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脂肪酸甲酯磺化新工艺 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
根据脂肪酸甲酯气相SO3磺化的机理。研究开发了一种甲酯磺化新工艺,以结构简单、紧凑、操作稳定的高气液比喷射反应器为横化装置,对脂肪酸甲酯进行连续的SO3气相磺化,实验取得较好的结果。甲酯最高转化率为95%,SO3转化率则达99%,与膜式反应器相近。 相似文献
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气液喷射式磺化反应器的应用研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用喷射式磺化反应器分别对脂肪酸甲酯、烷基苯、重烷基苯、脂肪醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和α 烯烃等原料进行了SO3气相磺化/硫酸化反应,研究了反应器主要结构参数对产品质量的影响,并与膜式反应器作了比较。结果表明:喷射磺化反应器制备的烷基苯磺酸、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸的产品质量与膜式磺化反应器相当,制备的重烷基苯磺酸盐产品质量稳定,降低原油/水界面张力的能力优于膜式磺化器制备的产品,但在磺化α 烯烃、硫酸化脂肪醇和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚时转化率低于90%,产品质量明显不及膜式反应器。从两种反应器的传质、传热机理及效率,不同有机原料的SO3磺化机理及反应速度等方面对以上现象进行了分析和讨论,认为喷射式磺化反应器适用于脂肪酸甲酯、烷基苯、重烷基苯的磺化,目前的结构参数不适用于α 烯烃、脂肪醇和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚的磺化/硫酸化反应,需要进一步调整,改善传质效率。 相似文献
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<正>对甲苯磺酸是制备对甲酚的重要中间体。目前,工业上主要采用甲苯浓硫酸磺化的方法生产,该方法硫酸利用率低,生产过程产生大量废酸,造成环境污染严重;同时,由于磺化产物中,间甲苯磺酸含量高达4%以上,以此为原料生产高纯对甲酚的收率低、成本高、工艺复杂,以SO_3为磺化剂能克服以上不足。对于大相对分子质量的烷基苯(如十二烷基苯)的SO_3磺化早已工业化,关于小相对分子质量烷基苯(如甲苯)的磺化,1983年,Sohrabi建立了气液传质模型,Davidsohn提出了多釜串联生产对甲苯磺酸的专利技术,但至今未见有工业化报道,针对SO_3磺化甲苯具有反应速度快,放热量大等特点,本文首次将用于生化反应过程的喷射环流反应器用于气相SO_3磺化甲苯的反应过程,克服了釜式磺化反应器传质比表面积小、体积大及降膜磺化反应器内易出现局部过热、结构复杂等不足。通过实验,对反应产物的物性变化情况、反应器内的气含率特性及工艺条件进行了初步研究,为工程放大提供了合理的依据。 相似文献
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喷射磺化反应器及其应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文论述了喷射磺化反应器的反应原理、结构、工艺参数的选定及应用特点。笔者认为,喷射磺化反应器由于对SO_3气体的压力没有要求,因此,它在硫酸行业中是一种较有前途的磺化设备。 相似文献
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Burtron H. Davis 《Topics in Catalysis》2005,32(3-4):143-168
An overview of the reactors utilized for the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis is considered during three time periods: discovery to 1945, 1945–1970, and 1970 to date. A brief outline of the scientific and engineering developments related to chemical reactor design for the same three periods is also presented. In general, the reactor developments outpaced the ability to utilize the scientific and engineering advances on the academic level. However, today it appears that the academic and industrial developments closely match each other in content and interests. Even so, the availability of reliable data from large-scale pilot plants and/or commercial operations remain available only to the organization developing the data. 相似文献
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In this work, we show that the continuous flow stirred tank reactor (CFSTR) equivalence principle, developed by Feinberg and Ellison, can be used to obtain practical upper bounds on reaction selectivity for any chemistry of interest. The CFSTR equivalence principle allows one to explore the attainable reaction region by decomposing any arbitrary, steady‐state reactor‐mixer‐separator system with total reaction volume V > 0 into a new system comprising CFSTRs (where is the number of linearly independent chemical reactions) with the same total reaction volume and a perfect separator system. This work further refines the allowable selectivities by incorporating capacity constraints into the CFSTR equivalence principle to prevent arbitrarily large recycle streams between the CFSTRs and the separators and infinitesimally small CFSTR conversions. These constraints provide practical upper bounds on reaction selectivities of chemistries completely independent of reactor design. We present the methodology and the results for a selection of realistic chemistries. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 926–939, 2018 相似文献
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正2.1.5第5代反应器第5代反应器是PREESS喷雾反应器和BUSS文丘里混合反应器的组合,是组合式烷氧基化反应器(见图8)。第5代工艺中也有单循环回路和双循环回路2种工艺,根据产品品种的不同而采用不同的工艺。在联泓集团昊达化学有限公司工程中,生产低增长比的产品时采用无小循环回路的单回路循环工艺,生产高增长比的产品时采用双回路循环工艺。 相似文献
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滴流床反应器流体力学的研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
系统综述了滴流床反应器的流体力学研究现状,分析了流型的转变、床层压降和持液量的关联结果,总结了主要的反应器模型和压力对床层压降及持液量的影响,并详细讨论了操作方式对滴流床反应器流体力学的影响。 相似文献
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SBR工艺的现状与发展 总被引:20,自引:1,他引:20
序批式间歇活性污泥法(SBR)是近年来应用日趋广泛的一种污水处理工艺,在SBR工艺的基础上,又发展了一些SBR的变型工艺,例如ICEAS工艺、CASS工艺、UNITANK工艺、ASBR工艺、BSBR工艺等。今后应加强SBR工艺中微生物的研究和可靠的工程设计模式的探讨。 相似文献
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G.H. Graaf A.A.C.M. Beenackers 《Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification》1996,35(6):413-427
A comparison is made between the ICI (two-phase) methanol synthesis process and a three-phase slurry process based on a multi-stage agitated reactor. The process calculations are based on a complete reactor system consisting of the reactor itself, a recycling system and a gas-liquid separator. The basic kinetic and thermodynamic data were taken from previous studies carried out in our laboratory. The results show that both reactor systems produce comparable methanol yields under the same process conditions except for the reactor temperature. Carbon conversion to methanol values close to 100% can be achieved. The three-phase process is more efficient in terms of heat recovery and power consumption. This is primarily caused by the fact that the three-phase process generates high-pressure steam and the ICI two-phase process yields boiler feed water of 90°C. Furthermore, the pressure drop in the three-phase reactor is smaller than in the two-phase reactor, resulting in a smaller duty of the recycle compressor. However, for the present low energy prices, the annual financial savings, coupled with these energetic aspects, are not sufficient to compensate for the higher capital investment of the three-phase reactor system relative to the ICI two-phase reactor system. A relatively high natural gas price of US $4.1 per gigajoule is needed to reach the economical break-even point between the two processes. More active catalysts may be developed in the near future. Our results show that a relative increase in the catalyst activity by a factor of 1.5 or more (for both processes) will make the three-phase process of economic interest at a natural gas price of US $2.5 per gigajoule. 相似文献