共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 173 毫秒
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氢能是“双碳”下推动化石能源低碳转型的重要方向,微生物暗发酵制氢是实现生物质绿氢转化的有效途径。其中,利用具有量子尺寸效应、比表面积大和电导率高的金属纳米颗粒(MNPs)优化暗发酵制氢技术是近年研究热点。综述和评论了国内外添加MNPs用于优化暗发酵制氢性能的作用机制、技术难点和制氢效果等,重点阐述并比较了铁、镍和锌基三类热门MNPs优化策略在提高产氢酶系活性、增强代谢产氢途径和优化微生物群落结构等方面的作用,展望了暗发酵制氢可深入MNPs优化氢化酶活性、拓宽生物质发酵底物以及产氢菌筛选和反应器设计、生物质发酵技术开发等研究方向和应用前景。 相似文献
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高浓度有机废水发酵法制取氢气技术 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
利用两相厌氧高浓度有机废水处理的产酸相制取氢气技术引起世界的普遍关注。介绍了厌氧发酵生物制氢系统的产氢机理、工艺流程与设计、工程控制参数等许多技术问题。认为发酵产氢微生物有丁酸型发酵、乙醇型发酵和甲酸裂解等3种产氢代谢途径。工艺设计以活性污泥的混合培养为主要形式,也发展了细菌的纯培养或辅之细胞固定化工艺。目前已经分离出肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)、梭状芽孢杆菌属(Clostridium)、柠檬酸菌属(Citrobacter)和新型乙醇型发酵产氢细菌等菌属的发酵产氢细菌,这些菌种除了可以纯培养制氢外,还可以进行投入反应系统进行生物强化和细胞固定化技术应用。乙醇型发酵生物制氢理论(双碳发酵产氢学说或理论)指导下发酵法混合培养生物制氢工艺已分别进行了小试和中试,并将进入生产示范工程阶段。 相似文献
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活性污泥降解有机物制氢技术 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
生物制氢技术在世界范围受到了极大重视,产氢机理的研究对于制氢技术的发展有着重要的作用。本文在前人研究的基础上,对活性污泥厌氧发酵产氢的多种途径和机理进行了全面探讨,认为活性污泥利用甲酸、丙酮酸、各种脂肪酸等有机物,淀粉纤维素等糖类产氢途径主要是丙酮酸脱氢和NADH/NAD平衡调节产氢气,发酵类型有丙酸型发酵、以及乙醇型发酵,同时对国内外研究现状进行评述,提出今后的研究方向。 相似文献
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阐述了7类生物制氢系统的产氢机理、影响因素以及提高产氢率和产氢量的方法,介绍了国外最新的研究进展。光发酵生物制氢技术和厌氧发酵生物制氢技术是研究的热点,而厌氧发酵由于产氢效率较高而成为最具潜力的生物制氢技术之一。光合-发酵杂交技术不仅减少了所需光能,而且增加了氢气产量,同时也彻底降解了有机物,使该技术成为生物制氢技术的发展方向。 相似文献
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吴奕禄 《中国石油和化工标准与质量》2018,(15)
传统能源的开发利用引起的环境污染、资源利用率低、资源严重短缺等一系列问题,在一定程度上严重地阻碍了社会经济的发展。氢气是一种可再生新能源,具有环保、成本低、产量大的特点,利用微生物之间的相互作用来制备氢气是一种绿色环保的制氢技术。本文以微生物联合制氢为核心,并联合暗发酵细菌生物进行制氢的研究以及对联合制氢的应用基础进行了详细地分析。 相似文献
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利用厌氧细菌暗发酵产氢和光合细菌光发酵产氢的优势和互补协同作用而联合起来的两步法制氢,探讨不同底物浓度对厌氧发酵阶段产氢的影响、厌氧发酵时间对产氢发酵过程的影响;光合微生物发酵随发酵时间的产氢情况。结果表明,葡萄糖浓度对厌氧生物产氢有很大的影响, 15 g/L 的葡萄糖浓度有较好的产氢量。葡萄糖利用率和挥发性脂肪酸的总量随厌氧发酵时间的变化情况表明,在厌氧发酵阶段,以葡萄糖为底物,最佳的葡萄糖浓度为 15 g/L。在 37 h 的葡萄糖利用率达到 72.08%,挥发性脂肪酸总量达到 9 326.3 mg/L,每克葡萄糖累计产氢量为 182 mL。在厌氧发酵时间 37 h 时把厌氧发酵的产物移到光合发酵反应器,接种位于生长对数期的光合细菌群,调节培养液的pH值和加入光源进行光合产氢,88 h 时每克葡萄糖累计产氢达到 352 mL,两步联合制氢每克葡萄糖累计产氢量共可达到 534 mL。 相似文献
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Isaac T. Yonemoto Hamilton O. Smith Philip D. Weyman 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(1):2020-2033
Photobiological hydrogen production is an attractive, carbon-neutral means to convert solar energy to hydrogen. We build on previous research improving the Alteromonas macleodii “Deep Ecotype” [NiFe] hydrogenase, and report progress towards creating an artificial electron transfer pathway to supply the hydrogenase with electrons necessary for hydrogen production. Ferredoxin is the first soluble electron transfer mediator to receive high-energy electrons from photosystem I, and bears an electron with sufficient potential to efficiently reduce protons. Thus, we engineered a hydrogenase-ferredoxin fusion that also contained several other modifications. In addition to the C-terminal ferredoxin fusion, we truncated the C-terminus of the hydrogenase small subunit, identified as the available terminus closer to the electron transfer region. We also neutralized an anionic patch surrounding the interface Fe-S cluster to improve transfer kinetics with the negatively charged ferredoxin. Initial screening showed the enzyme tolerated both truncation and charge neutralization on the small subunit ferredoxin-binding face. While the enzyme activity was relatively unchanged using the substrate methyl viologen, we observed a marked improvement from both the ferredoxin fusion and surface modification using only dithionite as an electron donor. Combining ferredoxin fusion and surface charge modification showed progressively improved activity in an in vitro assay with purified enzyme. 相似文献
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Jae-Hwa Lee Dong-Geun Lee Jae-Il Park Ji-Youn Kim 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2010,27(1):187-192
The aim of this study was to determine how bio-hydrogen production was related to the composition of the bacterial community
in a dark fermentation fed with marine brown algae (Laminaria japonica). The bacterial diversity was ascertained by 16S rDNA PCR-sequencing. A total of 444 mL of bio-hydrogen was produced from
10 g/L of dry algae in a 100 mL of culture fluid for 62 h. The pH varied from 8.74 to 7.05. Active bio-hydrogen production
was observed from 24 to 48 h, and maximum bio-hydrogen production was 106 mL over 1 L gas. The bacterial community of the
activated sludge consisted of 6 phyla, where H2 producing and consuming bacteria coexisted. The only detectable bacterial phylum after bio-hydrogen generation with heat-treated
(65 °C, 20 min) seeding was Firmicutes. Clostridium and Bacillus species constituted 54% and 46%, respectively, of the bacterial mixture and the most abundant species was Clostridium beijierinckii (34%). These results may provide a better understanding of how different biohydrogen communities affect hydrogen production
and aid in the optimization of bio-hydrogen production. 相似文献
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Efficient H2 oxidation and production by hydrogenase enzymes has attracted much interest because of the possibilities it raises for clean energy cycling without the need for precious metal catalysts. Although hydrogenases are extremely active electrocatalysts, high surface-area electrode structures will be necessary if the enzymes are to find application in energy technologies. Taking inspiration from fuel cell electrode assemblies, in which metal nanoparticles are commonly mounted on particulate carbon supports encased in polymer electrolyte, we show that high surface-area hydrogenase electrodes can be constructed from enzyme-loaded pyrolytic graphite particles in pH-neutralised Nafion. Pyrolytic graphite is the favoured surface for direct electrochemistry of many redox proteins, and on sanding, yields micron-dimension platelike particles. By modifying graphite platelets with hydrogenase before assembling the particles into a network, we ensure a high, uniform enzyme coverage. Incorporation of hydrogenases into high surface-area conducting network electrodes enhanced electrocatalytic H2 oxidation currents by 30-times compared to values obtained for a planar hydrogenase electrode, while retaining efficient conductivity and H2 mass transport through the network. This approach should make it possible to directly compare enzyme and precious metal electrocatalysis and to benchmark what opportunities are possible with selective enzyme catalysts. 相似文献
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为了解决厌氧发酵系统中氢分压限制种间氢扩散速率问题,利用金属-有机骨架ZIF-8衍生多孔碳材料促进乙醇厌氧发酵生产甲烷,探究其对微生物种间电子传递的增强机理。扫描电镜SEM表明ZIF-8衍生多孔碳起到菌群固定化作用,并且能促进纳米导线产生。实验结果表明,随着ZIF-8衍生多孔碳添加量的增加,甲烷产量和最大产甲烷速率逐渐提高。添加200 mg/L ZIF-8衍生多孔碳时,系统导电性提高了3.58倍,三维荧光光谱分析表明ZIF-8衍生多孔碳能够促进微生物胞外聚合物(EPS)中类富里酸的相对含量由18.0%提高到23.6%,对应的甲烷产量和最大产甲烷速率分别增加了18.81%和19.04%。 相似文献
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Metal-organic framework carbide enhances interspecies electron transfer to produce methane
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To solve the problem that the hydrogen partial pressure in the anaerobic fermentation system limits the hydrogen diffusion rate among species, porous metal materials derived from the metal-organic framework ZIF-8 are used to promote the anaerobic fermentation of ethanol to produce methane, and the mechanism for enhancing the electron transfer between microorganism species is explored. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that ZIF-8 derived porous carbon plays immobilized role of microbial communities and promotes nanowires generation. The results show that the methane yield and the maximum methane production rate increase with an increase of ZIF-8 derived porous carbon addition. When 200 mg/L ZIF-8 derived porous carbon is added, the system conductivity increases by 3.58-fold. Moreover, three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy analysis (3D-EEM) showed that ZIF-8 derived porous carbon promotes the relative content of fulvic acid in extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) from 18.0% to 23.6%, corresponding to methane yield and maximum methane production rate increasing by 18.81% and 19.04% respectively. 相似文献