要求，耗水量降低到1.2～1.4m^3/t纸，成功地实现了废水零排放。     

水解/氧化沟工艺处理麦草制浆造纸中段废水

新乡新亚集团股份有限公司采用水解／卡鲁塞尔(Carrousel)氧化沟工艺处理麦草制浆造纸中段废水(设计规模为25000m3／d)，出水达到了GB 3544-2001《造纸工业水污染物排放标准》的要求。     

混凝沉淀+电氧化反应器联合处理造纸废水的试验研究

研究了采用混凝沉淀 电氧化反应器联合处理造纸废水工艺.首先对造纸废水进行混凝沉淀,先投加聚合氯化铝(PAC)120 mg/L,再投加聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)1.0 mg/L,对废水的CODCr去除率可达到75%.出水再利用电氧化反应器处理,电氧化反应器反应级数为一级,当电流密度15 mA/cm2、反应时间140 min时,对废水的CODCr的再次去除率可达90%以上,并可提高废水的可生化性.采用混凝沉淀与电氧化反应器联合处理造纸废水,处理效果好,出水稳定,对废水中CODCr、悬浮物、色度均有很高的去除效率,是造纸废水适宜的处理技术.     

Fenton氧化法处理造纸废水的研究进展

文章概述了Fenton氧化法处理造纸废水的原理和特点,系统介绍了Fenton氧化法,特别是Fenton氧化法与其他处理方法联合使用处理造纸废水的相关研究进展,并对今后Fenton氧化法处理造纸废水的研究提出了建议。     

二氧化钛粉体的制备、表征及其应用

为了获得活性更高的光催化剂，利用溶胶一凝胶法制备了TiO2并对其进行了表征，将自制样品应用于光催化氧化处理纸厂废水。实验结果表明此粉体为锐钛矿型纳米颗粒，其活性高于市售纳米粉体；应用此粉体光催化氧化处理造纸废水可使废水COD和浊度的去除率分别达94％和97％，使处理后废水达到排放标准，也使废水的色度得到很大程度的去除。可见提高光催化剂的活性使光催化氧化法处理造纸废水工业化是可行的。     

甲壳素负载金属离子催化氧化处理造纸废水的研究

以甲壳素负载金属离子(Pd2 )利用空气中的氧气催化氧化处理造纸废水,得到了负载金属离子的甲壳素对造纸废水进行催化氧化处理的较佳工艺条件.废水的pH为6.0～9.0,空气流量5.0L/min,Pd-甲壳素与废水质量比1.2×10-3,反应时间4.0 h,处理效率在82%左右.     

造纸废水深度处理工艺探讨

根据造纸废水水质特点及造纸废水特别排放限值要求,分析了造纸废水深度处理的必要性和思路,综述了臭氧氧化、Fenton氧化、膜生物反应器、曝气生物滤池及膜分离法等技术的主要工艺原理及其在造纸废水深度处理中的应用,提出造纸废水深度处理工艺需综合分析确定可行的工艺方案。     

O3/H2O2联用工艺深度处理制浆造纸废水的试验研究

制浆造纸废水对水环境的污染十分严重,对其进行深度处理,势在必行,同时对废水深度处理技术的研究和应用也有着重要的意义。本文采用O3/H2O2工艺深度处理制浆造纸废水,考察了臭氧氧化法以及臭氧和过氧化氢联合工艺对废水COD、色度的去除效果和影响因素。结果表明,采用O3/H2O2联合工艺深度处理制浆造纸废水,效果显著,最终可将废水COD从300 mg.L-1降至95.250 mg.L-1,色度由350倍降至4倍以下,出水浊度小于5 NTU基本达到污水回用标准。     

AB-卡鲁塞尔氧化沟处理制浆综合废水

制浆综合废水是成分复杂、COD含量高、难处理的高浓度废水.AB-卡鲁塞尔氧化沟具有耐冲击负荷能力强、去除率高、电耗低等特点.通过选择适宜的工艺流程和参数,利用AB-卡鲁塞尔氧化沟可以经济有效地处理制浆综合废水.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。