热镀锌钢表面硅烷膜的制备、表征及成膜机理

硅烷合成简单,性能结构独特,硅醇与锌表面结合及自身交联可在锌层表面形成一层致密的保护膜,从而大幅度提高镀锌材料的耐蚀性.当前,对硅烷在热镀锌钢表面的成膜机理尚无定论,采用反射吸收红外光谱(RA-IR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究了硅烷膜的成分、结构及膜层与镀锌层之间结合状态.结果表明,硅烷膜主要由C,O,Si等元素组成,硅烷分子并非简单地以物理吸附的方式与热镀锌层结合在一起,而是与其表面的Zn-OH发生了化学作用,形成了Si-O-Zn键,使得硅烷界面层与热镀锌层紧密结合在一起,在热镀锌层上干燥固化后形成了致密的三维网络结构.     

具有优异纺丝性的陶瓷先驱体含铝聚碳硅烷的合成及表征

选择适当分子量的低分子量聚碳硅烷与Al(AcAc)3在自制常压高温合成装置中合成了含铝碳化硅纤维的先驱体--聚铝碳硅烷(polyaluminocarbosilane,PACS).并对PACS进行了软化点测试、傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)分析、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)测试、元素分析以及可纺性研究.由中等分子量聚碳硅烷为原料合成出的软化点为194.8～220.1,Si-H键含量为0.857,数均分子量为2353,分子量分布呈"双峰"分布的PACS,经熔融纺丝得到了直径为5μm、表面光滑、直径均匀的原丝,表现出了优异的纺丝性能.     

氧化预处理提高钢硅烷处理效果的机理分析

对钢表面进行了氧化预处理,采用扫描电镜、能谱和红外光谱研究了钢/氧化层/硅烷层/环氧涂层体系的界面结合特征,通过与未经氧化预处理的体系进行比较,研究氧化层对硅烷聚合方式、界面构象以及成键方式的影响.结果表明:钢表面氧化后,拉伸剪切破坏主要发生在硅烷/涂层界面,而未经氧化预处理的试样,弱相界面位于钢/硅烷界面.氧化层可以抑制硅烷自身的缩聚,促进硅烷在钢表面的定向吸附,显著提高钢/涂层界面结合强度.     

硅烷偶联剂对碳微球的表面化学修饰

首先采用混酸体系对碳微球(CMSs)表面进行氧化处理,使CMSs表面引入含氧官能团,进而以γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-570)与CMSs表面发生缩合反应,得到了表面有机修饰的CMSs.利用傅立叶红外光谱仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱等检测手段对各阶段的产物进行了形貌和结构表征,并研究了其在乙...     

有机硅烷构建超疏水表面的研究进展

有机硅烷中的硅氧烷、氯硅烷、氟硅烷具有活泼的化学反应特性,易形成低表面能的单分子层或者聚硅氧烷涂层,是构建超疏水表面的重要材料.近年来,人们利用这些有机硅烷构建超疏水表面开展了大量的研究,在自清洁、抗粘附、防腐等方面具有重要的意义.根据现有的理论和研究,综述了该领域取得的最新研究进展,并探讨了目前所存在的问题.     

La2O3纳米粒子及硅烷在铜合金表面处理液中协同作用的研究

为了提高铜合金表面的耐蚀性,研究了 La2O3纳米粒子、硅烷的协同作用,通过优选试验获得了含有硅烷(PropS-SH)基础处理液配方,利用扫描电镜(SEM)及X射线衍射仪(XRD)对处理后的铜合金表面形貌及结构进行了分析;通过交流阻抗等电化学测试方法分析了 La2O3纳米粒子与硅烷对铜合金表面性能的影响.结果表明:La...     

硝酸镧掺杂对6061铝合金表面硅烷膜耐蚀性能的影响

为改善铝及铝合金的表面防腐蚀性能,在γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-560)基础溶液中添加不同含量的硝酸镧,在6061铝合金表面制备不同硝酸镧浓度掺杂的硅烷-镧盐复合膜;采用极化曲线、硫酸铜点滴、腐蚀失重率试验等方法分析膜层性能,并得出了镧盐最佳用量。对比分析了最佳镧盐用量下复合膜、硅烷膜和稀土转化膜的耐蚀性能。结果表明:在KH-560硅烷膜制备过程中添加一定量硝酸镧可有效提高硅烷膜的耐蚀性,添加15 g/L硝酸镧时,形成的复合膜层致密且没有裂纹,耐蚀性最好;与单一的硅烷、镧盐转化膜相比,复合膜表现出很好的耐蚀性。     

黄铜表面复合纳米硅烷膜的制备及其耐蚀性能

目前对黄铜表面处理时采用复合纳米硅烷膜技术的研究报道不多。在黄铜表面采用浸涂技术制备γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷膜,运用电化学方法研究复合纳米硅烷膜在3.50%氯化钠溶液中的耐蚀性,并用SEM表征复合纳米硅烷膜黄铜腐蚀前后的形貌。结果表明:添加纳米材料复合纳米硅烷膜的黄铜在3.50%的氯化钠溶液中具有很强的耐蚀性,其自腐蚀电流密度下降至3.576×10~(-9)A/cm~2,自腐蚀电位正移。添加纳米材料的复合纳米硅烷膜在腐蚀前后的形貌基本不变,耐蚀性明显优于未添加纳米材料的纯硅烷膜。     

硅烷在无铬锌铝涂料中的应用现状及展望

硅烷偶联剂含有机和无机结构,既可以作腐蚀抑制剂,也可以作良好的粘结剂,同时还具有无污染、无毒、成本低、适用范围广的特点,在无铬锌铝涂层的应用上有很大的发展空间。总结了国内外硅烷在无铬锌铝涂层中的应用情况,指出复配硅烷和含环氧基团的硅烷类技术具有很好的发展潜力。     

镀锡层表面无机硅/有机硅烷复合钝化膜的制备及性能

为了进一步提高镀锡钢板的耐蚀性,以正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)和四丙氧基硅烷(TPOS)为无机硅前驱体,分别与乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷(A151)交联,在镀锌钢板表面制得无机硅/有机硅烷复合钝化膜。采用电化学极化曲线及交流阻抗(EIS)谱、中性盐雾试验、抗硫性试验、附着力试验、原子力显微镜(AFM)等研究了2种复合钝化膜的耐蚀性、抗硫变性、附着力及形貌。结果表明:以四丙氧基硅烷为前驱体的无机硅/有机硅烷复合转化膜具有更好的耐腐蚀性能、附着力、表面形貌及抗硫性,2 h中性盐雾腐蚀后其表面未出现任何锈斑。     

Effects of Current Density on Microstructure of Titania Coatings by Micro-arc Oxidation

In the present study, titania coatings were prepared under different current density conditions in micro-arc oxidation (MAO) process on titanium alloy in NaAlO2 solution. The aim of this work was to study the effects of current density on the microstructure of titania coatings. The morphology and phase composition of the coatings were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectra. The thickness and surface roughness of the coatings were characterized by confocal laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). The results showed that the coatings were composed of crystalline anatase and rutile phases of TiO2, and contain a network of evenly distributed small pores. It has also shown that an increase in current density leads to an increase in rutile content.     

H+辐照前后C-SiC涂层的红外吸收光谱研究

对在不锈钢基体上用离子束混合技术沉积的C－SiC涂层，进行了二次离子质谱（SIMS）及傅氏变换红外吸收光谱（FI－IR）的分析。研究了不锈钢基体涂覆前后的H^ 辐照的氢浓度分布以及H^ 辐照前后涂层的红外光谱振动吸收峰的变化，对SiC涂层阻氢的机理进行了探讨。     

Positron annihilation in corrosion protective polymeric coatings,II

Positron annihilation was studied in four commercial polymeric coatings on iron. Positron lifetime measurements were performed before and after exposure of the coatings to boiling water for 1 h. A correlation was observed between the effect of water exposure on the lifetime spectra and the protective properties of the coatings when exposed to 0.1M sulfuric acid at 60°C for 1010 h. The coatings that provided good corrosion protection in the acid showed minor changes in the positron lifetime spectra upon exposure to water. The spectra of coatings that showed poor corrosion protection, on the other hand, exhibited considerable changes in the positron lifetime spectra upon exposure to water.     

Ormosil coatings of high hardness

Organically modified silicates (ormosils) of two systems were coated on polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) substrates. One was the tetraethoxysilane (TEOS)-vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) system and the other was the TEOS-tetraisopropyltitanate (TIPT)-VTES system. The reactions among the alkoxides were examined by liquid state ²⁹Si nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The chemical bonds between TEOS and VTES, between TEOS and TIPT, and between VTES and TIPT are shown in the spectra and the reaction schemes are proposed. Vickers hardnesses of the ormosil coatings were obtained by using the models developed by Jönsson and Hogmark, and the theoretical models developed by the authors were valuable to predict the hardness values. The ormosil coatings obtained in the present study were much harder than the hardest transparent plastics, and thus are very useful for hard or protective coatings on organic polymers.     

低温等离子体对NiTi形状记忆合金的表面改性

在微波电子回旋共振低温等离子体条件下,用二乙二醇二甲醚为试剂对镍钛合金进行表面改性.在表面得到一层均匀、致密的固体薄膜.经过X射线光电子能谱和衰减全反射傅立叶变换红外光谱的分析和表征,发现沉积的涂层为类PEG结构,表面主要聚集大量-CH2-CH2-O键;血浆蛋白吸附实验显示,与改性前相比,等离子体沉积在镍钛合金表面的类PEG涂层能够有效抵抗蛋白质吸附.     

FTIR and Raman spectra of bioceramics obtained by an innovative method

Bioceramic coatings with defined chemical composition and structure are often needed to satisfy specific biocompatibility properties in the prosthetic field. An example is hydroxyapatite (HA) for coatings, which, according to the Standard Specifications of the ASTM, must be crystalline and have a stoichiometric molar ratio Ca/P=1.67 with a 95% minimum amount of HA. Since the methods (plasma flame spray, ion beam sputtering, etc.) to obtain bioceramic coatings, in particular those for HA, induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and physical state of the coating, an alternative and innovative method (the so-called polymeric route) which provides bioceramic coatings under less severe conditions with controlled chemical composition and structure, was used in this work. The method was applied to the preparation not only of HA, but also, for the first time, of high-temperature-melting calcium phosphate bioactive glasses with a molar ratio CaO/P₂O₅=1 (calcium metaphosphate) and in the range 1–1.5 (calcium oligophosphates). The different phases of the process were characterized by vibrational FTIR spectra. The structure of the final glasses were also studied by Raman spectroscopy and compared with the spectra of the same products obtained by the traditional melting method.     

等离子喷涂碳化硼/钼涂层氚的滞留性能研究

为了保证核能源的使用安全, 对氚在第一壁材料表面的滞留数量以及深度进行定量表征非常重要。在本研究中, 制备了一系列潜在的第一壁材料B₄C/Mo 涂层, 并采用成像板(IP)和β射线激发X射线(BIXS)法对其表面的氚滞留情况进行了测定。IP 图像表明, 涂层表面吸附的氚含量遵循以下顺序: B₄C>BM15>BM5>Mo。而BIXS结果进一步表明, 对于B₄C涂层, 大部分氚扩散到了涂层内部; 而对于其他三种涂层, 氚仅在其表面发生吸附。扫描电镜(SEM)结果显示, B₄C涂层气孔率最高, 而其他三种涂层尽管气孔率较低, 但其截面仍能观察到大量气孔和微裂纹的存在。涂层中的这些缺陷为氚的吸收和扩散提供了通道, 而气孔与微裂纹的尺寸最终决定了氚在涂层表面的吸附数量。实验结果还表明, 涂层杂质成分Ti的存在也对氚的滞留产生了一定影响。     

Sonoelectrochemical deposition of calcium phosphates on carbon materials: effect of current density

Calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings on carbon fabric substrate were produced by sonoelectrodeposition at different current densities (5, 8, 13, 20 and 34 mA/cm²). The surface morphology and chemical composition of the coatings were characterized by SEM, Raman and FTIR spectra. The results showed that at 5 mA/cm² current density, the coating exhibits plate-like morphology, indicating an octacalcium phosphate (OCP) phase was pre-formed in the deposits and then converted into hydroxyapatite (HA). When the current density was increased to 8 mA/cm² and higher, the coatings exhibited needle-like morphology corresponding to a HA phase. Furthermore, the sonoelectrodeposited CaP coating exhibited denser and more uniform structures with smaller crystal sizes as the current density increased. Cathodic reaction mechanisms of CaP coatings on carbon in the sonoelectrochemical processes are proposed to explain the different kinds of calcium phosphate obtained.     

CR/PU共混粘合剂红外透明性对涂层发射率的影响

用氯丁橡胶(CR)共混聚氨酯(PU)制备了不同红外透明性的粘合剂,并分别添加不同含量的铜粉等填料,制得不同发射率的红外隐身涂层。对粘合剂的红外光谱、发射率及涂层的发射率、微观形貌等进行了分析。结果表明,随粘合剂中聚氨酯含量的增大,粘合剂的透明性变差、发射率增大,涂层的发射率也增大;当铜粉添加量较大时,涂层发射率较小,粘合剂的红外透明性对涂层发射率的影响也相对小一些;并着重对其原因进行了分析。     

Thickness of diamond-like carbon coatings quantified with Raman spectroscopy

A model is developed for quantifying the thickness of thin coatings and wear scars using Raman spectroscopy. The model, which assumes that both incident and Raman light obey Beer's law, was applied to Raman spectra from a diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating containing Si and O, known as DLN (diamond-like nanocomposite). The coatings ranged in thickness from 10 nm to 2 μm, according to stylus profilometry. Systematic variations in the Raman carbon (G band) and Si (1st order) peak intensities vs. thickness were found. Fits to the model gave an optical mean free path of λ250 nm for DLN. This value is in good agreement with optical absorption coefficient values of other DLC films. Thickness profiles of wear tracks in the coatings determined by the model compared well with depths determined by profilometry.