牛奶——减肥

减肥食谱里不必有牛奶吗？NO 很多人认为乳品容易使人发胖,往往会减少乳品在膳食中的比例。殊不知如果吃法得当,乳品也能抗肥胖,帮助你健康地控制体重。美国田纳西大学营养学院主任、医学教授麦克泽梅尔博士的研究证实：乳品中的钙和其他成分,如乳清蛋白可帮助燃烧多余脂肪,在摄入总热量不变时,如果每日膳食中增加乳品摄入量,会大大有助于减掉多余脂肪,同时还可帮助你健康地控制体重。     

妊娠糖尿病患者营养素摄入情况及影响因素分析

目的:通过调查妊娠糖尿病孕妇在孕中期能量及营养素的摄入量,探讨孕期膳食结构、孕前体重、孕期体重增长等对妊娠期糖尿病发病的影响,为进一步针对孕期营养指导和干预提供科学依据。方法:选取北京友谊医院营养门诊就诊的170例妊娠糖尿病患者作为调查对象,使用24 h膳食回顾调查法和食物频度法,分析其每天膳食中热能及营养素的摄入量,并将相关指标进行Pearson相关分析,探讨孕期膳食、孕前体重、体重增长情况对妊娠期糖尿病发病的影响。结果:患妊娠糖尿病孕妇孕中期每日膳食中水果与油脂类的摄入量高于推荐摄入量;每日总能量摄入略低,蛋白质供能比例为14.2%、脂肪供能比为33.9%;每日饮食中,除钾、维生素E的摄入量高于推荐量外,其他矿物元素和维生素的摄入量均偏低;孕期增重与孕期摄入的总能量成正相关(r=0.157,P0.05),口服葡萄糖耐量试验(DGTT)2h血糖值与孕期摄入的总能量成正相关(r=0.2,P0.05),与摄入的脂肪量成正相关(r=0.17,P0.05),空腹血糖值与孕前体质指数成正相关(r=0.209,P0.05)。结论:妊娠糖尿病患者在孕中期饮食结构不合理,脂肪摄入过多,妊娠期间应合理控制饮食,做到营养均衡合理,同时应加强妊娠期妇女的孕期营养健康教育及围产期保健,控制体重的合理增长,降低妊娠妊娠糖尿病的发病率,提高母婴健康水平。     

乳制品摄入与体质量控制

综述了近年来乳制品摄入与体质量控制之间关系的研究进展和可能机制。结果表明,流行病学研究和随机对照人体试验均证明乳制品摄入量与肥胖风险之间具有一定的负相关性,其中酸奶的保护作用最为肯定,而脱脂奶和全脂奶的效果在研究中不够一致。乳制品中的蛋白质、钙、维生素D、共轭亚油酸等成分对于控制体质量可能具有一定作用。     

可快速减肥的13种释放脂肪的食物

美国《读者文摘》载文,提出了以下可快速减肥的13种释放脂肪的食物。1.钙母亲劝孩子喝牛奶是基于牛奶中的钙质对骨骼有益。做母亲的或许不知道,钙还有助于控制饥饿感。研究表明,钙摄入量不足者体内脂肪质量较高且较难控制其胃口。2.牛奶牛奶是钙的优质来源。研究表明来源于牛奶中的钙比来源于其他食物中的钙在加速脂肪消耗方面更为有效。科研人员推理说,牛奶中的其他营养能够与钙发挥协同反应。每天摄入3份乳制品能够明显降低肥胖     

天津市糖尿病人群夏季膳食营养状况及类黄酮摄入量调查与评价

目的:评价天津市糖尿病人群膳食营养状况及类黄酮物质的摄入量,为其健康饮食提供指导。方法:采用连续5d的24h膳食回顾法,对糖尿病病人进行膳食营养调查,结合中国居民膳食营养素的推荐摄入量(recommended nutrition intake,RNI)、适宜摄入量(adaptive intake,AI)以及中国居民平衡膳食宝塔(Balance Diet Pagoda)对其膳食营养状况做出评价;根据膳食调查的结果,计算类黄酮物质的摄入量。结果:本次调查显示,糖尿病病人能量摄入量均偏低,脂肪的供能比例偏高。男性仅维生素C和烟酸的摄入量达标,女性维生素的摄入量均不达标。糖尿病病人存在钙摄入严重不足而钠摄入量严重超标的现象,且与男性相比,女性矿物质的摄入量要普遍偏低。除了钙以外,男性其余种类矿物质摄入量均达标;女性除了磷、钠、铁、锰的摄入量达标以外,其余种类均不达标。糖尿病病人类黄酮的主要食物来源为玉米、土豆、西瓜以及甜瓜等,男性每日类黄酮的摄入量为38.23mg、女性为38.27mg。糖尿病病人摄入的膳食种类主要包括粮谷类、蔬菜、水果、畜禽肉类、蛋类、豆制品、牛奶及奶制品、食用油以及食盐。其中水果类、鱼虾以及奶制品的摄入量偏低,蛋类以及食盐摄入过多;男性的畜禽肉摄入过多。结论:糖尿病病人能量摄入偏低,脂肪供能比偏高,维生素和钙摄入不足,而钠摄入偏高;类黄酮的主要食物来源为谷物、季节性水果蔬菜等;膳食结构存在不合理现象,水果、鱼虾、奶制品的摄入量过低,而畜禽肉、蛋类以及食盐的摄入量过多。     

北京某高校大学生膳食调查与评价

目的:了解高校大学生的膳食营养情况,为有针对性地开展营养改善工作提供依据。方法:采用连续3d 24h膳食回顾法,调查首都医科大学166名本科生日常膳食摄入情况。分析膳食能量、营养素摄入情况,与《中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量》进行比较分析。结果:能量及多种营养素摄入不足,甚至有严重缺乏的情况。男生食物净重、能量、蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、硫胺素、尼克酸、磷和铁的摄入量均明显高于女生,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。各年级比较,食物净重、能量、脂肪、维生素C和钙的摄入量有统计学差异。脂肪(男生27.78%、女生29.05%)、蛋白质(男生17.10%、女生15.66%)提供能量比例偏高,碳水化合物(男生55.12%、女生55.29%)提供能量比例偏低。三餐能量分配基本合理,男女生间差别较小。结论:大学生营养素的摄入不够合理,应提高奶、蛋、瘦肉、蔬菜、水果的摄入量,加强对大学生的营养知识的教育。     

膳食干预对高胆固醇血症患者血脂和营养状况的影响

目的:探讨个体化膳食干预对高胆固醇血症患者血脂指标和营养状况的影响。方法:选取2013年6月—2014年12月收入北京友谊医院且诊断为高胆固醇血症的90例患者,膳食干预3个月,使用24 h膳食回顾调查法和食物频度法,分析调查对象每天膳食中热能及各种营养素的摄入量,与中国居民膳食推荐摄入量比较,分析膳食干预前后患者的饮食情况、血脂指标和相关营养指标的变化。结果:与每人每日各类食物适宜摄入量相比,高胆固醇血症患者在膳食干预前,蔬菜、水果、豆类食物的摄入量偏少,肉类、蛋、奶、油脂类食物摄入量偏高,营养素供能比例不适宜,蛋白质和脂肪供能比例偏高,碳水化合物供能比例偏低;与膳食干预前相比,膳食干预后每日谷类食物、肉类、鸡蛋、奶、油脂类的摄入量显著降低,蔬菜、水果、豆类的摄入量显著增加,摄入的总能量显著降低,摄入的蛋白质、脂肪的量及其供能比显著降低,动物蛋白的供能比显著降低,碳水化合物的摄入量及其供能比显著增加);经过膳食干预后,高胆固醇血症患者的血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平显著降低,血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平显著増高,患者的体质指数(BMI)显著降低,血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、血红蛋白(HGB)与膳食干预前相比差异无统计学意义。结论:高胆固醇血症患者通过改善膳食结构和降低体质指数,可以降低TC、TG、LDL-C等血脂指标,升高HDL-C,其营养状况不会受到影响。     

中国15省(区、直辖市)老年居民膳食脂肪摄入状况

目的:分析2015年中国15省(区、市)老年居民膳食脂肪摄入状况。方法:数据来自2015年中国居民营养状况变迁的队列研究。选取参加本次调查并有完整的调查数据的60岁以上老年居民作为研究对象,分析研究对象膳食脂肪摄入量、供能比和食物来源,并与《中国居民膳食指南(2016版)》膳食脂肪推荐摄入量进行比较。结果:我国15省(区、市)老年居民2015年膳食脂肪摄入量为69. 2g/d、膳食脂肪供能比为34. 2%、膳食脂肪供能比超过30%的人群比例为61. 7%;调查人群中来源于动物性食物、动物油、植物油和植物性食物的脂肪占膳食脂肪总量为32. 8%、3. 8%、43. 3%和20. 1%。结论:中国15省(区、市)老年居民膳食脂肪摄入量较高,脂肪供能比已超过《中国居民膳食指南(2016版)》膳食脂肪推荐摄入量的要求,应控制含脂肪高的食物的摄入量。     

中国八城市人群乳制品摄入状况及其影响因素分析

目的:了解我国城市人群乳制品摄入状况,并探讨人口统计、生活方式、乳制品知识等影响因素。方法:对中国8个城市人群进行抽样,采用膳食频率调查问卷调查各类乳制品摄入量,分析乳制品摄入状况及其影响因素。结果:中国8个城市人群的乳制品摄入量为111.39 g/d,摄入频率为71.3%;纯牛奶的摄入占比为60.39%,为乳制品的重要组成部分,酸奶摄入占比为28.24%、奶酪占比2%、奶粉占比4.28%。单因素分析显示,乳制品摄入量与性别、年龄、地区、教育水平、家庭食物消费、吸烟、收入状况、BMI以及乳制品知识得分有关,多因素分析表明乳制品摄入量与性别、年龄、地区、教育水平、家庭食物消费以及乳制品知识得分有关。结论:我国8个城市人群乳制品摄入总体较低,乳制品构成相比国外相差较大。乳制品摄入与性别、年龄、地区、教育水平、家庭食物消费、乳制品知识得分等多种因素相关。     

不溶性大豆膳食纤维对大鼠采食行为及血液指标的影响

以Wistar大鼠为实验动物,喂食普通饲料,同时灌胃不溶性大豆膳食纤维,观察大豆膳食纤维对大鼠体重、血液中维生素A和钙离子的影响。结果发现,大鼠摄入大豆膳食纤维后,采食行为受到抑制,饱腹感增加,且大鼠体重增长受到抑制,达到控制体重的效果,然而大鼠血液中的维生素A和钙离子含量有所降低,其中大鼠每日摄入500 mg/kg膳食纤维,至第55天时,大鼠体重仅占空白组体重的78.38%,同时,血液中的维生素A降低了35.80%,钙离子降低了51.21%。     

Major scientific advances with dairy foods in nutrition and health

A large body of scientific evidence collected in recent decades demonstrates that an adequate intake of calcium and other nutrients from dairy foods reduces the risk of osteoporosis by increasing bone acquisition during growth, slowing age-related bone loss, and reducing osteoporotic fractures. These results have culminated in the new (2005) Dietary Guidelines for Americans that now recommend 3 servings of milk products per day to reduce the risk of low bone mass and contribute important amounts of many nutrients that may have additional health attributes beyond bone health. A number of animal, observational, and clinical studies have shown that dairy food consumption can help reduce the risk of hypertension. Clinical trials indicate that the consumption of recommended levels of dairy products, as part of a healthy diet, can contribute to lower blood pressure in individuals with normal and elevated blood pressure. Emerging data also indicate that specific peptides associated with casein and whey proteins can significantly lower blood pressure. In addition, a growing body of evidence has provided support for a beneficial effect of dairy foods on body weight and fat loss. Clinical studies have demonstrated that during caloric restriction, body weight and body fat loss occurs when adequate calcium is provided by supplements and that this effect is further augmented by an equivalent amount of calcium supplied from dairy foods. Several studies support a role for calcium, vitamin D, and dairy foods against colon cancer. Additionally, conjugated linoleic acid, a fatty acid found naturally in dairy fat, confers a wide range of anticarcinogenic benefits in experimental animal models and is especially consistent for protection against breast cancer.     

Milk minerals and the metabolic syndrome

The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome or single components of it has dramatically risen across continents in the recent past and shows a tendency to increase in the future. The increase of these metabolic disorders was accompanied by dramatic changes in people's lifestyles, mainly less physical activity and a change in dietary habits. The consumption of fast food, convenience food and soft drinks increased, while a decline in the consumption of milk and milk products occurred. Most epidemiological studies have demonstrated a negative association between calcium and dairy consumption, and the prevalence of components of the metabolic syndrome. Diets rich in calcium or dairy products facilitated weight loss and fat loss in obese subjects or rodents and reduced weight and the regaining of fat in rodents during re-feeding after dieting. A more pronounced effect was seen if calcium was derived from dairy products. From animal and cell culture experiments a mechanism was proposed that is based mainly on dietary calcium-stimulated reduction of circulating calcitriol levels, which consequently results in a lower influx of calcium into adipocytes, leading to a metabolic state that favors catabolic over anabolic pathways. Moreover, the direct effect of calcitriol on autocrine cortisol synthesis may contribute to the weight-regulating effect of calcium. Overall, human and animal experiments have shown that dietary calcium has a slight but significantly beneficial effect on blood pressure. This was more pronounced if the calcium intake was based on milk products, which may be due to the high magnesium and potassium, and low sodium content, and to angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibiting peptides in milk products. The threshold for the minimum calcium requirement with respect to weight regulation is considered to be 800–1000 mg per day. More controlled intervention studies are needed to confirm the findings and support this hypothesis. The diversity of results indicates a complex rather than a simplistic model.     

Correlations of dietary patterns with prostate health

Both genetic and environmental influences may be involved in etiology of prostate health and prostate cancer. These include ethnic origin, family history, smoking, and diet. Adiposity and excess energy intake are potentially distinct risk factors and positive associations with prostate cancer risk for both were observed among case-control and cohort studies. Some epidemiological studies support an association between dietary fat, particularly saturated or animal fats, and prostate cancer risk. Of these, several suggest reduced risk with low-fat diets high in n-3 fatty acids and increased risk with high-fat diets rich in n-6 fatty acids. Others suggested association with higher meat intake, possibly due to heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, produced during grilling or frying. Positive association of prostate cancer risk with dairy intake could involve alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase activity (required for beta-oxidation of phytanic acid present in dairy products and red meat) or the suppression of vitamin D activity by calcium. Inverse associations were observed with dietary intake of plant foods. These include cereals, soy products, and fruit and vegetable sources of carotenoids. Numerous plant constituents may act synergistically in the prevention and inhibition of prostate disorders. These diet-risk associations may lead to future individualized diet recommendations based upon genetic polymorphisms.     

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) prevents body fat accumulation and weight gain in an animal model

ABSTRACT:  Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been shown to reduce body fat and increase lean body mass in mice, rats, and pigs. A recent human trial indicated that CLA may work more effectively if used for prevention of body fat deposition and weight gain. To test this hypothesis, we conducted 2 experiments using relatively old mice (older than 6 mo): experiment 1, supplementation of CLA during dietary restriction and experiment 2, supplementation during ad libitum feeding followed by restriction. In experiment 1, there were significant effects of diet restriction and CLA supplementation on body composition, while CLA decreased body fat content in ad libitum diet but not significantly during diet restriction. In experiment 2, CLA fed animals had body weights similar to restricted animals and CLA significantly reduced body fat (significantly lower than prior to and post restriction, or pair fed). This suggests that CLA exerted modulation of body fat independent of reduced food intake. Based on these results, we concluded that CLA may be more effective at protecting against fat mass regain following weight loss than as a weight loss treatment.     

Production and metabolic responses of periparturient Holstein cows to dietary conjugated linoleic acid and trans-octadecenoic acids

Thirty-eight multiparous Holstein cows were utilized in a completely randomized design to examine the effect of feeding calcium salts of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-octadecenoic acids (trans-C18:1) on animal performance and lipid and glucose metabolism during the transition to lactation. Dietary treatments were initiated approximately 28 d prior to expected calving dates and continued through d 49 postpartum. Prepartum treatments consisted of 1) a basal diet (Control), 2) basal diet + 150 g/d of CLA mix (CLA), and 3) basal diet + 150 g/d of trans-C18:1 mix (TRANS). Amounts of calcium salts of CLA and trans-C18:1 mixes were adjusted to 225 g/d during the 49-d postpartum treatment period. All diets were offered as a total mixed ration. Prepartum fat supplementation had no detectable effects on dry matter intake, body weight, or body condition score. After parturition, cows in the TRANS group consumed less dry matter at wk 4, 5, and 6 of lactation than did cows in the control group. Cows fed the trans-C18:1 supplement were in a more severe negative energy balance than those fed the control diet at 1 wk of lactation. Periparturient fat supplementation had no detectable effects on milk yield during wk 1 to 7 of lactation. Milk fat was not affected during wk 1 to 4, but was reduced after wk 4 of lactation by dietary CLA. Feeding calcium salts of CLA decreased short- to medium-chain fatty acid (C4 to C14) concentrations and increased both linoleic and linolenic acid concentrations in milk fat. Concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyric acid in blood were greater in cows fed the CLA-supplemented diet than in those fed the control diet at 1 wk of lactation. In spite of small numerical tendencies, hepatic lipid and triacylglycerol concentrations did not vary significantly among dietary treatments. Periparturient fat supplementation had no detectable effects on plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. Steady-state concentrations of hepatic mRNA encoding pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase were greater for the TRANS treatment group than the control and CLA groups. Results indicate that dietary CLA and trans-C18:1 fatty acids may affect lipid and glucose metabolism in early postpartum Holstein cows through distinct mechanisms.     

Effect of calcium salts of long-chain fatty-acids on dairy cows in early lactation

Twenty dairy cows in early lactation were assigned to one of two dietary treatment groups based on milk production and days in milk. Treatments were a total mixed ration containing 13.2% whole cottonseed on a DM basis with or without added Ca salts of long-chain fatty acids. Treatments were fed ad libitum for 11 wk. Dry matter intake and body weight were not affected by treatment. The addition of Ca salts of long-chain fatty acids had no effect on yield of actual and FCM. Percent milk fat, lactose, and SCC did not differ between treatments. Percent milk protein tended to be lower for cows fed the diet containing calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids. Milk production efficiencies and NDF and ADF digestibilities were unaffected by treatment. Results indicate that diets containing high amounts of cottonseed may mask th affects of energy provided by Ca salts of long-chain fatty acids.     

Effect of sources of calcium salts of fatty acids on production,nutrient digestibility,energy balance,and carryover effects of early lactation grazing dairy cows

The objective of our study was to investigate the effects of sources of calcium salts of fatty acids (FA) on production, nutrient digestibility, energy balance, and carryover effects of early lactation grazing dairy cows. Treatment diets were offered from 3 to 16 wk postpartum (the treatment period), in which all cows grazed elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum ‘Cameroon’) and treatments were added to a concentrate supplement. The treatments were (1) control (concentrate without supplemental fat); (2) concentrate with calcium salts of soybean FA (CSSO); and (3) concentrate with calcium salts of palm FA (CSPO). From 17 to 42 wk postpartum (the carryover period), all cows received a common diet fed as a total mixed ration. During the treatment period, CSPO increased milk yield, milk fat yield, 3.5% fat-corrected milk, energy-corrected milk, and cumulative milk yield compared with control and CSSO. Treatment CSSO increased the yield of milk but did not affect 3.5% fat-corrected milk or energy-corrected compared with control. Also, CSSO decreased milk fat yield, dry matter intake, neutral detergent fiber digestibility, and body weight and body condition loss. Compared with control, both CSSO and CSPO increased feed efficiency (3.5% fat-corrected milk:dry matter intake), and CSPO increased feed efficiency compared with CSSO. When considering energy partitioning (as % energy intake), CSPO increased energy partitioning toward milk and increased energy mobilized from body reserves compared with control and CSSO. Furthermore, CSSO tended to reduce the mobilization of energy from body reserves compared with control. In the carryover period, no differences in milk composition were observed among treatments. A treatment by time interaction was observed during the carryover period for milk yield because cows on CSPO maintained higher production compared with control and CSSO cows until 30 wk postpartum; CSSO had a lower carryover effect sustaining higher milk yield compared with control until 25 wk postpartum. In conclusion, supplementation with CSPO was an effective strategy to increase energy intake and yields of milk and milk solids and it had a greater carryover effect. Supplementation with CSSO resulted in lower mobilization of reserves and less variation in body weight and body condition throughout lactation.     

Effects of a combination of feed additives on methane production, diet digestibility, and animal performance in lactating dairy cows

Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of a mixture of dietary additives on enteric methane production, rumen fermentation, diet digestibility, energy balance, and animal performance in lactating dairy cows. Identical diets were fed in both experiments. The mixture of feed additives investigated contained lauric acid, myristic acid, linseed oil, and calcium fumarate. These additives were included at 0.4, 1.2, 1.5, and 0.7% of dietary dry matter, respectively (treatment ADD). Experimental fat sources were exchanged for a rumen inert source of fat in the control diet (treatment CON) to maintain isolipidic rations. Cows (experiment 1, n = 20; experiment 2, n = 12) were fed restricted amounts of feed to avoid confounding effects of dry matter intake on methane production. In experiment 1, methane production and energy balance were studied using open-circuit indirect calorimetry. In experiment 2, 10 rumen-fistulated animals were used to measure rumen fermentation characteristics. In both experiments animal performance was monitored. The inclusion of dietary additives decreased methane emissions (g/d) by 10%. Milk yield and milk fat content tended to be lower for ADD in experiment 1. In experiment 2, milk production was not affected by ADD, but milk fat content was lower. Fat- and protein-corrected milk was lower for ADD in both experiments. Milk urea nitrogen content was lowered by ADD in experiment 1 and tended to be lower in experiment 2. Apparent total tract digestibility of fat, but not that of starch or neutral detergent fiber, was higher for ADD. Energy retention did not differ between treatments. The decrease in methane production (g/d) was not evident when methane emission was expressed per kilogram of milk produced. Feeding ADD resulted in increases of C12:0 and C14:0 and the intermediates of linseed oil biohydrogenation in milk in both experiments. In experiment 2, ADD-fed cows tended to have a decreased number of protozoa in rumen fluid when compared with that in control cows. Total volatile fatty acid concentrations were lower for ADD, whereas molar proportions of propionate increased at the expense of acetate and butyrate.     

Resistant Starch and Energy Balance: Impact on Weight Loss and Maintenance

The obesity epidemic has prompted researchers to find effective weight-loss and maintenance tools. Weight loss and subsequent maintenance are reliant on energy balance—the net difference between energy intake and energy expenditure. Negative energy balance, lower intake than expenditure, results in weight loss whereas positive energy balance, greater intake than expenditure, results in weight gain. Resistant starch has many attributes, which could promote weight loss and/or maintenance including reduced postprandial insulinemia, increased release of gut satiety peptides, increased fat oxidation, lower fat storage in adipocytes, and preservation of lean body mass. Retention of lean body mass during weight loss or maintenance would prevent the decrease in basal metabolic rate and, therefore, the decrease in total energy expenditure, that occurs with weight loss. In addition, the fiber-like properties of resistant starch may increase the thermic effect of food, thereby increasing total energy expenditure. Due to its ability to increase fat oxidation and reduce fat storage in adipocytes, resistant starch has recently been promoted in the popular press as a “weight loss wonder food”. This review focuses on data describing the effects of resistant starch on body weight, energy intake, energy expenditure, and body composition to determine if there is sufficient evidence to warrant these claims.     

The effects of feeding medium-chain triglycerides on the growth, insulin responsiveness, and body composition of Holstein calves from birth to 85 kg of body weight

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of feeding calves isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets that varied in the amount and type of fatty acids on growth, response to an insulin challenge, and body composition. Thirty-six calves were assigned to a randomized block design with 3 dietary treatments, 10 calves per treatment, and a baseline group of 6 calves. Three different milk-replacer-based diets were designed to deliver less than 2% of the lipid as medium-chain triglycerides (control; diet contained no added medium-chain triglycerides), 32% medium-chain triglycerides primarily as caprylate (CAP oil), and 32% of fatty acids primarily as laurate from coconut oil (CCO). Calves were offered 0.28 Mcal of intake energy/kg of body weight (BW)^0.75 from d 1 to 7 and 0.32 Mcal of intake energy/kg of BW^0.75 adjusted weekly for BW from d 8 to harvest. Dry matter, intake energy, crude protein, and fat intakes were 53.7 kg, 281.8 Mcal, 14.6 kg, and 13.0 kg; 56.6 kg, 297.2 Mcal, 15.8 kg, and 14.2 kg; and 53.8 kg, 280.4 Mcal, 15.4 kg, and 13.3 kg for the control, CAP oil, and CCO treatments, respectively. Dry matter, energy, protein, and fat intakes did not differ among treatments. At approximately 65 kg of BW, 5 calves per treatment were given an insulin challenge. After the challenge the decrease in plasma glucose concentration was greater for the calves fed the CAP oil diet compared with those fed the control and CCO diets. Calves were harvested at approximately 88 kg of BW. Empty body gains were 0.92, 0.79, and 0.87 kg/d for control-, CAP oil-, and CCO-fed calves, respectively, and the gains of the CAP oil-fed calves were less than those of the control-fed calves. Empty body crude protein, ash, and water were not different among treatments. Empty body retained energy and fat tended to be 5.6 and 8.7% greater for calves consuming the CCO diet than for those fed the control diet. The livers of calves consuming the CCO diet were 330 g heavier and contained 15% more fat than the livers of the control and CAP oil calves. The results of this study demonstrate that the energy demand of the calf to maintain body temperature resulted in increased oxidation of intake energy; thus, overall body composition differences could not be detected. However, the intake of CCO increased the accumulation of lipid in the liver and carcass despite the apparent cold stress conditions.