气体雾化工艺参数对Mm(NiCoMnAl)_5储氢合金电化学性能的影响

分别对雾化过热度、凝固速率、凝固后冷却速率、雾化气氛等工艺参数对Mm(NiCoMnAl) 5储氢合金电化学性能的影响进行了研究。发现采用低的雾化过热度、高的凝固后冷却速率工艺 ,在纯度较高的惰性气氛中制备的 30～ 75 μm储氢合金粉末 ,具有良好的电化学性能。     

凝固方式对钒基储氢合金性能的影响

分别采用空冷、水冷和液氮冷却三种凝固方式制备了V_3TiNi_(0.56)Cr_(0.4)钒基储氢合金,并进行了电化学性能和储氢性能的测试与分析。结果表明,凝固方式对合金电化学性能和储氢性能产生明显影响。分别采用空冷、水冷和液氮冷却的合金,充放电循环20次后放电容量分别衰减了84%、73%、38%,室温最大吸氢量分别达到1.467%、1.514%、1.832%。     

热处理对气雾化储氢合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响

通过金相显微镜、Ｘ射线衍射分析了气体雾化方法制取的储氢合金粉主分别经５００、６００、８００℃真空热处理后合金的微观结构,研究了热处理对气体雾化储氢合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响。热处理可以消除应力,使纳米晶长大成微晶,并有效地提高气雾化储氢合金的放电容量和活化性能。     

特种工艺方法制备储氢合金评述

首先分别简述了气体雾化法、熔体快淬法和铸带法制备储氢合金的微观组织结构特征和电化学性能。其次从合金电极充—放电机理出发分析了具有易活化、高容量、长寿命及高倍率性能等优异电化学性能的储氢合金应该具有的理想微观组织特征。说明了气体雾化法和快淬法在储氧合金制备中固有的弊端，指出铸带法是3种特种工艺方法中制备高性能AB5型储氢合金的最佳选择。     

制备工艺对钒钛储氢合金电化学性能的影响

为了提高钒钛储氢合金电化学性能,采用不同的铸造工艺制备了钒钛储氢合金试样,并进行了电化学腐蚀性能和电化学循环稳定性的测试与分析。结果表明:与常规铸造的优化工艺相比,超声铸造工艺使试样的腐蚀电位正移0.125 V,放电容量衰减率减小29%,电化学腐蚀性能和电化学循环稳定性均得到显著提高。钒钛储氢合金的铸造工艺优选超声铸造工艺。     

AB_(3.8)型La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.3)Co_(0.5)储氢合金颗粒度对其电化学性能的影响

采用筛分法测试了La0.75Mg0.25Ni3.3Co0.5储氢合金粉的粒度分布。结果表明,随着合金颗粒度减小,相应颗粒度的合金含量(质量分数)几乎呈线性增加,从合金颗粒度为58μm时的21%增加到38μm时的29%。同时,选用不同颗粒度的La0.75Mg0.25Ni3.3Co0.5合金粉制备了储氢合金电极,研究了合金颗粒度对储氢合金电极的活化性能、最大放电容量、放电特性以及循环稳定性的影响规律与机制。研究表明,合金颗粒度的大小对合金电极的活化性能基本无影响,合金电极均具有好的活化性能,经1至2个循环后达到最大放电容量。随着合金颗粒度的减小,合金电极的最大放电容量持续增加,从合金颗粒度为58μm时的332.5 m Ah·g-1增加到38μm时的最大值342.9 m Ah·g-1;放电中值电位先降低后升高,由合金颗粒度为58μm时的1.0302 V减小到45μm时的0.9825 V,然后增加到38μm时的1.0141 V;容量衰减速度呈现出先变慢后加快的变化规律。综合比较,在合金颗粒度为48μm时,La0.75Mg0.25Ni3.3Co0.5储氢合金电极展示了最佳的综合电化学性能,电化学性能的改善主要归因于合金电极电荷转移速度的加速和内阻的减小。     

AB5型储氢合金性能波动的原因探析

通过研究稀土原料中的杂质及合金的微观组织,探讨了用感应炉批量生产ＡＢ５型储氢合金性能波动的可能原因。储氢合金的性能由合金的成分、微观组织和表面状态决定。合金性能波动除受浇铸时的冷却条件影响外,还与稀土原料中铁、镁等杂质及熔炼工艺因素有关。     

喷雾沉积ZA27合金微滴热过程物理模型与数值分析

采用牛顿冷却、均质形核和连续生长模型，建立雾化工艺参数与飞行中微滴热过程的数学模型，并用ＺＡ２７合金进行数值计算和分析。结果表明，在较低雾化压力（￣０．７ＭＰａ）下，直径２０￣８０μｍ微滴的冷却速率在１０＾６￣１０＾４Ｋ／ｓ之间。过冷度与微滴直径的对数呈线性关系。直径越大所能达到的最大过冷度越小，２０μｍ直径的微滴过冷度约为０．２Ｔｍ。一旦形核，凝固将在较短的飞行距离内（０．０４ｍ）完成。     

粉末粒度对储氢合金电化学性能与气态储氢性能的影响

采用真空中频感应熔炼炉熔炼La_(0.67)Mg_(0.33)Ni_(2.5)Co_(0.5)合金,机械研磨成粉,分级过筛得到一系列不同粒度的合金粉末(平均粒度为10μm、53μm、77μm、119μm、196μm),通过XRD、SEM、激光衍射法等方法系统地研究分析了粉末粒度对储氢合金La_(0.67)Mg_(0.33)Ni_(2.5)Co_(0.5)气态储氢性能和电化学性能的影响。不同粒度合金气态吸放氢循环后都发生了不同程度的粉化,大颗粒以表面剥落的方式产生细粉,小颗粒以体断裂的方式粉化,小颗粒的抗粉化能力更强,电化学循环后,合金粉末粉化造成粉末掉渣形成孔洞。粒度越小,气态储氢孕育期越短,活化时间越短,电化学活化性能越好。随着合金粒度的减小,理论最大放电容量和实际测试的最大放电容量也随之减小,而理论容量发挥值却在增加。随循环次数增加,气态饱和储氢量和电化学放电容量急剧下降,小粒度合金循环寿命略好于大粒度合金粉。     

新型钒基新能源汽车电池合金的储氢性能与电化学研究

对汽车电池用铸造钒基V_3TiNi_(0.56)合金和V_3TiNi_(0.56)Y_(0.1)Co_(0.1)新型合金试样进行了铸造试验,并进行了储氢性能、电化学性能和显微组织的测试与分析。结果表明:与V_3TiNi_(0.56)合金相比,V_3TiNi_(0.56)Y_(0.1)Co_(0.1)新型合金的最大吸氢量从3.13%增大到3.88%,充放电循环20次后放电容量保有率从23%增大到91%,合金的枝晶臂细化、枝晶间距变小,合金的储氢性能和电化学性能得到明显提高。合金元素Y和Co的添加,有利于提高汽车电池用铸造钒基V_3TiNi_(0.56)合金的储氢性能和电化学循环稳定性能。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.