基于机器学习的军用软件过时淘汰评估方法研究

为了对军用软件进行科学系统的过时淘汰评估,提出基于机器学习的软件过时淘汰评估模型。首先使用机器学习预处理与缩放技术处理相关的特征数据,然后基于主成分分析模型进行特征提取和降维,消除特征数据中的噪音值并选择重要的军用软件过时淘汰特征数据,使用由粒子群优化算法改进的支持向量机模型进行分类和评估建模,并使用混淆矩阵的精度评估模型,最后通过案例验证模型有效性、适用性和科学性。     

基于改进符号距离的权重未知犹豫模糊决策方法

研究犹豫模糊环境下属性权重完全未知的多属性决策问题.针对犹豫模糊元中人为添加元素影响方案排序等问题,提出一种基于符号距离的犹豫模糊多属性决策方法.首先,根据犹豫模糊元中元素个数及偏差定义一种新的犹豫度,并基于犹豫度定义犹豫模糊符号距离;其次,基于符号距离提出一种属性权重优化模型以确定属性权重,并对方案进行排序;最后,通过算例表明所提出方法的合理性和有效性.     

一种基于模糊决策树的软件成本估计模型

提出一种基于模糊决策树的软件成本估计模型。该模型能够把决策树的归纳学习能力和模糊集合所具有的表达能力相结合,在软件成本估计过程中以模糊集的形式预测相对误差范围,并利用决策树的判定规则分析误差源。最后,通过软件项目历史数据验证该软件成本估计模型的有效性。     

基于场景深度估计的自然光照水下图像增强方法

针对水下图像模糊、对比度低且色彩失真的问题,结合修正的水下成像模型,提出一种基于场景深度估计的自然光照水下图像增强方法.首先,依据自然光照条件下水下图像场景亮度与场景深度总体成正比的先验理论,对图像的亮度信息进行最小值滤波和软抠图处理以实现场景深度估计;然后,结合暗通道先验知识和场景深度信息进行离散像素点的后向散射分量估计,根据修正的水下成像模型来拟合和去除后向散射;最后,采用基于色适应的颜色校正方法对直接分量进行色偏校正,利用线性拉伸方法来提升图像的亮度和对比度.水下多场景条件下的实验结果表明,本文方法可有效地去除后向散射引起的雾样模糊,提高图像对比度并校正颜色偏差.     

直觉模糊信息环境下考虑后悔规避的决策方法

针对属性值为直觉模糊信息、属性权重和自然状态发生概率完全未知的多属性决策问题,考虑决策者的心理行为,提出一种基于后悔理论和证据理论的多属性决策方法。该方法首先运用证据理论计算各自然状态发生的概率;然后基于得到的区间模糊矩阵、[t-]分布估计以及得分函数矩阵确定属性信息的效用值,进而依据后悔理论得到各种自然状态下的感知效用矩阵;通过加权算术平均计算综合感知效用矩阵,并依据方案综合感知效用的大小确定方案优劣排序。通过对游戏的选择开发实例验证提出的决策方法的可行性与有效性。     

一种结合主客观信息的多属性决策方法

研究了具有模糊偏好信息的模糊多属性决策问题．提出一种结合主观偏好信息与客观信息的综合特征向量方法．主观偏好信息由决策方案的模糊偏好互补矩阵和属性权重的两两比较互反矩阵组成，客观信息由客观决策矩阵组成．给出了求解模糊多属性决策问题的最小二乘偏差估计方法．通过建立二次规划模型决定属性权重向量，并对方案进行排序．最后，给出了使用该方法的数值例子．     

基于云模型的Pythagorean模糊语言多属性决策方法

针对专家给出的属性值为Pythagorean模糊语言且专家权重与属性权重均未知的多属性决策问题进行了研究,提出一种基于云模型的多属性决策方法。首先,根据Pythagorean模糊语言决策信息的距离熵计算得到属性权重;其次,计算决策矩阵间的距离从而得到各决策专家权重;再次,构建Pythagorean模糊云模型决策矩阵并利用专家权重和属性权重进行信息集结;最后,基于TOPSIS方法求取正、负理想解,依据理想解计算各方案贴近度并据此对各备选方案进行排序选择。案例分析表明,该方法优化了复杂环境下的决策,避免了决策信息的丢失,能够较好解决决策信息的不确定性和决策过程的随机性,具有一定的可行性和有效性。     

基于新型距离测度的概率犹豫模糊多属性群决策方法

研究属性权重已知、专家权重未知条件下的概率犹豫模糊多属性群决策问题.首先,针对传统概率犹豫模糊距离测度的不足,提出改进的新型距离测度,并对其有效性和合理性进行数学证明;其次,在属性权重向量已知的前提下,通过加权算术平均的方式实现单个专家视角下的概率犹豫模糊信息初次集结,并基于分差最大化准则构建专家权重向量求解模型,采用...     

机载光电系统目标威胁估计的模糊贝叶斯网络方法

针对机载光电传感器系统所能够提供的目标特征信息,提出利用模糊贝叶斯网络理论建立目标威胁估计模型来辅助决策者进行威胁判断.模型首先研究了机载光电传感器所能提供的目标特征及其对威胁程度的影响;然后选取合适的特征值并利用模糊理论方法对其进行模糊划分,从而建立了目标威胁估计的模糊贝叶斯网络模型,最后通过贝叶斯网络推理算法获得目...     

电信客户流失量估计组合模型的仿真研究

研究电信客户流失问题,电信客户流失数据具有模糊性和非线性,单一算法仅能对模糊性或非线性进行预测,为提高电信客户流失估计准确率,提出了一种电信客户流失组合估计模型.首先对客户属性进行清洗并进行离散化处理,接着使用粗糙集方法对离散属性进行约简,刻画电信客户流失数据的模糊性;然后遗传算法优化支持向量机对电信客流失非线性进行描述,建立电信客户流失估计模型.仿真结果表明,粗糙集与支持向量机相融合模型克服单一粗糙集算法或支持向量机存在的缺陷,提高电信客户流失估计模型的估计准确率,可为电信客户管理优化设计提供依据.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。