雾天环境下激光传输的衰减特性研究

激光在大气中传输时容易受天气的影响,因为雨、雪、雾等恶劣天气对激光有严重的衰减作用,会使通信的稳定性变差.因此分析激光在不同天气条件下的传输效应和衰减特性非常有必要.本文根据辐射雾和平流雾中含水量和能见度的经验关系,分析了雾天气对激光大气传输衰减的计算公式,并对三种常用的雾衰减经验模型进行了Matlab数值仿真,得出了激光衰减系数和雾天气能见度的关系.     

激光大气传输的雨雾衰减特性研究

各种特殊天气的影响是制约无线光通信发展的重要因素,雨雾等天气对激光信号传输的衰减影响很大。主要研究了各种雨雾天气对激光大气传输的衰减特性,根据Mie散射理论分析了精确计算激光信号衰减的方法,并对几种常用的雨雾衰减经验模型进行Matlab数值仿真,通过分析从中得出激光衰减系数和雨雾天气能见度的关系。     

雾衰减经验模型的适用性分析

雾衰减经验模型的计算是预测雾衰减的一种重要方法。为了将雾衰减经验模型应用到实际中进行适用性分析, 从米氏散射理论出发, 采用理论推导和仿真分析的方法, 计算了Kruse模型、Kim模型和Ijaz模型中激光在不同能见度下的衰减, 分析了3个模型在计算衰减系数时的差异, 并通过搭建自由空间光通信实验平台, 将实验结果与仿真结果对比分析。结果表明, 650nm波长的激光在雾衰减信道下的衰减结果与Kim衰减模型更接近。此研究结论为西安地区自由空间光通信系统雾衰减系数分析提供了参考依据。     

雾对10.6μm红外辐射的衰减特性研究

基于gamma雾滴尺寸分布模型及辐射雾和平流雾含水量与能见度的经验关系,计算并回归得到了平流雾和辐射雾对10.6μm红外辐射的衰减与含水量和能见度的关系,其对浓辐射雾得到的雾衰减与含水量的线性关系与文献所给实验结果和半经验公式均有很好的一致性.最后对雾的红外衰减和可见光衰减进行了比较,结果表明浓平流雾对10.6μm红外辐射的雾衰减大于可见光的雾衰减.     

雾对毫米波传输衰减特性研究

本文在计算水介电常数的基础上,在瑞利近似的条件下,针对平流雾和辐射雾并结合能见度和含水量的关系,从频率、能见度、温度三方面对毫米波传输衰减进行了数值计算和仿真,最后给出了雾衰减的相关结论,对极高频电磁波在雾天气情况下的传输衰减研究有一定的参考价值。     

雾对10.6μm红外辐射的衰减特性研究

基于gamma雾滴尺寸分布模型及辐射雾和平流雾含水量与能见度的经验关系，计算并回归得到了平流雾和辐射雾对10.6μm红外辐射的衰减与含水量和能见度的关系，其对浓辐射雾得到的雾衰减与含水量的线性关系与文献所给实验结果和半径经验公式均很好的一致性，最后对雾的红外衰减和可见光衰减进行了比较，结果表明浓平流雾对10.6μm红外辐射雾衰减大于可见光的雾衰减。     

降雨和雾气天气下自由空间光通信性能研究

天气的影响会导致自由空间光通信系统性能恶化。利用Mie理论和两种雨滴谱分布模型,计算了不同降雨量下大气激光传输的衰减;根据Kim和AlNaboulsi模型计算了激光在不同能见度下的衰减。研究了降雨和雾气对自由空间光通信系统性能的影响,分析了不同降雨量时降雨和雾气天气条件下传输距离与误码率的关系以及发射功率与误码率的关系。结果表明,降雨量不同会影响通信距离;雾天衰减比雨天衰减更为严重,通信距离变短,为保证系统正常工作,可以适当加大发射功率。     

激光致盲武器雨雾条件下传输机理研究

非致命激光致盲武器在恶劣天气尤其是雨雾天气下使用时,打击效果较差,不能达到预期的致盲效果。因此,必须研究一种激光自动调节系统,而设计这个系统最关键的问题就是研究激光在雨雾条件下的传输机理,所以本文基于Mie散射理论分别研究了激光在雨中、雾中以及雨雾共存三种条件下的衰减情况,得到激光透过率与降雨量、雾浓度以及传输距离之间的关系。对其进行Matlab仿真,结果表明激光透过率随着降雨量的增大、雾浓度以及传输距离的增加而减小,且衰减明显。     

雾天多次散射对激光透射仪能见度测量的影响

为了分析雾天多次散射引起的激光透射仪能见度测量误差，结合激光大气透射仪的系统参量，基于平流雾和辐射雾分布模型，采用蒙特卡洛法对激光在雾中的传输特性进行了理论分析和数值模拟，获得了雾天透过率数据，并计算得到了多次散射引起的能见度误差。结果表明，在雾天气下随着空气中含水量的增多，多次散射越明显，透过率测量误差越大，辐射雾的透过率相对误差高达116.76%；同等条件下，当接收机直径为100cm时，辐射雾多次散射引起的能见度测量误差为19.30%；同时选取较小的接收机直径可以减小多次散射引起的能见度测量误差。因此, 在雾天应用激光透射仪进行能见度测量时，需考虑多次散射的影响。此研究结果对实际雾天气下激光大气透射仪能见度的测量具有重要的指导意义。     

激光在大气中传输衰减特性研究

激光在大气中传输特性的研究是激光探测与制导、激光通信等光电系统设计中的一个主要问题.利用衰减的经验模型和Mie理论,分别计算了不同大气能见度下的霾粒子对激光大气传输产生的衰减,并对这两种方法计算的结果进行比较分析;再根据Mie理论和云雾的尺度分布模型计算了云雾的激光衰减.结果表明,在近红外波段对于对流层大气中霾粒子的衰减预测应用Mie理论计算更合理;云雾引起的衰减一般较大,并且随着能见度的减小,衰减增加较快.因此,当Vb＜15km时,霾引起的衰减需要考虑;当Vb较小时,云雾的激光衰减是限制系统性能的主要因素.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first     

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS(CHINA)

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NEXT GENERATION WIRELESS NETWORKS–ESPECIALLY THE USE OF MILLI-MICROWAVE BANDS

The global bandwidth shortage of wireless communications has motivated the exploration of the naillimeter wave （ram-wave） frequency spectrum for the next generation wireless communications. Recent advances in RF CMOS technology and high speed baseband signal processing technologies have enabled tile extensive research and development of turn-wave wireless communications. The multi gigabit per second data rate of ram-wave system will lead to applications in many important scenarios, such as WPAN, WLAN,back-haul for cellular system. And the frequency bands include 28 GHz, 38 GHz, 45GHz, 60GHz, E-BAND and even beyond 100 GHz. The propagation and the imitation of the RF circuits design in these frequency bands make the directional antennas be inevitable for mm-wave communications.