Comparison of as-cast microstructure,tensile and creep properties for Mg-3Sn-1Ca and Mg-3Sn-2Ca magnesium alloys

The as-cast microstructure,tensile and creep properties of Mg-3Sn-1Ca and Mg-3Sn-2Ca magnesium alloys were investigated and compared by using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction analysis and tensile tests. The results indicate that the as-cast microstructures of Mg-3Sn-1Ca and Mg-3Sn-2Ca alloys are different.The former is mainly composed ofα-Mg,eutectic CaMgSn and solid state precipitation of Mg 2 Sn,whereas the latter is mainly composed ofα-Mg, primary CaMgSn,eutectic CaMgSn and Mg2Ca phases.As a result,the two alloys obtain different tensile and creep properties. Mg-3Sn-1Ca alloy shows relatively higher ultimate tensile strength and elongation at room temperature and 150℃than Mg-3Sn-2Ca alloy,however,the yield strengths of Mg-3Sn-1Ca alloy at room temperature and 150℃are relatively low.In addition,the creep properties of Mg-3Sn-1Ca alloy at 150℃and 70 MPa for 100 h are obviously lower than those of the Mg-3Sn-2Ca alloy.     

Effects of calcium addition on as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-5Zn-5Sn alloy

The effects of Ca addition on the as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of the Mg-5Zn-5Sn (mass fraction,%) alloy were investigated.The results indicate that an addition of 0.5%-1.5% (mass fraction) Ca to the Mg-5Zn-5Sn alloy not only refines the as-cast microstructure of the alloy but also causes the formation of the primary and/or eutectic CaMgSn phases with high thermal stability;an increase in Ca amount from 0.5% to 1.5% (mass fraction) increases the amount and size of the CaMgSn phase.In addition,Ca addition to the Mg-5Zn-5Sn alloy improves not only the tensile properties at room temperature and 150 ℃ but also the creep properties.Among the Ca-containing Mg-5Zn-5Sn alloys,the one added 0.5% (mass fraction) Ca obtains the optimum ultimate tensile strength and elongation at room temperature and 150 ℃,however,the alloy added 1.5% (mass fraction) Ca exhibits the optimum yield strength and creep properties.     

Effect of Ca addition on the as-cast microstructure and creep properties of Mg-5Zn-5Sn magnesium alloy

The effect of Ca addition on the as-cast microstructure and creep properties of Mg-5Zn-5Sn magnesium alloy was investigated. The results indicate that adding 1.0 wt.% Ca to Mg-5Zn-5Sn alloy can effectively refine the as-cast microstructure of the alloy, and the CaMgSn phase with high thermal stability is formed in the alloy. In addition, adding 1.0 wt.% Ca to Mg-5Zn-5Sn alloy can also improve the creep properties of the alloy. After adding 1.0 wt.% Ca to Mg-5Zn-5Sn alloy, the second creep rate of the alloy at 150°C and 50 MPa for 100 h decreases from 4.67 × 10⁻⁸ to 1.43 × 10⁻⁸ s⁻¹. The strengthening mechanism is mainly attributed to the microstructural refinement and the formation of CaMgSn phase.     

Effect of element Gd on phase constituent and mechanical property of Mg-5Sn-1Ca alloy

The Mg-5Sn-1Ca-xGd (x=0, 1) alloys were chosen to investigate the change in solidification paths, phase formation and mechanical properties. The microstructure of as-cast Mg-5Sn-1Ca alloy is composed of α-Mg, Mg2Sn and CaMgSn phases. With the addition of Gd, the formation of the Mg2Sn phase is impeded and the CaMgSn phase is refined, whereas the ultimate tensile strength and elongation decrease. The possible reasons for the variation in microstructure and mechanical properties were discussed.     

Ce含量对Mg-Li-Al-Zn合金显微组织和拉伸性能的影响(英文)

制备了Mg-5Li-3Al-2Zn-xCe(x=0-2.5;质量分数,%)铸态合金,并将所得合金分别于300°C和370°C进行均匀化和固溶处理;研究固溶处理后合金显微组织和拉伸性能的变化。结果表明,合金中加入Ce后出现Al2Ce/Al3Ce析出相,此时合金主要由α-Mg、Al2Ce、Al3Ce和AlLi相组成;固溶处理后合金中AlLi和Al-Ce析出相数量减少。析出相的数量与形态对合金的力学性能十分重要,含有1.0%Ce的合金获得了优良的拉伸性能。固溶处理后Mg-5Li-3Al-2Zn-0.5Ce合金的强度和伸长率都得到了大幅度的提高,这是因为合金在固溶处理后由于基体中的溶质原子增加而获得良好的固溶强化作用。     

Zn对均匀化态Mg-3Sn-Ca镁合金腐蚀性能的影响

研究了Zn元素对均匀化态Mg-3Sn-Ca合金耐腐蚀性能的影响。通过XRD、金相、SEM、失重、析氢、电化学极化曲线和阻抗谱分析了Mg-3Sn-Ca(TX31)和Mg-3Sn-Ca-Zn(TXZ311)2种合金的耐蚀性能。结果表明,Mg-3Sn-Ca合金中主要由CaMgSn及Mg₂Sn相组成,加入Zn元素后晶粒得到显著细化,第二相体积分数增加并呈弥散分布,并有Mg₂Ca相析出。而Zn的添加可显著提高Mg-3Sn-Ca合金的耐蚀性能,这主要归因于TXZ311合金具有更细小的晶粒尺寸以及均匀密集分布的CaMgSn相,使合金在腐蚀过程中形成的钝化膜更加均匀。因此,TXZ311合金的耐蚀性远高于TX31合金。     

Electrochemical Hydrogen Storage Characteristics of the as-Cast and Annealed La0.8-xPrxMg0.2Ni3.35Al0.1Si0.05 (x=0~0.4) Electrode Alloys

研究了Mg-3.8Zn-2.2Ca-xSn(x=0,0.5,1,2,质量分数%)镁合金的铸态组织、抗拉性能和蠕变性能。结果发现:在含Sn合金中会形成CaMgSn相,并且随着Sn含量从0.46%增加到1.88%(质量分数),合金中CaMgSn相的数量增加。同时,合金中Ca2Mg6Zn3相的形貌从最初的连续和/或半连续网状转变为半连续和/或断续状。此外,含Sn合金的晶粒被明显细化,其中含0.90%Sn合金的晶粒最细。与三元合金相比,含0.46%和0.90%Sn合金的抗拉性能和蠕变性能改善明显,而含1.88%Sn合金的屈服强度和蠕变性能虽然得到改善,但其抗拉强度和延伸率减小。在含0.46%、0.90%和1.88%Sn的3个合金中,含0.90%Sn的合金显示了优化的抗拉性能和蠕变性能。     

Ce 含量对 Mg2.2Sn1Al0.5Zn合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

利用 OM、XRD、SEM、EDS 等方法,研究了不同Ce 含量对 Mg-2.2Sn-1Al-0.5Zn 合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：添加适量的稀土 Ce 能细化晶粒,Ce 与 Al 结合形成高熔点的稀土相 Al4Ce,使β-Mg17Al12相数量减少;针状或杆状 Al4Ce 相分布在晶界周围,阻止了位错运动;合金的抗拉强度、塑性和硬度均随 Ce 含量的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,当 Ce 含量为0.6%时合金的力学性能最佳。对断口进行扫描分析证明拉伸断裂为穿晶断裂和韧性断裂的混合断裂。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of as-extruded Mg-Sn-Zn-Ca alloy with different extrusion ratios

The effect of extrusion ratio on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-extruded Mg-6Sn-2Zn-1Ca (TZX621) (mass fraction, %) alloy was investigated. It is found that incomplete dynamic recrystallization (DRX) took place in as-extruded TZX621 alloy. As the extrusion ratio was increased from 6 to 16, both fraction of un-DRXed grains and average size of DRXed grains in as-extruded TZX621 alloy decreased and the basal texture was weakened. Coarse CaMgSn phase was broken into particles and fine Mg₂Sn phase precipitated from α-Mg matrix during hot extrusion. Yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation of as-extruded TZX621 alloy with extrusion ratio of 16 reached 226.9 MPa, 295.6 MPa and 18.1%, which were improved by 36.0%, 17.7% and 13.5%, respectively, compared to those of as-extruded TZX621 alloy with extrusion ratio of 6.     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of Mg-2%Zn-0.4%RE alloys

The solidification microstructures and hardness of Mg-2%Zn (mass fraction) based alloys with addition of 0.4%Ce, 0.4%Gd, 0.4%Y or 0.4%Nd (mass fraction) were investigated, and the effects of the rare earth elements on the microstructures and mechanical properties of these alloys extruded at 310℃ were also compared. The results indicate that the trace rare earth Ce, Gd, Y or Nd in the Mg-2%Zn alloy has obviously different grain refinement effects on its solidification microstructures, and the as-cast and hot-extruded alloy with 0.4%Ce has the smallest average grain size and the highest strength. However, the extruded alloys containing 0.4%Nd or 0.4%Y with the elongation of 26.6% and 30%, respectively, show higher plasticity in spite of lower strength as compared with the alloy containing 0.4%Ce.     

Effects of minor Ca on as-cast microstructures and mechanical properties of Mg-3Ce-1.2Mn-0.9Sc and Mg-4Y-1.2Mn-0.9Sc alloys

The effects of the addition of 0.6% Ca (mass fraction) on the as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of the Mg-3Ce-1.2Mn-0.9Sc and Mg-4Y-1.2Mn-0.9Sc magnesium alloys were investigated and compared by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry analysis, and tensile and creep tests. The results indicate that the addition of 0.6% Ca to the Mg-3Ce-1.2Mn-0.9Sc and Mg-4Y-1.2Mn-0.9Sc alloys can refine the grains of the two alloys. At the same time, the addition of 0.6% Ca to the Mg-3Ce-1.2Mn-0.9Sc and Mg-4Y-1.2Mn-0.9Sc alloys can effectively improve the tensile properties of the two alloys. In addition, the addition of 0.6% Ca can also improve the creep properties of the Mg-3Ce-1.2Mn-0.9Sc alloy but is not beneficial to the creep properties of the Mg-4Y-1.2Mn-0.9Sc alloy. The different effects of minor Ca on the creep properties of the Mg-3Ce-1.2Mn-0.9Sc and Mg-4Y-1.2Mn-0.9Sc alloys are possibly related to the difference in the solid solubilities of Ce and Y in Mg.     

Microstructure and corrosion behavior of Mg-Sn-Ca alloys after extrusion

Mg-Sn-Ca alloys promise a reasonable corrosion resistance in combination with good creep resistance, likely due to the presence of Ca2-xMgxSn and other phases. The selected alloys with 3% Sn and Ca in the range of 1%-2% have been extruded in order to achieve more homogeneous microstructure compared with the as-cast alloys. Optical microscopy(OM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) techniques were used to study the microstructure and phases of these alloys. The corrosion behavior of these alloys was investigated by means of salt spray test and potentio-dynamic measurements. The results obtained on the alloys Mg-3Sn (T3), Mg-3Sn-1Ca (TX31), and Mg-3Sn-2Ca (TX32) indicate the presence of the same phases in as-cast and after extrusion, namely Mg2Sn, Ca2-xMgxSn, and Ca2-xMgxSn/Mg2Ca, respectively. However, due to the occurrence of extensive recrystallization in the extrusion process, the grain size has significantly reduced after extrusion. The reduction leads to the improvement of the corrosion resistance after extrusion which is then comparable with the commercial alloy AZ91D.     

Mg-Y-Ce阻燃镁合金表面膜的阻燃机理

通过同时加入Y和Ce获得了阻燃效果优异的Mg-Y-Ce阻燃镁合金,实现了镁合金在大气条件下的无保护熔炼,Mg-Y-Ce合金由工业纯Mg(99.9%,质量分数)、Mg-25%Y(质量分数)中间合金和纯Ce(99.5%,质量分数)在电阻炉中于保护性气氛(CO2+0.5%SF6)下熔配而成。AES(PHI550 ESCA/SAM)和XRD(X’Pert Pro MPD)表面分析结果表明:当Mg-3Y-4.5Ce阻燃镁合金在高温下暴露于大气中时,其表面膜为双层膜,外层主要由Y2O3组成,而内层Y和Ce含量极低,以Mg和MgO为主。基于高温氧化热力学分析,建立了Mg-Y合金在高温下的选择性氧化模型,获得了Mg-Y合金能够发生选择性氧化的Y浓度阈值(约为7%,质量分数)。分析了Ce在Mg-Y合金选择性氧化中的第三元素效应,Ce起到了吸气剂的作用,可以抑制氧向合金内部扩散,从而抑制Y元素的内氧化。     

Ce、Ca、Sr合金化对AZ91合金铸态组织的影响

利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪研究了0.2?、0.2?、0.2%Sr复合合金化对AZ91合金铸态组织的影响。结果表明,0.2?、0.2?、0.2%Sr复合加入可以显著细化合金的铸态组织,Ce、Ca、Sr同时加入,其细化效果优于Ce和Ca或Ce和Sr的复合加入,并且在组织中出现针状或杆状的A14Ce新相。     

Effects of Ce on microstructure of semi-continuously cast Mg-1.5Zn-0.2Zr magnesium alloy ingots

Mg-1.5Zn-0.2Zr-xCe (x=0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, mass fraction, %) alloys were prepared by conventional semi-continuous casting. The effect of rare earth Ce on the microstructure of Mg-1.5Zn-0.2Zr-xCe alloys was studied and the distribution of Ce was analyzed by optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that Ce element exists in the form of Mg12Ce phase and has an obvious refining effect on the microstructure of test alloys. As the Ce content increases, the grain size reduces, the grain boundaries turn thinner, and the distribution of Mg12Ce precipitates becomes more and more dispersed. The Mg-1.5Zn-0.2Zr alloy with 0.3%Ce has the best refinement effect. From center to periphery of the ingot, the amount of granular precipitates in the grain reduces. In longitudinal section of the ingot, some relative long columnar grains appear.     

EFFECTS OF Ce ON CORROSION RESISTANCE OF AZ91D MAGNESIUM ALLOY

1. IntroductionM agnesium alloysare w idely used in autom otive, com m unicated, electronic and aerialindustriesand predicted to be one ofthe m ostim portantlow -density and high-strength m aterialsin the 21th centu-ry ow ing to theirlow density,high spec…     

Zn对铸态Mg-10Gd-3Sm-0.5Zr合金组织和力学性能的影响

采用熔炼铸造法制备了添加0~2%Zn(质量分数)的Mg-10Gd-3Sm-0.5Zr合金,通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜和拉伸性能测试等分析了Zn对铸态Mg-10Gd-3Sm-0.5Zr合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明:铸态Mg-10Gd-3Sm-0.5Zr合金由粗大枝晶α-Mg基体和晶界处半连续分布稀土相Mg41(Sm,Gd)5和Mg5Gd(Sm)组成,加入Zn元素后,在合金中产生了新相(Mg,Zn)3(Sm,Gd)1;铸态Mg-10Gd-3Sm-xZn-0.5Zr合金室温拉伸力学性能随着Zn元素含量的增加先升高后降低,当Zn的添加量为1%时,综合力学性能最好,其抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率分别为215 MPa、173 MPa和5.5%;合金的断裂方式主要为脆性断裂,加入Zn元素后有向韧性断裂转变的趋势。     

Ce对Mg-9Gd-4Y-1Nd-0.6Zr合金微观组织和耐蚀性的影响

为获得高强耐蚀的镁稀土合金,采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射分析、腐蚀失重法、电化学阻抗和动电位极化等研究了元素Ce对Mg-9Gd-4Y-1Nd-0.6Zr合金微观组织和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明添加0.5% Ce后合金耐腐蚀性能较好,合金的腐蚀电流密度为不含铈合金的55.6%,腐蚀电位正移约141 mV。适量Ce元素的加入导致其他稀土元素在晶界处富集并呈网状分布,使第二相粒子尺寸变小,体积分数变大。     

热处理对Mg-3Sn-1Mn镁合金组织和性能的影响

通过光学和电子显微镜、XRD分析以及抗拉和蠕变测试,研究热处理对Mg-3Sn-1Mn镁合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明,热处理对Mg-3Sn-1Mn镁合金的组织和性能有明显影响。当在420℃固溶处理后,合金中的大多数Mg2Sn相溶入基体。但在250℃时效处理后,在时效合金的晶界和晶内析出大量细小的Mg2Sn相,从而时效合金的抗拉性能和蠕变性能被明显改善,其强化机理可能与α-Mg基体中Mg2Sn相的弥散析出有关。