关于清洁生产审核中陶企污水排放标准的答疑

问：最近我厂响应佛山市政府的号召。启动了第一轮的清洁生产审核工作，咨询专家后，专家要求我厂的污水排放系统必须进行改造，实现零排放。然而。一直以来环保部门对污水排放有一定标准，是否可以理解为污水达标之后就可以排放呢？     

生活小区污水回用可行性探讨

许多生活小区都建有污水处理厂，小区污水经处理后排放。对缺水地区，这部分水经处理后可以回用作生活杂用水，为此，本文提出了混凝沉淀、过滤的改进工艺，可满足生活杂用水的要求。     

用木屑和工业润滑油净化含铬工业污水

用经硫酸溶液或氢氧化钠溶液浸泡过程的木屑还原工业污水中的六价铬，用含油酸和三乙醇胺的工业润滑油萃取污水的三价铬，可以完全除铬净化污水，材料便宜易得，净化效果良好。     

珠海将建南水污水处理厂

珠海市环境保护局消息：高栏港经济区拟投资1．079亿元，建设南水污水处理厂。南水污水处理厂设计日处理能力为5万m^3，收集污水范围包括精细化工区和部分石化基地工业区工业污水、南水镇生活污水，纳污范围为37km^2。项目预计2008年建成投入使用，联系部门为珠海环保局。     

红日阿康公司磷铵分厂做好环保“排头兵”

以前，山东红日阿康公司磷铵分厂产生的污水要打人公司污水站，需要4名员工专门处理。现在，磷铵分厂担当起污水回收利用的重任，不但消化掉自身产生的污水，还是该公司污水站的“用水大户。”     

污水余热在稠油联合站的应用

辽河油田属于典型的稠油油田,采用传统的蒸汽吞吐、电加热工艺等采油工艺,采出的原油混液在联合站进行油水分离过程中会产生大量含油污水,这些含油污水往往温度很高。例如高升采油厂采油作业二区含油污水可以达到60-63℃。由此可见,油田污水的余热回收潜力巨大。通过利用处理合格的高温污水洗井和污水为卸油槽伴热将污水热能回收来降低联合站能耗,很好地解决稠油油田天然气消耗较多的问题。     

生活污水与工业污水混合处理工艺技术应用

对工业企业的生活污水与工业污水混合处理的工艺技术设计了典型的工艺流程，提出了相关主要工艺参数，并进行了工业化生产应用研究试验，应用研究结果表明，对已经建有用活性污泥法处理工业污水设施的企业，可采用生活废水与工业废水混合处理的技术，同时实现生活污水和工业废水的达标排放，且投资少，运行费用低廉。     

齐鲁乙烯污水处理场污水深度处理及利用

利用乙烯污水场现有的污水处理设施，对工艺管线进行适当改造，将污水进行深度处理并加以利用，达到节约用水的目的。     

超滤膜截留分子量的选择——超滤法处理洗毛污水

超滤膜截留分子量的选择──超滤法处理洗毛污水辽宁省轻工业设计院范垂甫东北大学化学系郑志明超滤膜的出现，为污水处理技术的发展开拓了广阔的前景，特别是在处理洗毛污水方面的应用。它不但能回收污水中的羊毛脂，同时，超滤液还可以回用洗毛。所以，此方法日益受到人...     

广州番禺区将建八个污水处理厂

番禺区市政园林管理局消息，番禺区拟从今年开始建东涌、大岗、榄核、化龙（含新造）、南村、大石（含洛浦）、钟村、龙美八大污水处理厂。建成后将使全区的生活污水和工业污水早日得到有效处理，到2010年，城市污水处理率达百分百。联系部门为番禺区市政园林管理局。     

Activation of Endogenous Retrovirus,Brain Infections and Environmental Insults in Neurodegeneration and Alzheimer’s Disease

Chronic neurodegenerative diseases are complex, and their pathogenesis is uncertain. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative brain alteration that is responsible for most dementia cases in the elderly. AD etiology is still uncertain; however, chronic neuroinflammation is a constant component of brain pathology. Infections have been associated with several neurological diseases and viruses of the Herpes family appear to be a probable cause of AD neurodegenerative alterations. Several different factors may contribute to the AD clinical progression. Exogeneous viruses or other microbes and environmental pollutants may directly induce neurodegeneration by activating brain inflammation. In this paper, we suggest that exogeneous brain insults may also activate retrotransposons and silent human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs). The initial inflammation of small brain areas induced by virus infections or other brain insults may activate HERV dis-regulation that contributes to neurodegenerative mechanisms. Chronic HERV activation in turn may cause progressive neurodegeneration that thereafter merges in cognitive impairment and dementia in genetically susceptible people. Specific treatment for exogenous end endogenous pathogens and decreasing pollutant exposure may show beneficial effect in early intervention protocol to prevent the progression of cognitive deterioration in the elderly.     

Purification of Industrial Waste Water Applying Thermal Methods and Comparison with Biological Treatment

Industrial effluents can still respond to biological treatment if they contain high proportions of organic matter, provided that they can be mixed with other effluents that have a lower pollutant load so that the maximum permissible organic carbon in the entire water treatment plant is not exceeded. However integrated treatment consisting of a prior physical stage followed by a biological stage may be cheaper than biological treatment alone. The results depend on the nature and concentration of pollutants. In fact, purely physical treatment may even be the most economic of all for many effluents polluted by organic matter. In many cases, physical methods may be an absolute necessity. For instance, the pollutants may not be completely biodegradable and may not respond to chemical pretreatment. Alternatively, the effluent to be treated may contain valuable substances whose recovery is essential for the economics of the process concerned. Important physical methods for realizing this aim include thermal processes, e. g. evaporation, crystallization, distillation, rectification and extraction. They may be applied singly or combined. Obviously, these methods may also be resorted to for recovering substances formerly regarded as waste. If a significant improvement is to be achieved in the ecological situation and if industrial production capacity expands according to expectation, these substances may well be regarded in future as resources, and their recovery may become imperative.     

电机用电刷无火花区测试方法

通过人为改变换向电势大小，打破电抗电势与换向电势平衡。用试验的方法考核电刷承受这种破坏的能力，承受能力越大，换向性能越佳，刷下火花越小。     

Nematode reproductive and ingestive responses to helminth and host chemical stimuli

Current knowledge of the involvement of chemical stimuli in the reproductive and ingestive physiology of zooparasitic nematodes is reviewed. The habitat of zooparasitic nematodes, coupled with their sensory reduction, indicates that chemical stimuli may modulate most aspects of their behavioral physiology. Nematodes respond to the feeding status of the host so that the helminth's pharyngeal pumping, site selection, and sexual activity may be altered. Biogenic amines from the host, such as histamine, dopamine, or serotonin, may synchronize host and helminth ingestion. Octopamine, which is released by nematodes, depresses ingestion by male, but not female, worms. Biogenic amines may also regulate ovipositioning by female helminths. Nematodes release pheromones that enable precopulatory location of a mate. The male helminth is activated by both components of the female's pheromone while movement by the female is probably arrested by male-produced chemicals. Continuation of spectral analyses may allow future identification of female pheromone. The male's pheromone receptor binds lectin that is specific for mannose residues. Host immunity also alters the behavior of nematodes. Ingestion by nematodes is depressed by serum, particularly IgG₁, from infected animals. Similar results occur after immunization of noninfected hosts. Immune serum has no effect on pheromone communication between the sexes of helminth, but depresses ovipositional behavior of female worms. Exploitation of these chemical signals and the helminths' responses may allow novel techniques for disease control.     

Highly Regioselective,Lewis Acid-Free Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution

By appropriate choice of solid catalyst and stoichiometric reagent it is possible to develop alternative procedures for many electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions that avoid the need for Lewis acid catalysts such as aluminium chloride. Furthermore, the catalysts may be regenerated, the reactions may be more controlled, corrosive by-products may be avoided and the structural features of the solid may lead to much greater regioselectivity than with traditional Lewis acids. Examples where such benefits are found include nitration, chlorination, bromination and acylation. © 1997 SCI.     

Epilepsy in Pregnancy—Management Principles and Focus on Valproate

An estimated 60 million people worldwide suffer from epilepsy, half of whom are women. About one-third of women with epilepsy are of childbearing age. The childbirth rate in women with epilepsy is about 20–40% lower compared to that of the general population, which may be partly due to a lower number of these women being in relationships. Lower fertility in women with epilepsy may be linked to the disease itself, but it is mainly a result of the treatment provided. Valproate, as an antiepileptic drug inhibiting histone deacetylases, may affect the expression of genes associated with cell cycle control and cellular differentiation. Evidently, this drug is associated with the risk of malformations although other antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) may also trigger birth defects, however, to a lower degree. Valproate (and to a certain degree other AEDs) may induce autism spectrum disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The main mechanism responsible for all negative effects of prenatal exposure to valproate seems inhibition of histone deacetylases. Animal studies show a reduction in the expression of genes involved in social behavior and an increase in hippocampal cytokines. Valproate-induced oxidative stress may also contribute to neural tube defects. Interestingly, paternal exposure to this AED in mice may trigger neurodevelopmental disorders as well although a population-based cohort study does not confirm this effect. To lower the risk of congenital malformations and neurodevelopmental disorders, a single AED at the optimal dose and supplementation with folic acid is recommended. VPA should be avoided in women of childbearing age and especially during pregnancy.     

过冷中间流体气化器换热过程实验

中间流体气化器(IFV)是液化天然气浮式储存与再气化装置中关键设备之一。IFV较多采用丙烷作为中间流体,利用其蒸发、冷凝相变过程将LNG气化,而过冷中间流体换热流程可以减小气化器体积。通过对过冷丙烷换热流程进行实验,充分结合实际FSRU海平面运行背景,验证中间流体丙烷在水平面和倾斜角度下的换热特性及对整个换热过程的影响因素。实验发现海平面的略微晃动对其换热有一定的增强;当海水温度随四季发生改变升高时,中间流体提供给LNG的气化换热量也会增大,海水进出口温度差也会增大;当海水流量变大时,整个过程的换热强度增大。     

DETERMINING THE DEGREE OF DIFFERENCING FOR TIME SERIES VIA THE LOG SPECTRUM

Abstract. While many time series require differencing before a model may be fitted it has been shown that 'overdifferencing' may result in a fitted model with poor long term forecasting properties. This may present real problems when the degree of differencing which is appropriate is fractional. We show that the log spectrum is a natural quantity to consider when attempting to determine the degree of differencing required and outline the distribution theory required. The ideas are shown to extend to the seasonal case and can be used to assess whether seasonal differencing is appropriate.     

Color measurement and color formulation of plastic surfaces that differ in specular reflectance

Because the sample to be matched may not have the same physical characteristics as the final product, the color may be near to what is required, but the gloss of the sample may not be. New color measurement software now accommodates differences in specular reflection between sample, batch, and pigment data files.