共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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含碳硼烷多肽衍生物的设计和应用得到越来越多人们的关注,尤其是作为硼中子俘获治疗(boron neutron capture therapy, BNCT)硼携带剂用于治疗恶性肿瘤极具发展前景。BNCT利用10B与中子俘获反应,放出α粒子杀死肿瘤细胞。作为一种二元靶向疗法,其成功关键就是硼携带剂的靶向性和亲和力的效果,当前如何设计更高效的硼携带剂是BNCT发展的主要问题。多肽作为生物必需物质,增加其衍生物靶向性的同时被肿瘤特异性摄取,是含碳硼烷多肽化合物作为硼携带剂极大的优势。本文首次对已报导的含碳硼烷多肽衍生物进行分类总结,并评估作为硼携带剂应用于中子俘获治疗的发展潜力。对含碳硼烷多肽衍生物的总结,将为新一代硼携带剂设计用于中子俘获治疗发展提供研究动力。 相似文献
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7Li(p,n)反应以中子产额大、反应阈能低等优点成为硼中子俘获治疗加速器驱动中子源所用中子反应的候选类型之一。本文重点研究了该中子产生反应作为加速器驱动中子源的中子产额及其能谱特性,并对产生的高能中子束流进行慢化,使其满足BNCT治疗要求。首先采用蒙特卡罗程序MCNPX2.5.0模拟加速器7Li(p,n)反应过程,得到1.9 3.0 MeV能量入射质子的中子产额及其能谱,并详细研究了质子入射能量为2.5 MeV的最佳条件下产生的中子束流特性;进而提出中子束流的慢化设计方案,并对慢化所得超热中子束品质进行分析研究。模拟计算结果表明,10 mA流量的2.5 MeV能量入射质子所产生的中子束经过慢化处理后,可以很好地满足硼中子俘获治疗的中子束流要求。 相似文献
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利用蒙特卡罗方法分别模拟砂岩和石灰岩地层渗钆前后的热中子计数及俘获伽马能谱,研究利用渗钆前后的热中子计数率比R及俘获伽马能谱的计数比n(Gd)/n(H)确定饱和度的方法,确定R及n(Gd)/n(H)与孔隙度Φ、渗钆浓度、饱和度和岩性等影响因素的关系。 相似文献
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本文进行了多种配比和成分载Gd量为0.5%的载钆液闪溶液研制和载钆液闪探测器制作,并进行了中子与伽玛分辨性能测试,通过实验得到在萘质量含量为7.5%时,可得到较好的中子与伽玛的分辨性能,优化了载钆液闪成分;利用252Cf裂变电离室的裂变碎片信号作为开门信号,以载钆液闪探测器的阳极信号作为关门信号,通过符合测量的方法得到了252Cf裂变中子在载Gd量为0.5%的φ13 cm×30 cm载钆液闪探测器中的中子俘获时间分布。结果表明,中子俘获时间主要集中在约30us以内,中子俘获平均时间为11us。 相似文献
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基于加速器的硼中子俘获治疗(AB-BNCT)设备是一种基于加速器产生的超热中子的癌症治疗装置,可以建在人口密集地区的医院。BNCT治疗对于中子注量率和各种沾污有严格的要求,为满足这些要求需对中子束流整形装置进行优化设计。本文以14 MeV回旋加速器为基础,研究了一种基于遗传算法的束流整形装置(BSA)的优化设计方案,利用遗传算法对束流整形装置内部材料及尺寸进行设计优化。结果表明,该方法可高效地实现多目标优化设计。该方法经过修改能够用于核工程其他相关领域的设计。 相似文献
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硼中子俘获疗法(boron neutron capture therapy,BNCT)是一种可以选择性杀伤肿瘤细胞的放射疗法,硼(10 B)化合物携带剂注入人体后,会选择性富集于肿瘤细胞,与中子发生俘获反应,释放α粒子和7Li粒子杀死肿瘤。BNCT以靶向治疗、低毒高效等优势成为了放射治疗领域的新型手段。从上世纪开始,硼中子俘获疗法已在世界各国崭露头角并逐渐发展起来,已经能够成功治疗脑胶质瘤、黑色素瘤等多种疾病。目前,BNCT面临着如何研发创新更高效的含硼药物,建立更为精确的硼剂量测量体系,以及医用中子源如何摆脱核反应堆等问题。本文对BNCT的原理、优势、进展以及所面临的问题进行简要综述与探究。 相似文献
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《同位素》2007,20(4):193-198
The thermal neutron count and capture gamma ray spectroscopy before and after gadolinium seeping into sandstone and limestone formation are simulated by Monte Carlo Method, and the determination method of oil saturation is studied by using the thermal neutron count rate ratio and the n(Gd)/n(H) of capture gamma spectrum before and after gadolinium seeping. In addition, the relations of ratio with influence factors such as porosity, salinity of gadolinium seeping, saturation and lithology are given. 相似文献
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J.L. Gräfe F.E. McNeill S.H. Byun D.R. Chettle M.D. Noseworthy 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2010,268(15):2451-2457
Gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents are a valuable diagnostic aid for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The amount of free Gd deposited in tissues following contrast enhanced MRI is of toxicological concern. The McMaster University in vivo prompt gamma neutron activation analysis facility has been adapted for the detection of Gd in the kidney, liver, and the leg muscle. A simple model of the HPGe detector used for detection of the prompt γ-rays following Gd neutron capture has been created using Monte Carlo simulation. A separate simulation describing the neutron collimation and shielding apparatus has been modified to determine the neutron capture rate in the Gd phantoms. The MCNP simulation results have been confirmed by experimental measurement. The deviations between MCNP and the experiment were between 1% and 18%, with an average deviation of 3.8 ± 6.7%. The validated MCNP model is to be used to improve the Gd in vivo measurement sensitivity by determining the best neutron moderator/reflector arrangement. 相似文献
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中子照相是十分重要的无损检测方法之一,尤其是针对含氢材料、同位素等的无损检测,中子照相技术具有其他射线成像不可比拟的优势。中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所基于紧凑型D-T中子源,研发了可移动中子成像检测仪,成功实现了热中子照相和快中子照相实验检测。为确定基于该装置开展热中子层析检测的可行性,本文进行了数值模拟计算,利用该仪器开展了针对轻重材料模拟件的热中子层析成像实验,利用采集的181幅投影图像,在图像信噪较低和采集幅数较少条件下,成功重建了铝和聚乙烯材料包裹下的0.2 mm直径的钆丝。 相似文献
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医院中子照射器是基于微型反应堆而设计的专门用于硼中子俘获治疗(BNCT)的核反应堆装置,其额定功率为30 kW。在堆芯相对两侧分别设有一条热中子束流和超热中子束流用于病人照射,在热中子束流内引出一条实验用热中子束流,用于瞬发γ法测量病人血硼浓度。本工作利用235U裂变靶和白云母探测片测量了热、超热和实验用热中子束流出口处的热中子绝对注量率。结果显示,在30 kW额定功率运行时,热、超热和实验用热中子束流出口处的热中子注量率分别为1.67×109、2.44×107和3.03×106 cm-2•s-1。以上结果达到了BNCT设计要求,并能满足瞬发γ测量血硼浓度的要求。 相似文献
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Tetsuo Matsumoto 《Progress in Nuclear Energy》2000,37(1-4):327-332
Neutron beam designs were studied for TRIGA reactor with a view to generating thermal, epithermal and fast neutron beams for both medical neutron capture therapy (NCT) and industrial neutron radiography (NR). The beams are delivered from thermal and thermalizing columns, and also horizontal beam hole. Several prospective neutron filters (high-density graphite (G), bismuth (Bi), single-crystal silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), aluminum fluoride (AlF3) and lead fluoride (PbF2)) were examined for obtaining sufficiently intense neutron beam for various applications. Monte Carlo calculations indicated that with a suitable neutron filter arrangement, thermal and epithermal neutron beams attaining 2×109 and 7×108 n cm−2S−1, respectively, could be obtainable from thermal and thermalizing columns with the reactor operating at 100 kW. These neutron beams could be adopted for boron neutron capture therapy. Compared with these columns, horizontal beam port would deliver neutron fluxes of 10−2 10−3 lower intensity, but produced thermal and neutron beams would be adequate for different application of nondestructive inspection by neutron radiography. 相似文献
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Xingcai Guan Masanobu Manabe Isao Murata Tieshan Wang 《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2013,50(4):503-508
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a promising cancer therapy. Epi-thermal neutron (0.5 eV < En < 10 keV) flux intensity is one of the basic characteristics for modern BNCT. In this work, based on the 71Ga(n,γ)72Ga reaction, a new simple monitor with gallium nitride (GaN) wafer as activation material was designed by Monte Carlo simulations to precisely measure the absolute integral flux intensity of epi-thermal neutrons especially for practical BNCT. In the monitor, a GaN wafer was positioned in the center of a polyethylene sphere as neutron moderator covered with cadmium (Cd) layer as thermal neutron absorber outside. The simulation results and related analysis indicated that the epi-thermal neutron flux intensity could be precisely measured by the presently designed monitor. 相似文献
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