圆柱形胞元蜂窝夹芯板梁理论的研究

为了研究蜂窝夹芯板梁受压塌陷的原因, 建立了圆柱形胞元蜂窝夹芯胞元壳的轴向受压理论分析模型, 推导了圆柱形胞元蜂窝夹芯板梁临界压应力的计算公式, 提出了一种全新的迭代优化设计方法, 给出了一套较完整的分析设计理论。通过用3D 有限元数值模拟技术, 对铝质圆柱形蜂窝胞元壳进行模拟, 结果与公式的计算值吻合较好。该研究对进一步完善蜂窝夹芯板梁理论提供依据。      

等腰梯形蜂窝芯玻璃钢夹芯板的面内压缩性能

为研究等腰梯形蜂窝芯玻璃钢夹芯板面内压缩破坏机制, 利用材料试验机对夹芯板面内压缩性能进行了试验测试, 并开展了模拟研究。结果表明: 夹芯板的面内压缩破坏方式主要有面板折断、夹芯板屈曲失稳和夹芯板中面板与蜂窝芯脱粘3种类型。面板为夹芯板面内压缩的主要承载构件, 蜂窝芯对面板起到固支作用。面板结构参数与材料参数为影响夹芯板面内压缩抗压强度与抗压刚度主要因素, 多数蜂窝芯的结构参数与材料参数对夹芯板面内压缩抗压强度的影响微弱, 而个别蜂窝芯的结构参数对夹芯板面内压缩抗压刚度的影响比较显著。夹芯板体积一定时, 随着蜂窝芯胞体单元数量的增加, 夹芯板面内压缩的抗压强度与抗压刚度逐渐增大。      

基于多尺度方法的蜂窝夹层复合材料结构轴向压缩稳定性

为有效预测蜂窝夹层复合材料结构压缩失稳载荷和破坏模式,本文基于层压板宏细观多尺度数值分析模型,研究蜂窝夹层复合材料结构在轴向压缩载荷下的屈曲稳定性。基于改进的通用单胞理论模型,并结合ABAQUS用户自定义子程序接口,建立蜂窝夹层复合材料结构宏细观数值模型,预报蜂窝夹层复合材料结构失效载荷和破坏模式,并与试验结果对照,验证了模型的有效性。结果表明:通过本文建立的数值模型可以有效预测蜂窝夹层复合材料结构在压缩载荷下的失稳载荷和破坏模式,其一阶失稳载荷为128.12 kN,与试验结果误差为4.58%,蜂窝夹层复合材料结构破坏模式为先发生屈曲失稳,然后迅速破坏。      

等腰梯形蜂窝芯玻璃钢夹芯板的面外压缩性能EI北大核心CSCD

利用材料试验机对玻璃钢(FRP)夹芯板面外压缩性能进行实验测试与模拟研究。结果表明:夹芯板面外压缩变形可分为弹性变形与断裂两个阶段。蜂窝芯中part 2胞壁厚度t1与part 2高度h比值t1/h较大时,夹芯板以屈服方式变形;t1/h较小时,夹芯板以屈曲方式变形。蜂窝芯中part 2为夹芯板主要承载构件,蜂窝芯中part 1与part 3对part 2起到固支作用,面板对蜂窝芯起到固支作用。蜂窝芯中part 2胞壁厚度为夹芯板面外压缩抗压强度影响的主要因素,蜂窝芯胞壁边长影响次之,而蜂窝芯中part 1,part 3与面板厚度的影响较小。夹芯板总高度一定时,随着蜂窝芯层数增加,夹芯板抗压强度逐渐增大。     

Compressive and shear buckling analysis of metal matrix composite sandwich panels under different thermal environments

Combined inplane compressive and shear buckling analysis was conducted on flat rectangular sandwich panels using the Rayleigh-Ritz minium energy method with a consideration of transverse shear effect of the sandwich core. The sandwich panels were fabricated with titanium honeycomb core and laminated metal matrix composite face sheets. The results show that slightly slender (along the unidirectional compressive loading axis) rectangular sandwich panels have the most desirable stiffness-to-weight ratios for aerospace structural applications; the degradation of buckling strength sandwich panels with rising temperature is faster in shear than in compression; and the fiber orientation of the face sheets for optimum combined-load buckling strength of sandwich panels is a strong function of both loading condition and panel aspect ratio. Under the same specific weight and panel aspect ratio, a sandwich panel with metal matrix composite face sheets has a much higher buckling strength than one having monolithic face sheets.     

Failure analysis of adhesive surface damage in sandwich plates under compressed loads

Abstract

Failures of honeycomb sandwich plates are analyzed using experiments and three-dimensional (3D) finite element simulations to understand the failure mechanism. Meanwhile, correlations of the critical load and various physical parameters (e.g., height and thickness of the core) are investigated. The results demonstrated that the core height and skin thickness have significant effects on the compressed load buckling of the honeycomb sandwich plates, the core density is a sub-critical sensitive factor, while wall thickness and spacing of the cell, and the sandwich modulus have negligible effects. Cracking on the adhesive surface is the dominant factor to reduce the buckling critical load of the laminated plate, which leads to failures of sandwich plates. The ultimate failure of the sandwich panel is attributed to severe deformations that lead to local cracking of the entire cemented adhesive surface. Due to the bonding of the adhesive surface defects, the actual loads related to the core height are large enough to cause compressions with local buckling. Hence, the actual loads cannot reflect the performance of the sandwich panels. It is recommended to use panels with appropriate thicknesses below the sandwich and moderate grid density in the design.     

含面芯界面缺陷的蜂窝夹芯板侧向压缩破坏模式

为了对含面芯层间脱胶缺陷的蜂窝夹芯板在侧向压缩载荷作用下的典型破坏模式进行数值预报, 建立了基于蔡-希尔破坏准则和粘结模型的计算模型。该计算模型是建立在对蜂窝夹芯板的双悬臂梁(DCB)和单臂梁(SLB) 试验中所发现的一种新的破坏模式的分析基础之上的。对蜂窝夹芯板的侧向压缩破坏行为的数值预报中, 发现一种新的破坏模式: 位于脱胶区域的面板首先发生局部屈曲失稳, 随后面板内部靠近芯子的45°/0°层间出现分层, 与此同时最靠近芯子的45°铺层发生断裂, 伴随着45°/0°层间分层的扩展, 面板发展成为对称性整体屈曲失稳。与侧向压缩试验测试结果对比发现, 计算模型模拟中所预报的破坏模式在实验测试中也得到了很好的验证。      

高速冲击载荷作用下钎焊蜂窝夹层板动态响应

目的 以钎焊高温合金蜂窝夹层板为研究对象,分析其在弹丸高速冲击作用下的力学性能。方法 采用轻气炮冲击加载试验结合有限元模拟,对蜂窝夹层板开展不同冲击强度下的动态响应和失效研究。开展含高速冲击损伤的蜂窝夹层板侧压试验,研究损伤模式对剩余强度的影响。结果 冲击强度对夹层板的失效过程和失效模式有着明显的影响,当冲击条件不足以使得迎弹面发生侵彻时,夹层板失效为表面压痕损伤;随着冲击强度的提高,出现不同程度的局部芯层压缩;当冲击强度大于临界值时,迎/背弹面陆续被侵彻,夹层板出现侵入损伤及贯穿损伤。结论 高速冲击损伤使得蜂窝夹层板的侧压失效模式,由理想塑性屈曲转变为局部失稳,侧压极限载荷大幅降低。     

Mechanical response of metallic honeycomb sandwich panel structures to high-intensity dynamic loading

Explosive tests were performed in air to study the dynamic mechanical response of square honeycomb core sandwich panels made from a super-austenitic stainless steel alloy. Tests were conducted at three levels of impulse load on the sandwich panels and solid plates with the same areal density. Impulse was varied by changing the charge weight of the explosive at a constant standoff distance. At the lowest intensity load, significant front face bending and progressive cell wall buckling were observed at the center of the panel closest to the explosion source. Cell wall buckling and core densification increased as the impulse increased. An air blast simulation code was used to determine the blast loads at the front surfaces of the test panels, and these were used as inputs to finite element calculations of the dynamic response of the sandwich structure. Very good agreement was observed between the finite element model predictions of the sandwich panel front and back face displacements and the experimental observations. The model also captured many of the phenomenological details of the core deformation behavior. The honeycomb sandwich panels suffered significantly smaller back face deflections than solid plates of identical mass even though their design was far from optimal for such an application.     

含不同形状分层缺陷蜂窝夹层板的压缩性能

对含面板/夹芯界面中央分层缺陷复合材料蜂窝夹层板的压缩性能进行了试验研究和理论分析,考察了一种圆形分层和2种矩形分层缺陷对其压缩强度的影响,并采用子层局部屈曲模型对压缩强度进行了计算。结果表明：无缺陷夹层板表现为总体失稳破坏,而对于含分层缺陷的夹层板,则视分层形状及其大小的不同而表现出不同的破坏机制。对于矩形缺陷的长边与载荷方向垂直的夹层板,一般情况下面板子层局部屈曲对夹层板的最终破坏不起控制作用;对于矩形缺陷的长边与载荷方向平行的夹层板,表现为总体失稳破坏。压缩破坏过程中,面板子层屈曲起控制作用的夹层板,子层局部屈曲模型能够比较精确地预测其压缩强度。     

明胶鸟弹撞击复合材料蜂窝夹芯板试验

开展明胶鸟弹撞击复合材料蜂窝夹芯板试验,研究夹芯结构在软体高速冲击下的损伤形式,分析相关因素对结构动态响应结果的影响。通过CT扫描对复合材料蜂窝夹芯板内部进行检测可知,面板出现分层、基体开裂、纤维断裂、凹陷、向胞内屈曲等损伤形式,蜂窝芯出现芯材压溃、与面板脱粘的损伤形式;分析复合材料蜂窝夹芯板后面板的动态变形过程及撞击中心处位移-时间数据可知,复合材料蜂窝夹芯板在撞击过程中出现由全局弯曲变形主导和局部变形主导的两种变形模式;通过对比不同工况下的复合材料蜂窝夹芯板损伤程度可知,复合材料蜂窝夹芯板损伤程度随鸟弹撞击速度的增加而增大;蜂窝芯高度为10 mm的复合材料蜂窝夹芯板较蜂窝芯高度为5 mm的复合材料蜂窝夹芯板的损伤程度大;初始动能较大的球形鸟弹较圆柱形鸟弹对复合材料蜂窝夹芯板造成的冲击损伤程度更大。      

Similitude of sandwich panels with a ‘soft’ core in buckling

The paper presents the similarity analysis of a sandwich unidirectional panel with a transversely flexible core under buckling loads. The governing equations are those used in the high-order analysis of sandwich panels with a ‘soft’ core. The study derives the similitude conditions in the case of external in-plane compressive loads that yield buckling of the panel with and without imperfections. In the first part, the buckling analysis is presented and it is based on the linearized version of the governing equations of the non-linear geometrical bending equations. The presentation includes an analytical proof of the applicability of similarity for the buckling of a sandwich panel with identical faces and a numerical demonstration of the response when full similarity and partial similarity exist. The effects of full and partial similarity are presented for a panel with imperfections.     

梯度铝蜂窝夹芯板的力学行为

梯度分层铝合金蜂窝板是一种有效的吸能结构,本工作在梯度铝蜂窝结构的基础上根据梯度率的概念,通过改变蜂窝芯层的胞壁长度,设计了4种质量相同、梯度率不同的铝蜂窝夹芯结构。通过准静态压缩实验,并结合非线性有限元模拟准静态及冲击态下梯度铝蜂窝夹芯结构的变形情况及其力学性能,分析对比了相同质量下梯度铝蜂窝夹芯结构在准静态下的变形模式以及冲击载荷下分层均质蜂窝结构和不同梯度率的分层梯度蜂窝结构的动态响应和能量吸收特性。结果表明:在准静态压缩过程中,铝蜂窝梯度夹芯板的变形具有明显的局部化特征,蜂窝芯的变形为低密度优先变形直至密实,层级之间的密实化应变差随芯层密度的增大而逐渐减小;在高速冲击下,梯度蜂窝板并非严格按照准静态过程中逐级变形直至密实,而是在锤头冲击惯性及芯层密度的相互作用下整体发生的线弹性变形、弹性屈曲、塑性坍塌及密实化;另外,在本工作所设计的梯度率中,当梯度率为γ₁=0.0276时,梯度蜂窝夹芯板的吸能性达到最好,相较于同等质量下的均质蜂窝夹芯板,能量吸收提高了10.63%。     

An improved model for the prediction of intra-cell buckling in CFRP sandwich panels under in-plane compressive loading

Local instability in the form of “intra-cell buckling” or “dimpling” is a well-known failure mode in honeycomb-cored sandwich panels with very thin faces. Most work reported on the subject suggests relatively simple design formulae for the estimation of the intra-cell buckling load. It is however widely known that these classical design formulae in some cases considerably underpredict the intra-cell buckling load. In this paper a series of experimental results obtained for different CFRP/honeycomb sandwich panel configurations loaded in compression are presented. The results confirm that the “classical” design formulae provide overly conservative results. During the tests the intra-cell buckling patterns were monitored carefully, and it was observed that the hitherto assumed buckling patterns did not correspond to the experimental observations. Based on these findings a new simplified design formula is suggested, which for the investigated CFRP/honeycomb sandwich panels provides significantly more accurate predictions than the “classical” design formulae.     

蜂窝纸板弯曲破坏模式和机理研究

基于蜂窝纸板的结构和受力情况,对蜂窝纸板进行三点弯曲实验,分析纸蜂窝夹层结构的弯曲破坏模式和弯曲破坏过程,探究纸蜂窝夹层结构弯曲变形机理。结果表明：蜂窝纸板的弯曲破坏模式主要有面板屈曲褶皱和局部塌陷两种;蜂窝纸板的弯曲破坏过程分为5个阶段;蜂窝纸板的弯曲破坏模式与面板屈曲、蜂窝胞元壁受压形成塑性铰以及蜂窝胞元壁向中间挤压靠近有关。     

基于有限元法的蜂窝夹层结构稳定性研究

蜂窝夹层结构随面板厚度的逐渐变化会出现不同的屈曲现象。针对连续芯层有限元模型, 求出不同面板厚度时结构的屈曲因子, 并与经验失稳公式预测值进行对比, 两种方法的结果基本吻合。建立考虑芯层几何特征的有限元模型, 进行屈曲分析并研究芯层几何参数对结构稳定性的影响。介绍了一种局部屈曲现象——蜂窝壁屈曲, 提出了相应的失稳预测分析方法, 并与三维有限元分析结果进行比较, 验证该方法的正确性。对承受多轴惯性载荷的蜂窝夹层承力筒结构进行稳定性分析, 通过改变面板厚度和纵横惯性载荷比, 得到一系列有限元解, 给出了相关的多轴惯性载荷相关方程。     

The Effect of Load and Geometry on the Failure Modes of Sandwich Beams

Facing compressive failure, facing wrinkling and core shear failure are the most commonly encountered failure modes in sandwich beams with facings made of composite materials. The occurrence and sequence of these failure modes depends on the geometrical dimensions, the form of loading and type of support of the beam. In this paper the above three failure modes in sandwich beams with facings made of carbon/epoxy composites and cores made of aluminum honeycomb and two types of foam have been investigated. Two types of beams, the simply supported and the cantilever have been considered. Loading included concentrated, uniform and triangular. It was found that in beams with foam core facing wrinkling and core shear failure occur, whereas in beams with honeycomb core facing compressive failure and core shear crimping take place. Results were obtained for the dependence of failure mode on the geometry of the beam and the type of loading. The critical beam spans for failure mode transition from core shear to wrinkling failure were established. It was found that initiation of a particular failure mode depends on the properties of the facing and core materials, the geometrical configuration, the type of support and loading of sandwich beams.     

Fabrication and mechanical testing of glass fiber entangled sandwich beams: A comparison with honeycomb and foam sandwich beams

The aim of this paper is the fabrication and mechanical testing of entangled sandwich beam specimens and the comparison of their results with standard sandwich specimens with honeycomb and foam as core materials. The entangled sandwich specimens have glass fiber cores and glass woven fabric as skin materials. The tested glass fiber entangled sandwich beams possess low compressive and shear modulus as compared to honeycomb and foam sandwich beams of the same specifications. Although the entangled sandwich beams are heavier than the honeycomb and foam sandwich beams, the vibration tests show that the entangled sandwich beams possess higher damping ratios and low vibratory levels as compared to honeycomb and foam sandwich beams, making them suitable for vibro-acoustic applications where structural strength is of secondary importance, e.g., internal paneling of a helicopter.     

纸瓦楞夹层板的压缩变形与塑性吸能特性研究

目的研究在不同压缩速率下纸瓦楞夹层板的压缩变形与塑性吸能特性。方法利用Hoff夹层板、正交各向异性弹性薄板理论和工程梁理论,研究瓦楞夹层板的横向压缩位移,分析瓦楞芯层的压缩变形模式及塑性吸能特性,提出芯层结构的压溃强度模型,并通过静态压缩实验进行对比分析。结果B型、C型纸瓦楞夹层板的压溃强度理论预测值分别为0.1195,0.0612 MPa,在1,12,18,48 mm/min的压缩速率下,B型纸瓦楞夹层板的压溃强度分别为0.1011,0.1071,0.1048,0.1075 MPa,C型纸瓦楞夹层板的压溃强度分别为0.0462,0.0640,0.0475,0.0451 MPa。结论低应变率(低压缩率)条件下,纸瓦楞夹层板的横向压缩性能影响基本不变,弹性强度、屈服强度、压溃强度等基本相同。对于相同的材质,几何参数对纸瓦楞夹层板的压缩性能和塑性吸能影响较大。     

散布式扬声器音板材料振动特性的研究

利用激光干涉器检测矩形夹心板(芯层为厚度不等的PU泡沫和孔径不等的蜂窝纸芯,皮层为环氧树脂层压板或铜版纸)在受迫振动时的幅值,通过比较不同结构夹心板的幅频曲线以及加速度-频率曲线,从微观结构的角度出发,讨论了音板材料的结构变化对其振动特性的影响.实验结果表明,随着PU泡沫芯或蜂窝纸芯的孔径减小,夹心板的第一阶共振频率不变,共振振幅呈下降趋势,非共振振幅无变化,材料的阻尼特性是制约夹心板中高频段的内在因素;当皮层和芯层的模量相近时皮层不能对芯层形成刚性约束,共振频率和振幅会发生很大的变化.