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1.
刘潜  张香兰  李巍 《化工学报》2018,69(12):5100-5111
低温煤焦油中酚类化合物的分离对其充分利用具有重要意义。基于COSMO-RS模型,以间甲酚和异丙苯作为模型化合物,研究了离子液体在分离油酚体系中的应用;利用Turbomole软件建立了包含27种离子液体阴离子和48种离子液体阳离子的s-图谱数据库,结合COSMOtherm软件对组成的1296种离子液体进行筛选,探讨了阴阳离子对间甲酚分离效果的影响,并对筛选得到适宜的离子液体进行液液相平衡实验验证。结果表明,离子液体阴离子对间甲酚分离效果影响较大,以Cl-和CH3COO-为阴离子的离子液体与间甲酚之间具有较强的氢键相互作用,因此具有较好的分离效果;阳离子对间甲酚分离效果影响较小,碳链或支链的增加能适当提高离子液体对间甲酚的分离效果。实验得到的bmimOAc、bmimCl、emimOAc、TPAC四种离子液体-间甲酚-异丙苯的液液相平衡数据表明,四种离子液体对间甲酚均具有较大的分配系数和选择性,且萃取分离效果的顺序为:emimOAc > bmimOAc > TPAC > bmimCl,与COSMO-RS模拟筛选得到的结果一致,表明筛选具有较高的准确性。  相似文献   

2.
《化学工程》2016,(3):15-21
采用COSMO-RS方法预测1,8-桉叶油素、柠檬烯、对聚散花素和γ-松油烯在离子液体中的选择性和溶解能力。结果表明:对选择性和溶解能力影响最好的阴离子为[NTf_2]~-。阳离子对1,8-桉叶油素、柠檬烯、对聚散花素和γ-松油烯的选择性和溶解能力一般遵从如下规律:溶解能力的强弱和选择性大小呈现相反的趋势;离子液体中烷基取代基的碳链长度越长、数目越多,与桉叶油的溶解能力越强,选择性反而越弱。含有羧基、羟基、胺基及不完全取代的铵盐类离子液体在分离1,8-桉叶油素的实际应用中前景较好。  相似文献   

3.
采用COSMO-RS方法探究了不同离子液体在分离乙酸乙酯-乙腈共沸物系中的应用;通过预测值与实验值的对比,验证了COSMO-thermX预测离子液体分离效果的准确性。离子液体的选择性和不同离子液体对乙酸乙酯-乙腈近沸点处相对挥发度的影响为指标,计算和分析了17种阳离子和13种阴离子组成的221种离子液体对乙酸乙酯-乙腈共沸物系的分离效果的影响规律。结果表明,含有[OAc]和[Cl]的离子液体对于乙酸乙酯-乙腈混合物的分离具有更好的促进效果,而阳离子的变化对于乙酸乙酯-乙腈混合物分离的促进效果差异较小。应用表面电荷密度分布(σ-profile)进一步研究了阴离子[OAc]和[Cl]对共沸物的影响,研究发现,阴离子[OAc]和[Cl]对乙酸乙酯-乙腈的分离效果影响顺序为[OAc]>[Cl];综合筛选结果,得出离子液体[BMIM][OAc]有望在乙酸乙酯-乙腈共沸混合物分离过程中成为一种高效的萃取剂。  相似文献   

4.
离子液体(ILs)和低共熔溶剂(DESs)作为一类新型的绿色溶剂,由于其独特的物理化学性质,在混合物分离方面已经受到了研究者的广泛关注,因此逐渐成为绿色化学领域的研究重点。针对特定的分离过程,选择合适的溶剂是非常重要的,然而,由于ILs和DESs种类较多,结构复杂,通过实验的方法逐一进行筛选费时费力、成本高,且几乎不可能找到最优选择,因此应用理论计算模型对ILs和DESs进行筛选是非常有必要的。真实溶剂类导体屏蔽模型(COSMO-RS模型)是一种由量子化学计算与统计热力学方法相结合的预测模型,它可以在不需要实验数据的情况下预测液体混合物的热力学性质,已经被研究者广泛用作各种分离问题的快速筛选工具。整理了应用COSMO-RS模型筛选ILs/DESs用于各种油中酚类、含氮化合物、含硫化合物、萜类化合物、天然维生素E的萃取分离,以及CO2捕获和共沸混合物等的分离过程,表明COSMO-RS模型用于特定混合物萃取溶剂的筛选是快速有效的,可为难分离混合物分离过程中ILs/DESs的预筛选提供有价值的参考。  相似文献   

5.
6.
新型离子液体用于芳烃、烯烃与烷烃分离的初步研究   总被引:11,自引:1,他引:11  
朱吉钦  陈健  费维扬 《化工学报》2004,55(12):2091-2094
The separation of aromatic hydrocarbons or olefins from paraffins is very important in chemical industry. The volatile organic solvents used are usually harmful to environment and human health. As green solvents, room temperature ionic liquids are potential substitutes for the separation of hydrocarbon products. Activity coefficients at infinite dilution of hydrocarbon solutes, such as alkanes, hexenes,alkylbenzenes and styrene, in 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate ( [BMIM] [PF6]), 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ( [AMIM] [BF4] ), 1-isobutenyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ( [MPMIM] [BF4]) and [MPMIM] [BF4] AgBF4 were determined by gas-liquid chromatography. The measurements were carried out at different temperatures between 298.15 K and 318. 15 K. The separation effects of these ionic liquids for olefin/paraffin, alkanes/benzene and hexene isomers were discussed.  相似文献   

7.
采用基于COSMO-SAC模型的分子筛选方法,对作为甲苯蒸气吸收剂的咪唑类离子液体进行了筛选。建立了100种常见的N,N'-二烷基咪唑阳离子与阴离子构成的咪唑类离子液体的s-谱图,在此基础上计算了303.15 K下离子液体对甲苯的吸收势,并以此为热力学评价标准对吸收剂进行筛选。选取6种离子液体进行甲苯蒸气的吸收实验,通过其饱和吸收量验证此方法的可行性。研究表明,实验和分子筛选结果相吻合。利用Gaussian 09软件进行微观结构分析,计算了离子液体阳离子与甲苯的相互作用能。对进气浓度和进气速度等动力学因素的影响进行探究,在条件为303.15 K、进气浓度为10000 mg·m-3、进气速度为0.05 m3·h-1情况下,离子液体对甲苯的初始吸收率高达96.2%。此外,实验验证了离子液体随着重复利用次数的增加,其吸收效果基本不变。  相似文献   

8.
以1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐([EMIM][OAC])为基准,通过分别在阴阳离子上修饰胺基(-NH2)、羟基(-OH)、腈基(-CN)、卤素(Br、F)等,虚拟设计了15 种阳离子和21 种阴离子组成的离子液体(IL)。采用基于COSMO-RS 模型的COSMOthermX 软件计算了所设计的离子液体对乙腈-水混合物恒压汽液相平衡的影响,探索了修饰基团的种类、离子液体结构对乙腈相对挥发度的影响规律。研究发现,在阳离子碳链上修饰-NH2,阴离子(醋酸根和丙酸根)羰基的邻碳上进行单一的-OH 修饰能促进乙腈与水的分离,且阳离子修饰的-NH2 数越多,促进分离的效果越明显,其他嫁接方式未取得好的分离效果。虚拟设计的两种阳离子(1-胺乙基-3-甲基咪唑、2,2,2-三胺乙基-3-甲基咪唑)与3 种阴离子(羟基乙酸、2-羟基丙酸、2-羟基-3-胺基丙酸)组合的离子液体分离效果明显比[EMIM][OAC]好。  相似文献   

9.
离子液体脱除SO2技术的研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
离子液体(ILs)具有独特的物理化学性质,在烟气脱硫领域引起了广泛的关注.本文综述了近年来离子液体在脱硫方面的研究进展,介绍了离子液体(ILs)的特点和用于烟气脱硫的优势,评述了胍类、醇胺类、咪唑类和己内酰胺类等脱硫离子液体的溶解性能、吸收机理以及优缺点.ILs吸收SO2有物理吸收、化学吸收以及二者同时存在的3种机理,...  相似文献   

10.
用于脱除酸性气体的离子液体型吸收剂研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
介绍了近年来针对二氧化碳、二氧化硫等酸性气体脱除领域的离子液体型吸收剂的研究进展,阐述了这些离子液体型吸收剂吸收酸性气体不同的机理,评价了常规离子液体、功能化离子液体和离子液体型聚合物等吸收剂的优缺点,对离子液体型吸收剂用于实际应用尚存在的问题提出了建议,并对其发展前景进行了展望.  相似文献   

11.
Considering that the predictive UNIFAC model is highly valuable for the solvent selection, process design and optimization of separation tasks, a large extension of this model to ionic liquid (IL)–solute systems is presented by combining experimental and COSMO-RS derived databases. The experimental infinite dilution activity coefficient (γ) data of different solutes in ILs are first collected exhaustively to extend UNIFAC-IL to cover all involved IL and conventional functional groups. Afterwards, the experimental and COSMO-RS calculated γ are compared for different types of solutes to evaluate the potential of using COSMO-RS predictions as quasi-experimental data for further UNIFAC-IL extension. In the cases where COSMO-RS can provide quantitatively accurate predictions after calibration, additional γ database is specifically generated to regress more group interaction parameters in the UNIFAC-IL model. Finally, a large experimental liquid–liquid and vapor–liquid equilibria database is collected and employed to evaluate the predictive performance of the obtained γ-based UNIFAC-IL model.  相似文献   

12.
13.
The separations of olefin/paraffin, aromatic/aliphatic hydrocarbons or olefin isomers using ionic liquids instead of volatile solvents have interested many researchers. Activity coefficients γ at infinite dilution of a solute in ionic liquid are generally used in the selection of solvents for extraction or extractive distillation. In fact, the measurement of γ −8 by gas-liquid chromatography is a speedy and cost-saving method. Activity coefficients at infinite dilution of hydrocarbon solutes, such as alkanes, hexenes, alkylbenzenes, styrene, in 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([AMIM][BF4]) and 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM][PF6]), 1-isobutenyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([MPMIM][BF4]) and [MPMIM][BF4]-AgBF4 have been determined by gas-liquid chromatography using ionic liquids as stationary phase. The measurements were carried out at different temperatures from 298 to 318 K. The separating effects of these ionic liquids for alkanes/hexane, aliphatic hydrocarbons/benzene and hexene isomers have been discussed. The hydrophobic parameter, dipole element, frontier molecular orbital energy gap and hydration energy of these hydrocarbons were calculated with the PM3 semi-empirical quantum chemistry method. The quantitative relations among the computed structure parameters and activity coefficients at infinite dilution were also developed. The experimental activity coefficient data are consistent with the correlated and predicted results using QSPR models.  相似文献   

14.
面向离子液体应用于萃取精馏,讨论了离子液体体系汽液平衡测定的液相配制、气相分析方法,提出了改进的气相回流器和沸腾器结构。基本思路来源于韩世钧先生研究团队发展的汽液平衡测定的拟静态法和置换法,以及能够主动提供气化中心的沸腾器结构。提出了液相组成计算方法和误差估计,适用于含多个挥发性组分和多个非挥发性组分体系的任意组分。上述方法能够实测获得挥发性组分的活度系数,并避免较为繁琐的含离子液体液相的分析。通过连续配制测定,能够获得活度系数随组成的变化规律,并应用于萃取精馏溶剂性能的评价及筛选。  相似文献   

15.
The deficiency of mass‐transfer properties in ionic liquids (ILs) has become a bottleneck in developing the novel IL‐based CO2 capture processes. In this study, the liquid‐side mass‐transfer coefficients (kL) were measured systematically in a stirred cell reactor by the decreasing pressure method at temperatures ranging from 303 to 323 K and over a wide range of IL concentrations from 0 to 100 wt %. Based on the data of kL, the kinetics of chemical absorption of CO2 with mixed solvents containing 30 wt % monoethanolamine (MEA) and 0–70 wt % ILs were investigated. The kL in IL systems is influenced not only by the viscosity but also the molecular structures of ILs. The enhancement factors and the reaction activation energy were quantified. Considering both the mass‐transfer rates and the stability of IL in CO2 absorption system, the new IL‐based system MEA + [bmim][NO3] + H2O is recommended. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 2929–2939, 2014  相似文献   

16.
刘维伟  胡松  陈文  向军  孙路石  苏胜 《化工学报》2012,63(1):139-145
合成了两种传统型离子液体[bmim]BF4和[emim]BF4及含有胺基和羟基的功能型离子液体[NH2P-mim]Br、[NH2-e-mim]BF4、[OH-e-mim]Br,并对合成的离子液体进行IR和1H NMR表征。常温常压条件下,对所合成的离子液体开展CO2吸收性能实验,发现胺基改性离子液体[NH2P-mim]Br、[NH2-e-mim]BF4和羟基改性离子液体[OH-e-mim]Br的CO2饱和吸收量分别是常规离子液体的3~9倍和1~2倍,且含有乙基官能团的离子液体吸收平衡时间普遍较短。最终探讨了温度、CO2分压等对功能型离子液体吸收CO2过程的影响。  相似文献   

17.
刘潜  张香兰  李志平  栗卓琦  喻红 《化工学报》2022,73(11):5011-5024
离子液体作为萃取溶剂已广泛用于油酚混合物的分离,但由于阴阳离子的可调控性,不同离子液体的性质差异较大,快速筛选得到具有应用前景的离子液体至关重要。针对间甲酚-异丙苯分离体系,采用COSMO-RS模型考察不同阴阳离子结构对离子液体分离性能的影响,并通过分子间相互作用能进行分析。在此基础上,提出一种多尺度的离子液体筛选方法,该方法包含无限稀释热力学性质计算、物性估算、相平衡关系计算和过程性能评价。该多尺度方法从分子尺度到单级平衡尺度,再到多级平衡尺度对离子液体进行逐步筛选。结果表明,1-乙基吡啶硫氰酸盐([C2py][SCN])和1-乙基吡啶双氰胺盐([C2py][DCA])是最终筛选得到的两种更具有油酚分离应用前景的离子液体。  相似文献   

18.
苏晓琳  宋军  杨敬一  徐心茹 《化工进展》2016,35(4):1081-1086
研究了不同磷酸基咪唑离子液体对煤焦油柴油馏分中氮化物的脱除效果.分别以磷酸酯和磷酸二氢根为阴离子合成了烷基碳链长度不同的咪唑磷酸酯和咪唑磷酸二氢盐离子液体,考察了不同条件下离子液体对煤焦油柴油馏分的脱氮效果.结果表明,酸性咪唑磷酸二氢盐离子液体脱氮效果优于咪唑磷酸酯离子液体,1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑磷酸二氢盐([BMim]H2PO4)离子液体的脱氮效果最佳.在剂油质量比为0.2、反应温度为40℃、反应时间和静置时间均为30min的条件下,[BMim]H2PO4对煤焦油柴油馏分的脱氮率为92.3%,循环使用5次后仍具有稳定的脱氮效果.  相似文献   

19.
    
The heat capacity of ionic liquids is an important physical property,and experimental measuring is usually used as a common method to obtain them.Owing to the huge number of ionic liquids that can be potentially synthesized,it is desirable to acquire theoretical predictions.In this work,the Conductor-like Screening Model for Real Solvents(COSMO-RS) was used to predict the heat capacity of pure ionic liquids,and an intensive literature survey was conducted for providing a database to verify the prediction of COSMO-RS.The survey shows that the heat capacity is available for 117 ionic liquids at temperatures ranging 77.66-520 K since 2004,and the 4025 data points in total with the values from 76.37 to 1484 J·mol~(-1)·K~(-1) have been reported.The prediction of heat capacity with COSMO-RS can only be conducted at two temperatures(298 and 323 K).The comparison with the experimental data proves the prediction reliability of COSMO-RS,and the average relative deviation(ARD) is 8.54%.Based on the predictions at two temperatures,a linear equation was obtained for each ionic liquid,and the heat capacities at other temperatures were then estimated via interpolation and extrapolation.The acquired heat capacities at other temperatures were then compared with the experimental data,and the ARD is only 9.50%.This evidences that the heat capacity of a pure ionic liquid follows a linear equation within the temperature range of study,and COSMO-RS can be used to predict the heat capacity of ionic liquids reliably.  相似文献   

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