小波分析在信号降噪中的应用

针对信号检测中经常存在的噪声污染问题,利用小波分解之后可以在各个层次选择阈值,对噪声成分进行抑制,手段更加灵活。本文介绍了小波变换的一般理论以及在信号降噪中的应用,分析了被噪声污染后的信号的特性;利用MATLAB软件进行了信号降噪的模拟仿真实验并在降噪光滑性和相似性两个方面体现出小波变换的优势。本文分别使用了不同类型的小波和相同类型小波下不同阈值对信号进行了降噪.仿真结果表明小波变换具有良好降噪的效果。     

一种基于自适应滤波的语音降噪方法研究

分析和研究自适应滤波和小波变换法的原理及方法,提出了一种新的综合使用自适应滤波和小波变换法的语音降噪方法。该方法首先用仿生小波变换法对带噪声的语音信号进行小波分解,将小渡变换法分离出来的噪声信号作为自适应滤波器的输入。最后选择用最小均方误差（LMS）的自适应算法对带噪声语音信号进行降噪处理,实现了信噪分离,去除语音信号中的噪声信号。实验结果表明,该方法对语音信号有较为明显的降噪效果。     

模极大值降噪法在信号降噪中的应用

利用信号与噪声奇异点Lipschitz指数的区别,以及反映在其小波变换模极大值曲线上的特点,应用小波变换模极大值降噪法,对含有带限高斯白噪声的数字通信信号进行了降噪处理,并对降噪原理、算法和仿真结果进行了较为详细的分析。提出了一种信号重构新方法,该方法利用小波变换对信号和噪声的模极大值进行分离,通过对噪声模极大值对应的小波系数进行线性压缩后重构信号,并用仿真试验验证了该方法的有效性。     

声发射信号的小波阈值降噪研究

声发射技术检测到的信号是一种非平稳信号,而对于含有噪声的非平稳信号降噪效果较好的方法是小波分析法。通过理论分析和试验研究,论述了基函数和阈值的选取对声发射信号小波降噪效果的影响,分析了声发射信号降噪过程中小波变换和小波包变换的区别,以及小波节点能量与信号降噪效果的联系。     

小波去噪在缓变机械故障检测中的应用

针对缓变机械故障信号频率低易受高频噪声干扰的情况,提出了利用小波变换对振动信号进行降噪的方法,通过与传统的经典滤波方法相比,小波变换降噪方法在去除掉高频噪声的同时也保留了信号的高频成分,是一种比傅立叶变换更有效的降噪方法。通过实验数据的比较分析,验证了小波去噪是针对机械信号的环境特点最为有效的降噪方法,从而达到有效提取有用信号并探测目标的目的。     

二代小波降噪在激光陀螺信号滤波中的应用

为了抑制激光陀螺的随机漂移,提高其使用精度,提出了一种改进的第二代小波变换降噪方法对陀螺随机漂移测试数据进行滤波处理.该方法在二代小波变换时采用多组预测器和更新器,根据变换样本与相邻样本之间的相关性检测信号的局部特征,确定每个尺度上的每个变换样本的最佳预测器和更新器,使小波能够较好地适应信号的局部特征.该方法克服了传统小波变换降噪方法的缺陷,不仅可以有效地去除原始信号中的噪声,而且能够保留原始信号的局部特征.运用该方法对激光陀螺测试数据进行了滤波降噪实验,并用Allan方差法对不同降噪算法的降噪效果进行了比较分析,实验结果验证了该方法的有效性和优越性.     

小波变换在遥感图像处理中的应用

遥感图像处理对于航空、航天、军事侦察、灾害预报等许多军事和民用领域至关重要,本文针对遥感图像噪声大、边界不清楚等问题,提出了应用小波变换对遥感图像进行降噪和边缘检测处理的方法。然后详细介绍了基于小波变换的图像降噪和图像边缘检测原理,并对具体的遥感图像进行降噪和边缘检测处理,实验结果表明小波变换降噪结果优于中值滤波和均值滤波降噪结果,基于小波变换的边缘检测可有效地检测遥感灰度图像的边缘,其边缘检测结果优于Canny算子。     

基于改进傅里叶变换的电子音乐信号降噪算法

针对以往电子音乐信号降噪算法因未在降噪处理前分离无噪声电子音乐信号以及噪声信号,导致无法全面清除噪音,提出一种基于改进傅里叶变换的电子音乐信号降噪算法。该算法对电子音乐信号进行鲁棒主成分分析,将电子音乐信号转化为低秩矩阵以及稀疏大噪声矩阵之和,通过核范数优化方法优化以上矩阵之和,有效分离无噪声电子音乐信号以及噪声信号,利用改进傅里叶变换算法即小波变换算法进行电子音乐信号降噪处理时,通过经典阈值方法选取最优阈值,依据该阈值选取阈值滤波法进行电子音乐信号的小波系数处理,去除噪声信号的小波系数,通过小波逆变换滤波后的信号获取降噪后电子音乐信号。实验结果表明,该算法可以清晰地将电子音乐信号与噪声信号分离,并有效去除噪声信号,信号还原度高,且对10种电子音乐信号进行降噪能量损失量均低于2%。     

基于小波变换的断路器振动信号降噪方法

本文提出了一种基于小波变换的断路器振动信号降噪方法。该方法将振动信号分解到不同的时间尺度上,并剔除高频噪声分量,再对其余分量进行重构从而获得降噪后的振动信号。实验证明,该方法对振动信号等非平稳信号的高频噪声具有良好的降噪效果。     

心电信号降噪小波函数选取的定量研究

为了定量地评估不同小波函数对心电（ECG）信号的降噪效果,建立了含噪声的ECG模型作为实验标准信号,采用正交小波变换和不同阈值方法来对该标准信号进行高频噪声消除实验,通过信噪比参数结合波形形态来衡量降噪效果。实验表明,当降噪后信噪比接近标准信号信噪比时,降噪效果最佳,得到既能保证信号失真度小又具有较高信噪比的降噪方案和适用于ECG信号小波分解和重构的小波函数,最后通过MIT-BIH数据库数据验证了利用该研究结果能够有效地消除ECG信号中的高频噪声。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks