复合钢管内衬陶瓷层的组织结构和耐腐蚀性能研究

利用铝热－离心法制备了内衬陶瓷复合钢管。通常，陶瓷层由α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和铁铝尖晶石两相组成。α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３沿径向呈枝晶生长，ＦｅＯ；Ａｌ２Ｏ３连续分布在α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３的枝晶间。由于ＦｅＯ；Ａｌ２Ｏ３不耐酸腐蚀，结果陶瓷层不具有耐酸蚀性能。     

过渡金属氧化物体系红外辐射陶瓷的研制

采用常规相烧结法制备了Ｆｅ２Ｏ３－ＭｎＯ２－Ｃｏ２Ｏ３－ＣｕＯ系过渡金属氧化物陶瓷及其分别与堇青石和高岭土组成的复合体系陶瓷,研究了材料的结构及其在８～１４ｕｍ波段的常温红外辐射率。研究结果表明,过渡金属氧化物陶瓷的常温红外辐射率达到０．９３０,反尖晶石及混合尖晶石结构的形成是过注金属氧化物陶瓷中产生高的红外辐射率的内在原因。在复合体系陶瓷中获得了０．９１０～０．９３０的常温红外辐射率,其中过渡金     

等离子喷涂Al2O3+TiO2复合陶瓷涂层的组织结构

利用ＳＥＭ,ＴＥＭ,ＥＤＡＸ及Ｘ射线等手段研究了Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＴｉＯ２／ＮｉＣｒＡｌＹ复合陶瓷等离子喷涂层的组织结构,涂层呈片层状,Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＴｉＯ２陶瓷涂层由γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３,ＴｉＯ２及少量的α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３组成,由于喷涂层温度比较高,部分熔化的Ａｌ２Ｏ３和大部分熔化的ＴｉＯ２发生了一定程度的互熔,形成了Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＴｉＯ２共晶组织。片层内由Ｎｉ基固溶体及弥散分布其上的γ相（Ｎｉ３Ａｌ）组成,片间为     

SiO2/CrO3对SHS陶瓷复合钢管力学性能的影响

采用重力分离自蔓延高温合成技术,制备了陶瓷内衬复合钢管,研究了添加CrO3和SiO2对陶瓷复合钢管的压溃强度、压剪强度、陶瓷层相对密度、显微硬度的影响。结果表明：添加SiO2可以通过增加低熔点相来提高复合钢管的力学性能,以CrO3部分取代Fe2O3可以通过升高反应温度来提高复合钢管的力学性能。同时加入4％SiO2(质量分数,下同）和8％CrO3,可以获得性能优良的陶瓷内衬复合钢管。     

ZnO压敏陶瓷的非线性功能添加剂

本文采用单元掺杂与多元掺杂的方法，系统研究了几种过渡金属氧化物添加剂在控制ＺｎＯ压敏陶瓷非线性方面的作用，并根据金属阳离子外壳层电子结构稳定性和缺陷化学反应进行了分析，认为阳离子具有不饱和外层电子结构且半径与Ｚｎ＾２＋离子相近的过渡金属氧化物能改善ＺｎＯ压敏陶瓷非线性。     

离心铝热法制造陶瓷衬里复合管 Ⅲ.中试研究

采用离心铝热法成功地制造了７６～４２６ｍｍ、长２０００ｍｍ的陶瓷衬里复合碳钢管。给出了生产原料、生产装置和生产工艺，讨论了陶瓷层厚度不均匀、陶瓷层疏松、陶瓷层大块剥落、钢管局部穿孔、钢管弯曲的原因，并提出相应的工艺改造措施。     

增韧SiC陶瓷在蒸馏水润滑下的摩擦学特性

在ＭＭ－２００块－环接触磨损试验上，测定了一种增韧ＳｉＣ陶瓷在蒸馏水下自配对，与ＷＣ＋Ｃｏ硬质合金和等离子喷涂Ｃｒ２Ｏ３涂层配对摩擦系数和摩损系数，利用ＳＥＭ，ＸＰＳ和ＦＴＩＲ等测试技术，观察和分析了磨痕的形貌和化学组成，讨论了摩擦副材料的显微结构和机械性能对ＳｉＣ陶瓷的摩擦学的特性的影响，实验表明，该增韧ＳｉＣ陶瓷大水介质中滑动，ＳｉＣ与水发生化学反应，在磨损表面形成一层由ＳｉＯ２与Ｓｉ（ＯＨ）     

Ca0.6Mg0.4Zr4（PO4）6陶瓷的抗热震性

Ｃａ０．６Ｍｇ０．４Ｚｒ４（ＰＯ４）６（简称ＣＭ）陶瓷热震后的强度变化与裂纹扩展依赖于材料的热膨胀系数和轴向膨胀特性。以ＭｇＯ作为烧结助剂的ＣＭ１陶瓷，当热震温差ΔＴ＝８００℃时，残留强度与原始强度相关。作者提出裂纹部分闭合模式解释了上述现象。以ＺｎＯ作烧结助剂的ＣＭ２陶瓷，其强度降低和裂纹扩展符合Ｈａｓｓｅｌｍａｎ提出的脆性陶瓷热震理论。     

W18Cr4V钢表面激光熔覆Al2O3陶瓷涂层的组织结构

研究了Ｗ１８Ｃｒ４Ｖ钢表面Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＮｉＣｒＡｌ复合陶瓷涂层的组织结构、成分分布及界面组织特征。结果表明：Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＮｉＣｒＡｌ复合陶瓷等离子喷涂层的组织呈层片状,面层由α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和少量的γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３组成,层间为机械结合界面,界面处成分变化梯度较大。经激光重熔后的面层组织为单一的α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３柱状晶,Ａｌ２Ｏ３与中间合金ＮｉＣｒＡｌ间存在明显的界面反应,且界面相增多,在ＮｉＣｒＡｌ与基体     

提高自蔓延高温合成陶瓷内衬复合钢管性能的措施

离心铸造技术和自蔓延高温合成技术结合在一起而发展起来的离心自蔓延高温合成技术用于制造复合钢管 ,具有工艺与设备简单、生产率高、节能和成本低等特点 ,为陶瓷内衬复合钢管的生产开辟了新的途径。该复合钢管的性能决定于陶瓷层的性能 ,从提高陶瓷层致密度和结合强度、降低裂纹率、提高耐腐蚀性等方面 ,综述了提高其性能的途径 ,展望了广阔的应用前景     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。