聚氯乙烯透明硬片生产及应用概况

国外从50年代开始就已大批量生产和应用PVC透明硬片,而我国则到60年代后才开始生产。虽然PVC透明硬片在我国研制和生产起步较晚,但近几年来发展还是很快的。据不完全统计,目前我国已有PVC透明硬片生产线49条,其中压延法生产线引进的有17条,国产的21条;引进的挤出法生产线有9条,年生产能力约10万吨,目前总产量约6万吨左右。 PVC透明硬片在包装方面有着广泛的应用。此外,还可作为唱片片基、装饰硬片、扑克硬片等,最     

软包锂离子电池铝塑膜的热封性能研究

选取40μm流延聚丙烯热封层铝塑膜(1~#样品)、80μm流延聚丙烯热封层铝塑膜(2~#样品)和80μm接枝改性PP热封层铝塑膜(3~#样品)作为研究对象,在不同热封温度、热封时间、热封压力、热封层厚度和热封层种类的条件下,对3种不同软包锂离子电池铝塑膜进行热封研究。利用万能试验机和扫描电镜等,对3种不同铝塑膜的热封强度和热封结合界面进行分析。结果表明,3种不同铝塑膜的最佳热封工艺均为热封温度为230℃,热封时间为12 s,热封压力为1.0 MPa。1~#样品的热封强度最高仅为98.9 N/15 mm;3~#样品的热封强度最高为114.3 N/15 mm;2~#样品的热封强度最高可达144.4 N/15 mm。在0.5～1.0 MPa的范围内,热封压力对铝塑膜热封强度的影响不显著,热封温度和热封时间成为影响样品热封强度的主要因素。在相同的热封条件下,CPP热封层的热封效果要明显好于PP-g-PGMA热封层。热封剥离失效界面的研究表明,剥离实验失效模式为界面破坏和剥离破坏两种破坏模式并存,CPP与铝箔间的界面没有紧密机械啮合,如果对铝箔进行表面处理,增加铝箔与CPP间的机械结合力,可能会成为提高铝塑膜热封强度的有效手段之一。     

超薄铝箔力学性能的测试EI

<正> 为了满足食品包装大量进口0.007mm厚铝箔;解决其商检的需要,测定了铝箔拉伸强度与延伸率,并对试样的形状与尺寸、试样切取方法与方向以及拉伸速度等48组不同类型的影响因素进行系统分析比较,并用统计方法处理所得数据,求出其平均值和标准偏差,在此基础上分析认为,     

获得塑料薄膜最佳热合条件的研究探讨

本文研究了塑料薄膜热合强度的影响因素。首先,从微观的角度分析了温度、压力对薄膜分子间作用力的作用效果。分析表明合适的温度范围、压力及适当的热合时间可减小薄膜不同分子链段间距离,分子间作用力增强,分子链段之间相互缠绕,最终使薄膜热合层熔合。进而,以温度为例,探讨了通过检测在单一影响因素变化的条件下获得的薄膜热合层,分析试验数据,模拟建立该因素与热合强度间的关系式,求得最佳热合条件的研究方法。     

超薄铝箔力学性能的测试

为了满足食品包装大量进口0.007mm厚铝箔;解决其商检的需要,测定了铝箔拉伸强度与延伸率,并对试样的形状与尺寸、试样切取方法与方向以及拉伸速度等48组不同类型的影响因素进行系统分析比较,并用统计方法处理所得数据,求出其平均值和标准偏差,在此基础上分析认为,     

高能电子束辐照对NBR/PVC胶圈胶料性能的影响

采用高能电子束对丁腈橡胶/聚氯乙烯(NBR/PVC)胶圈胶料进行辐照,研究不同辐照剂量对NBR/PVC胶圈胶料性能的影响。实验结果表明,生橡胶经高能电子束辐照后,焦烧时间随辐照剂量增大逐渐减小;NBR/PVC硫化胶经高能电子束辐照后,冲击弹性提高33%~67%,硬度提高4%~10%,拉伸强度提高8%左右,断裂伸长率下降6.7%~34.4%。单因素试验结果显示,50k~60kGy剂量辐照时,硫化胶拉伸强度提高幅度较大,压缩、拉伸永久变形和磨耗量下降,同时弹性、硬度均有提升。综合考虑,50k~60kGy剂量为辐照NBR/PVC胶圈硫化胶的最适剂量。     

高强碳纤维束丝拉伸性能测试影响因素的研究

研究了3K,6K和12K碳纤维束丝拉伸性能测试过程中的一些影响因素,包括与样品制备相关的胶液浓度、胶液种类、张力、环境湿度以及测试时的拉伸速率。研究结果表明,碳纤维的拉伸性能测试与样品制备及测试过程中的实验条件有很大关系。胶液浓度较低时（〈25％）,纤维拉伸强度比正常值偏低。比较了环氧6101和环氧648两种树脂作胶液的情况,前者得到的碳纤维拉伸强度更高。样品固化时施加合适的张力可得到较高的拉伸性能。另外,样品制备时,随着相对湿度的增加,测得的碳纤维拉伸强度逐渐降低。随拉伸速率的增加,碳纤维的拉伸模量逐渐增加。     

探究药用铝箔泡罩包装印刷的工艺技术

PTP铝箔在医药包装中主要用于泡罩包装。泡罩包装主要是由聚氯乙烯片(PVC)和0.02mm厚的铝箔制成。泡罩包装已成为西药片剂和胶囊的最主要的包装方式。根据药用铝箔泡罩包装印刷的应用前景,分析了药用铝箔泡罩包装印刷油墨的特性、主要分类及应用要点,介绍了药用泡罩包装印刷铝箔涂布保护剂与粘合剂的应用,研究了影响铝箔药品包装热封强度的主要因素,提出了药用铝箔泡罩包装印刷的工艺流程及性能检测。     

药品的铝塑泡罩包装

铝塑泡罩包装材料的特性。目前我国制药厂多数采用聚氯乙烯（PVC）硬片作为泡罩包装基材，虽然它具有一定的加工成型性能，热封性及透明度、机械强度好，但防水蒸汽透过性较差。由于药品对包装材料的要求较高，尤其是药品对潮汽湿汽敏感，塑料硬片越需要更高的阻隔水蒸汽的性能，所以要选择塑料复合材料如聚氯乙烯与聚偏二氯乙烯复合（PVC／PVD）、聚氯乙烯与聚乙烯复合（PVC／PE）、聚氯乙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯，聚乙烯（PVC／PVD／PE）等复合塑料基材，较单纯用PVC的阻隔性能优良。上述的复合塑料材料具有极低的水蒸汽透过率和较低…     

PVC/CaCO3复合材料的隔音及应用特性

针对CaCO3含量不同的聚氯乙烯(PVC)复合材料在空调隔音过程中出现的一些现象和问题,对PVC复合材料的隔音量、撕裂强度和折弯性能开展试验研究,分析CaCO3含量对PVC复合材料隔音及应用特性的影响,探索PVC复合材料的撕裂机理。结果表明：PVC复合材料属于各向异性材料,随CaCO3含量增加,PVC复合材料的隔音量先增加后减小,撕裂强度和折弯寿命均逐渐降低,作为空调隔音材料,PVC中CaCO3的含量最好控制在50 ％左右;与密度相近的氯丁橡胶相比,PVC复合材料的隔音、抗撕裂和折弯性能均较好,因此完全可以替代氯丁橡胶作为空调的隔音材料,从而降低成本。在此基础上提出PVC复合材料在空调隔音应用中的割缝准则和判定其抗撕裂性能的试样类型。     

Study on quality of resistance spot welded aluminum alloys under various electrode pressures

The electrode force is one of the main parameters in resistance spot welding (RSW). It is very important to guarantee the quality of aluminum alloys and determine whether the electrode pressure is stable or adjustable in the welding process. With the drive set of a servo-motor, we conduct the RSW tests and tensile shear tests on the 5052 aluminum alloy sheets. Results of these tests show that all variable pressure curves are suitable for spot welding, and all have their own rules in affecting the tensile strength of the spot welded joints.     

Effect of process parameters on electromagnetic impact welding of aluminum sheets

Electromagnetic forming of aluminum sheets has been studied in detail by many researchers due to its advantages of increased formability and reduced springback. The feasibility of electromagnetic impact welding of aluminum sheets has been established, but the effect of process parameters on the weld strength has not been reported. The present study investigates the effect of parameters such as energy, standoff distance and coil geometry on the shearing strength and the width of the weld achieved by electromagnetic impact welding of aluminum sheets. A study has been carried out to characterize the effectiveness of the process of welding two aluminum sheets of same chemical composition and of 1 mm thickness. The results of the microstructure and shearing strength tests are reported in this paper. The shearing strength and the width of the weld are found to increase with an increase in discharge energy. Further, when the geometry of the coil is changed from rectangular shape to tapered shape, it gives higher shearing strength. The standoff distance has an optimum value that gives maximum shearing strength and width of the weld. If the standoff distance is varied on either side of its optimum value the shearing strength and the width of the weld reduce.     

Analysis of process parameters effects on friction stir welding of dissimilar aluminum alloy to advanced high strength steel

Thin sheets of aluminum alloy 6061-T6 and one type of Advanced high strength steel, transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steel have been successfully butt joined using friction stir welding (FSW) technique. The maximum ultimate tensile strength can reach 85% of the base aluminum alloy. Intermetallic compound (IMC) layer of FeAl or Fe₃Al with thickness of less than 1 μm was formed at the Al–Fe interface in the advancing side, which can actually contribute to the joint strength. Tensile tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicate that the weld nugget can be considered as aluminum matrix composite, which is enhanced by dispersed sheared-off steel fragments encompassed by a thin intermetallic layer or simply intermetallic particles. Effects of process parameters on the joint microstructure evolution were analyzed based on mechanical welding force and temperature that have been measured during the welding process.     

Short-aramid-fiber toughening of epoxy adhesive joint between carbon fiber composites and metal substrates with different surface morphology

Carbon-fiber epoxy composites were bonded to four different types of aluminum substrates with different surface roughness and finish. The four aluminum substrates considered in this study have the following surface conditions: two solid aluminum substrates polished with two different grades of sandpapers, and two porous aluminum foams with two different as-received surface conditions, one with a patterned surface finish and one with rough pore structures. Moreover, the thin epoxy adhesive joints between the carbon-fiber face sheets and aluminum substrates were reinforced by adding short aramid fibers. During the fabrication process of the hybrid laminar, sparsely-distributed short aramid fibers were inserted between the fiber-metal interface to promote bridged fibers for tougher and stronger adhesive bonding, while at the same time to minimize any significant change in the thickness of the adhesive joint. Measurements of the critical energy release rate showed that the toughening effects of the low-density short aramid fibers were influenced by the metal-substrate surface roughness and finish. Further comparison indicated that the interfacial fracture toughness of aramid-fiber interleave adhesive joints increased via increase of surface roughness of metal substrates. The surface-roughness effect of metal substrate mainly depends on whether the free fiber ends of the short aramid fibers were pressed and embedded into the surface cavities of aluminum substrates according to scanning electron microscopy observations. The results indicated that the properties and performances of aramid-fiber interleaved adhesive joints between the carbon-fiber face sheets and aluminum substrates could be improved by surface treatments on the aluminum substrates to achieve appropriately surface roughness.     

超薄铝合金胶粘接及激光焊接工艺研究

目的为了解决厚度为0.05 mm的铝合金在激光焊接过程中,材料发生变形导致的焊穿或者虚焊问题。方法采用在下层铝合金材料表面均匀涂覆粘胶剂,将上下2层铝合金材料进行预固定,然后采用激光焊接,形成焊缝。通过控制涂覆粘胶剂的次数,得到胶层厚度为11.2μm,对涂覆粘胶剂的铝合金进行激光焊接实验。结果当激光平均功率为150W,焊接速度为100mm/s,离焦量为2mm时,焊缝剪切强度最大,为124 MPa,达到母材剪切强度的82%。结论通过粘胶剂预固定后,在激光加热过程中,可以很好地克服材料的变形,让上下材料形成熔池,熔池冷却凝固后熔合在一起形成焊缝,可以解决材料发生变形导致的焊穿或者虚焊问题。     

The Response Surface Approach to Spot Welding Commercial Aluminum Sheets

The present paper reports experimental investigations on the spot welding of commercial aluminum sheets. Experiments were carried out to study the influence of spot welding parameters (welding current, welding time, electrode force and sheet thickness) on the strength of spot welded aluminum sheets with commercial purity.

Experiments were carried out on the basis of response surface methodology (RSM) technique. The mathematical models (failure load and nugget area) correlating process parameters and their interactions with response parameters have been established. These models have been used in selecting the optimum process parameters for obtaining the desired spot welding quality at the least possible consumed power.     

Microstructure-property characterization of a friction-stir welded joint between AA5059 aluminum alloy and high density polyethylene

Aluminum alloys and high density polyethylene are utilized in a wide variety of industrial applications. In the present work the feasibility of friction stir butt welding between AA5059 alloy and high density polyethylene sheets is examined. The bonding mechanism, joint strength, and microhardness are considered in this study. Various welding parameters and tool alignment were investigated until sound joints were achieved by positioning approximately 85% of the rotating tool in the aluminum material on the advancing side (1.4 mm offset) at constant spindle speed and traverse speed of 710 rpm and 63 mm/min, respectively. The results indicate that AA5059 aluminum and high density polyethylene sheets can be successfully joined with a combination of secondary bonding and mechanical interlocking of the materials, which provides a potential alternative to adhesive bonding or mechanical fastening.     

水性聚氨酯的硬段结晶与粘接性能

将HDI与IPDI按照不同的摩尔比混合后与PTMG-2000、1,4-BG、DMPA反应,制备了具有不同硬段规整度的系列水性聚氨酯;利用WXRD、DSC、FT-IR等研究了HDI对水性聚氨酯的硬段结晶性能的影响,分析了硬段结晶度与粘接性能之间的关系。结果表明,随着HDI/IPDI摩尔比的增加,水性聚氨酯分子链上氨基甲酸酯键之间氢键密度提高,硬段结晶性能也随之改善;对铝箔的初粘接强度显著增强,最终粘接强度可达8.5 MPa左右。     

铝箔生产中铝箔毛料的组织控制

从铝箔轧制的特点论述了铝箔毛料质量在铝箔生产中的重要性;分析了铝箔毛料质量的影响因素,重点阐述了化学成分、合金相控制、热处理工艺对组织的影响,并综述了在组织控制方面的研究成果;提出了组织控制标准和控制手段.     

Joining of blanks by cold pressure welding: Incremental rolling and strategies for surface activation and heat treatment

The cold pressure welding of metals is a joining by forming technique capable of joining both similar and dissimilar metals in their solid state. In this article collective research on the cold pressure welding of metals with the aim of increasing both the overall weld strength and the weld‐ability is presented. The application of innovative strategies based on electrochemical methods for an optimized conditioning of metal surfaces is investigated. The results account for a noticeable increase in the weld strength of steel‐aluminum joints after a surface activation consisting of either an electrochemical roughening or electrodeposition of a bifunctional organosilane thin film. In addition to the surface activation process regimes for the pre‐ and post‐welding heat treatment is investigated. Both weld strength and weld ability are improved due to heat treatments of steel sheets with various coatings and uncoated aluminium. The cold pressure welding is hereby done by incremental rolling, a new design process that allows for the manufacture of linear and curved joints between sheet metal blanks.