同掺再生粗细骨料混凝土的力学与耐久性能研究

为了探讨同时掺入大掺量再生粗骨料和细骨料制备C40及以上强度等级再生混凝土的可行性,在C45天然骨料混凝土配合比的基础上,采用II类再生粗骨料、I类再生细骨料,以同掺再生粗细骨料质量替代率为25%、50%、75%、100%配制了4组再生混凝土,研究了再生粗细骨料替代率对再生混凝土基本力学性能和耐久性能的影响规律。结果表明:当同掺再生粗细骨料的替代率为25%时,混凝土的力学性能下降很小,替代率为50%、75%的混凝土的抗压强度分别达到C45、C40等级,替代率100%的全再生粗细骨料混凝土的28 d抗压、劈拉、轴压强度和弹性模量等力学性能指标较天然骨料混凝土降低12.0%~23.2%,并达到C35抗压强度等级。增加再生粗细骨料的替代率会降低混凝土的耐久性,但即使是全再生粗细骨料混凝土仍可获得高的耐久性,其抗碳化性能、抗氯离子渗透性、抗冻性能分别达到T-IV、RCM-IV和F300等级,说明在混凝土中同时掺用50%及以上再生粗细骨料配制C40及以上强度等级的再生混凝土是可行的。     

不同类型再生细骨料对保温混凝土力学性能的影响

为了研究不同类型再生细骨料对玻化微珠保温混凝土力学性能的影响,将废弃混凝土再生细骨料和废弃黏土砖再生细骨料分别以25%、50%、75%和100%(体积分数)取代率取代保温混凝土中的天然河砂,并测试了再生保温混凝土的抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度和弹性模量。结果表明: 25%是废弃混凝土再生细骨料在保温混凝土中的最优取代率;75%是废弃黏土砖再生细骨料在保温混凝土中的最优取代率。再生细骨料的压碎值和再生胶砂强度比在实际工程中可以有效区分不同类型再生细骨料的品质。废弃黏土砖再生细骨料中的火山灰材料可以有效提高再生保温混凝土的密实度,而废弃混凝土再生细骨料中残余的氢氧化钙却降低了再生保温混凝土的力学性能,因而废弃黏土砖再生细骨料具有更高的回收利用价值。     

Influence of amount of recycled coarse aggregates and production process on properties of recycled aggregate concrete

In this study recycled coarse aggregates obtained by crushed concrete were used for concrete production. Four different recycled aggregate concretes were produced; made with 0%, 25%, 50% and 100% of recycled coarse aggregates, respectively. The mix proportions of the four concretes were designed in order to achieve the same compressive strengths. Recycled aggregates were used in wet condition, but not saturated, to control their fresh concrete properties, effective w/c ratio and lower strength variability. The necessity to produce recycled aggregate concrete with low-medium compressive strength was verified due to the requirement of the volume of cement. The influence of the order of materials used in concrete production (made with recycled aggregates) with respect to improving its splitting tensile strength was analysed. The lower modulus of elasticity of recycled coarse aggregate concretes with respect to conventional concretes was measured verifying the numeral models proposed by several researchers.     

Properties of concrete made with recycled aggregate from partially hydrated old concrete

Concrete having a 28-day compressive strength of 28 MPa was crushed at ages 1, 3 and 28 days to serve as a source of aggregate for new concretes, simulating the situation prevailing in precast concrete plants. The properties of the recycled aggregate and of the new concrete made from it, with nearly 100% of aggregate replacement, were tested.Significant differences were observed between the properties of the recycled aggregates of various particle size groups, while the crushing age had almost no effect. The properties of the concrete made with recycled aggregates were inferior to those of concrete made with virgin aggregates. Effects of crushing age were moderate: concrete made with aggregates crushed at age 3 days exhibited better properties than those made with aggregates of the other crushing ages, when a strong cement matrix was used. An opposite trend was seen when a weaker cement matrix was used. Some latent cementing capacity was seen in the recycled aggregates crushed at an early age.     

粉煤灰对再生骨料混凝土抗压性能影响研究*

研究用破碎、筛分处理后的建筑垃圾作为混凝土的粗骨料，代替天然粗骨料配制C20级再生混凝土，测试其抗压强度是否满足混凝土正常使用标准。再生骨料的取代率设计为0，35%，65%，100%，每个取代率做3组试件共24组试件，进行了混凝土的抗压强度试验，并探讨掺入粉煤灰对其抗压强度的影响。试验结果表明：C20级再生混凝土的抗压强度会随再生骨料取代率的增大而降低，粉煤灰可以减少水泥用量但对抗压强度影响不大。     

不同强度混凝土制造的再生骨料对高性能混凝土力学性能的影响(英文)

研究了由强度为30～100 MPa混凝土制造的再生骨料对高性能混凝土力学性能的影响。结果表明:利用30 MPa和45 MPa低强度混凝土制造的再生骨料搅拌的高性能混凝土,其力学性能明显下降;而由80MPa和100MPa的高强度混凝土制造的再生骨料搅拌的高性能混凝土,其28d抗压强度略高于由天然骨料搅拌的高性能混凝土的;再生骨料降低高性能混凝土的弹性模量,但降低量随着制造再生骨料混凝土的强度的增加而减少;28 d后再生骨料高性能混凝土的劈裂强度高于天然骨料高性能混凝土;由80 MPa和100 MPa高强度混凝土制造的再生骨料可以搅拌高性能混凝土。     

掺级配良好再生PVC骨料混凝土的力学和吸能性能

将级配良好的再生聚氯乙烯(PVC)颗粒以不同掺量等体积替代天然细骨料后加入混凝土中制成试件,进行力学性能试验和冲击试验,得到立方体压缩强度、劈裂抗拉强度、卸载弹性模量、能量吸收率和微观结构图,用来探究不同掺量的再生PVC骨料混凝土的力学和吸能性能。结果表明,当PVC骨料掺量为0%,5%,10%,15%,20%,30%时,其混凝土压缩强度分别为49.34,52.44,45.79,46.41,45.6,43.46 MPa,劈裂抗拉强度为2.73,3.58,3.2,2.92,2.69,2.44 MPa,混凝土的压缩强度和抗拉强度均随掺量增加呈先增加后缓慢降低趋势,并且用级配良好的再生PVC颗粒替代天然细骨料加入混凝土的力学性能比单一粒径塑料颗粒优良;随PVC骨料掺量增加,混凝土脆性得到改善且延性增强;混凝土的能量吸收能力随再生PVC细骨料掺量增加呈直线增加趋势。     

饱和面干再生细骨料对超高性能混凝土流动度及强度的影响

为了研究饱和面干再生细骨料掺量对超高性能混凝土(UHPC)的流动度及强度的影响,在净水胶比相同情况下,设计不同再生细骨料等质量替代河砂(0%、25%、50%、75%和100%)的UHPC,测试其流动度及标准养护条件下不同龄期的强度,通过SEM及压汞测试(MIP)等揭示其机理。研究表明,随着再生细骨料掺量的增大,颗粒间的摩擦力增大,再生细骨料需要更多的水泥浆包裹和填充,这导致UHPC流动度降低。随着再生细骨料掺量的增加,总水胶比增大,ITZ₂(旧细骨料与旧水泥基体间的界面过渡区)和ITZ₃(旧水泥基体和UHPC基体之间的界面过渡区)长度增大,微裂缝增多,有害孔和多害孔含量增加,密实度降低,UHPC抗折和抗压强度降低。     

纳米SiO2浸泡改性再生橡胶混凝土力学性能研究

本实验主要目的是研究经过纳米SiO2溶液浸泡的再生骨料橡胶混凝土坍落度、抗压强度和劈裂强度的变化规律、确定此操作对再生骨料混凝土的影响。实验以C30素混凝土为基准,通过掺入5%(等质量取代砂)的橡胶颗粒、纳米SiO2溶液（0%、1%、3%,相对水的质量）和再生骨料（Recycled concrete aggregate, RCA）（30%、50%、100%,等质量取代天然骨料）,制备纳米SiO2改性再生橡胶混凝土试件并进行坍落度、抗压和抗劈裂试验,分析不同浓度的纳米SiO2溶液和不同RCA取代率对再生橡胶混凝土力学性能的影响。结果显示：控制其他变量相同的RCA混凝土试块中,纳米SiO2溶液浓度的增加会降低拌合物的坍落度,而RCA取代率的增加会提高拌合物的坍落度;在30%RCA取代率和1%浓度的纳米SiO2溶液时再生橡胶混凝土的抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度比基准组分别高出2.5%和6.7%;总体来看,经过纳米SiO2溶液浸泡后的再生橡胶混凝土呈现出早期强度和后期强度提升的特点。     

再生混凝土强度计算公式中回归系数的探讨

用废旧混凝土破碎物代替粗集料配制再生混凝土时,用普通混凝土配制强度公式计算其强度,会存在较大的误差,主要是公式中集料系数aA,aB值不同。试验确定了不同再生集料系数值以及相应的强度计算公式,可为再生混凝土实际强度的计算提供参考。     

再生骨料混凝土耐久性能的试验研究

在实验室浇筑C20普通混凝土,经28d养护后用破碎机将其破碎、筛选调配制成再生粗骨料与细骨料,以此再生骨料100%替代天然碎石和砂子制备出再生骨料混凝土,探讨了再生骨料混凝土的耐久性能之一,抵抗冻融循环的能力以及抗碳化(中性化)能力.结果表明,100%再生骨料混凝土(简称RR混凝土)试件的冻融循环抵抗性与粗,细骨料置换率为0%的普通混凝土(简称NN混凝土)试件相比,水灰比分别为0.45、0.55时耐久性指数分别降低6%和9%,而且抵抗碳化能力差,碳化速度几乎快三倍.     

氯盐冻融耦合作用下再生混凝土损伤劣化规律

为了研究严寒盐渍环境中再生混凝土的损伤劣化规律,制备了再生粗骨料质量替代率为0％、50％、100％的再生混凝土进行氯盐冻融耦合作用下的试验研究,从外观形貌、质量损失率、相对动弹性模量和抗压强度等方面探讨混凝土损伤劣化规律.结果表明,氯盐冻融对再生骨料混凝土的破坏随再生骨料替代率的增加而增大.与冻融循环0次相比,冻融循环...     

城市垃圾熔渣及其所取再生混凝土的研究

为了研究城市垃圾熔渣细骨料以及废弃混凝土粗骨料再生利用的可能性,本文着眼于城市垃圾熔渣再生混凝土的耐久性能,试验以100%再生粗骨料以及垃圾熔渣细骨料替代天然碎石和砂子制备再生混凝土.探讨了城市垃圾熔渣再生混凝土的耐久性能之一抵抗冻融循环的能力。冻融循环试验用混凝土以水灰比0.45、0.65为变动因素。试验结果表明,城市垃圾熔渣再生混凝土(简称RS混凝土)试件的冻融循环抵抗性与粗、细骨料置换率为0%的普通混凝土(简称NN混凝土)试件相比,水灰比0.45、0.65时的耐久性指数分别降低7.9%和13.3%,但都能满足评价冻融循环抵抗性的最低指标。     

粉煤灰掺量对再生混凝土力学性能和抗冻性的影响研究

研究粉煤灰掺量、再生粗骨料取代率对再生混凝土抗压强度和抗折强度的影响,并对再生混凝土在不同冻融循环次数下的抗压强度和质量损失率进行了研究.结果表明:随着粉煤灰掺量的增加,再生混凝土抗压强度呈先增大后降低的趋势,当粉煤灰掺量为15%,再生粗骨料取代率为30%时,再生混凝土的抗压强度达到最大;粉煤灰掺量对抗折强度提高幅度较小;在冻融循环低于50次时,试块抗压强度下降速度较缓,此后下降速度加快,当冻融循环达到150次时,强度损失最大;再生粗骨料取代率对试块的抗冻性影响高于粉煤灰掺量.建立了考虑再生粗骨料取代率、粉煤灰掺量因素的冻融循环作用下再生混凝土抗压强度指数衰减规律预测模型.     

循环荷载下再生混凝土疲劳试验*

为了研究再生混凝土循环荷载下的疲劳寿命,采用实验室废弃[C30]混凝土试块,加工处理制成连续粒径级配的再生骨料（5～31.5 mm）,用这种再生骨料部分取代天然骨料配制的混凝土试样（100 mm×100 mm×300 mm）进行循环荷载试验。结果表明：随着荷载上限幅值的增大,再生混凝土疲劳寿命逐渐减小。并对再生混凝土疲劳寿命随荷载上限幅值进行线性拟合,且相关系数R的绝对值均大于0.9,表明疲劳寿命与荷载上限线性相关。另外,通过对再生粗骨料取代率与疲劳寿命之间的变化关系研究,得到了当再生粗骨料取代率小于等于50%时,疲劳寿命减小趋势不明显;当再生粗骨料取代率大于50%时,疲劳寿命曲线斜率明显增大,表明疲劳寿命减小趋势迅猛。因此,当采用再生粗骨料进行路基路面施工时,建议再生粗骨料取代率小于等于50%。     

基于正交试验的粉煤灰-硅锰渣再生混凝土力学性能研究

为研究固体废弃物取代混凝土原材料的适用性及对混凝土性能的影响,对16组粉煤灰-硅锰渣再生混凝土试块进行正交试验,研究当粉煤灰体积取代胶凝材料、硅锰渣体积取代砂、再生骨料质量取代粗骨料时不同取代量对混凝土坍落度、立方体抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度的影响。结果表明:当粉煤灰取代量为40%(体积分数)时,混凝土坍落度提高率最大,为14.5%,立方体抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度均降低,降低率分别为7.2%、22.8%;硅锰渣的取代会降低混凝土坍落度,当硅锰渣取代量为80%(体积分数)时,立方体抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度的降低率最小,分别为0.5%、11.5%;再生骨料的取代会降低混凝土坍落度,当再生骨料取代量为100%(质量分数)时,立方体抗压强度的降低率为1.9%,劈裂抗拉强度的降低率为12.4%。通过优化模型NSGM(1,4)对混凝土立方体抗压强度进行模型预测,模型模拟平均相对误差为0.542%,模型预测平均相对误差为2.727%。     

再生混凝土抗碳化性能试验研究

通过9种不同再生粗骨料、再生细骨料取代率下再生混凝土快速碳化试验,系统研究了再生骨料类型及其取代率对再生混凝土抗碳化性能的影响规律.基于试验,分析了分别经受3d、7d、14d和28d碳化试验后再生混凝土碳化深度和立方体抗压强度变化率;提出了再生混凝土28 d碳化深度预测模型;研究了28 d碳化作用后不同取代率下钢筋再生混凝土抗压承载力.试验结果表明,碳化作用导致混凝土立方体抗压强度升高,且提高幅度随再生骨料取代率的增加而增大;再生混凝土抗碳化性能与普通混凝土相比有所降低,各阶段碳化深度较大,且发展较快;再生骨料的掺入对混凝土碳化后抗压承载力具有不利影响;基于本文提出的再生混凝土碳化深度预测值与试验结果符合较好.     

Use of building rubbles as recycled aggregates

The application of building rubble collected from damaged and demolished structures is an important issue in every country. After crushing and screening, this material could serve as recycled aggregate in concrete. A series of experiments using recycled aggregate of various compositions from building rubble was conducted. The test results show that the building rubble could be transformed into useful recycled aggregate through proper processing. Using unwashed recycled aggregate in concrete will affect its strength. The effect will be more obvious at lower water/cement ratios. When the recycled aggregate was washed, these negative effects were greatly improved. This is especially true for the flexural strength of the recycled concrete. The recycled coarse aggregate is the weakest phase at a low water/cement ratio. This effect will dominate the strength of recycled concrete. This mechanism does not occur in recycled mortar. The quantity of recycled fine aggregate will govern the mortar strength.     

Influence of moisture states of natural and recycled aggregates on the slump and compressive strength of concrete

The influence of moisture states of natural and recycled aggregates on the properties of fresh and hardened concretes was investigated. Concrete mixes were prepared with natural and recycled aggregates at different proportions. The moisture states of the aggregates were controlled at air-dried (AD), oven-dried (OD) and saturated surface-dried (SSD) states prior to use. The ratio of cement to free water was kept constant for all of the mixes. At the fresh state, the slump loss for various concrete mixtures was determined, while the compressive strength was determined after curing for 3, 7 and 28 days. The test results showed that the initial slump values of the concrete mixtures were dependent on the initial free water contents, and the slump loss values of the mixtures were related to the moisture states of the aggregates. Slump loss was significant when 100% AD or OD recycled aggregate was used. The effect of the moisture states of the aggregates on the strength of the concretes prepared with OD and SSD state aggregates at early age (i.e., 3 and 7 days) was noticeable. The concrete prepared with the AD aggregates achieved the highest average strength values at 3, 7 and 28 days. However, at 28 days, the concrete strengths prepared with different types of aggregates were similar. The results suggested that an AD aggregate that contains not more than 50% recycled aggregate is optimum for producing normal strength recycled aggregate concrete.     

Effect of oyster shell substituted for fine aggregate on concrete characteristics: Part I. Fundamental properties

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the recycling possibilities for fine aggregate of oyster shells (OS), which is an industrial waste, disposed of in open dumps at coastal oyster management areas. For this purpose, the chemical components of OS and reactivity of OS with cement paste were examined. More specifically, mechanical characteristics of fresh concrete and hardened concrete were quantitatively investigated in terms of fineness modulus (F.M.) and substitution rate (SR) of crushed OS. In addition, the Part II paper presents the performance of concrete up to 1 year with OS substituted for fine aggregate.Test results show that the interaction between OS and cement paste did not occur and the workability of concrete decreased with F.M. decrease and SR of OS increase. In addition, it was found that mixing of OS did not cause reduction in the compressive strength of concrete at age 28 days and development of compressive strength was faster as SR of OS increased. Elastic modulus of concrete substituted with crushed OS decreases as SR increases. The decrease was approximately 10% at SR of 20%.