聚丙烯酸与聚乙二醇在浓溶液中的复合作用

研究了聚丙烯酸（ＰＡＡ）与聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）在浓溶液中的复合作用及影响因素，发现ＰＡＡ－ＰＥＧ在很宽的ＰＨ范围内都存在着复合作用。低ＰＨ时，通过氢键作用的形式进行复合，高ＰＨ时，则通过离子－偶极作用。对ＰＡＡ－ＰＥＧ－盐以及ＰＡＡ－盐复合膜进行了ＤＳＣ和Ｘ射线衍射分析，结果表明，ＰＡＡ与ＰＥＧ进行复合，可以破坏ＰＥＧ的结晶性能。     

聚酯－聚醚嵌段共聚物的合成及抗静电性能研究

研究和分析了ＰＥＧ分子量、加料次序、反应时间和温度、物料比例、分散剂和固相缩聚等因素对ＰＥＴ－ＰＥＧ嵌段共聚物分子量和耐水性的影响。合成的嵌段共聚酯醚与ＰＥＴ共混纺丝可以显著改善ＰＥＴ纤维的抗静电性能。     

聚酯—聚醚嵌段共聚物的合成及抗静电性能研究

研究和分析了ＰＥＧ分子量、加料次序、反应时间和温度、物料比例、分散剂和固相缩聚等因素对ＰＥＴ－ＰＥＧ嵌段共聚物分子量和耐水性的影响。合成的嵌段共聚酯醚与ＰＥＴ共混纺丝可以显著改善ＰＥＴ纤维的抗静电性能。     

PEG分子量对PET-PEG共聚物结晶性能的影响

通过共缩聚反应合成了不同ＰＥＧ分子量的ＰＥＴ－ＰＥＧ共聚物，其中ＰＥＧ含量占７％（相对于ＤＭＴ质量比），以ＤＳＣ、解偏振光法测定了共聚物的结晶性能和结晶速度。结果表明ＰＥＧ的引入能有效地增加分子链柔性，改善结晶性能，尤其ＰＥＧ分子量为４０００时，结晶速度得以大大提高，温度为１１０℃时，ＰＥＴ－ＰＥＧ４０００结晶速度仅１ｍｉｎ，电镜分析表明共聚物中的ＰＥＧ分子量提高有助于分子链的有序性提高，从而加速结晶，但同时也会引起分子链缠结，从Ｘ衍射图谱上，可以看出ＰＥＧ在结晶过程中并不进入ＰＥＴ晶格中，它只起到诱导结晶的作用。     

聚氨酯脲阴离子水分散液

由聚醚（ＰＰＧ）、甲苯二异氰酸酯（ＴＤＩ），二羟甲基丙酸（ＤＭＰＡ）和三乙烯四胺（ＴＥＴＡ）制备不同ＤＭＰＡ和ＴＥＴＡ含量的聚氨酯脲（ＰＵＵ）阴离子水分散液，制备了水分散液浇铸薄膜，研究了硬段和盐基含量对形态和性能的影响。     

PAA－PEG－盐复合膜导电性能研究

研究了聚丙烯醚（ＰＡＡ）－聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）－盐复合膜的导电性能及其影响因素。研究结果表明，ＰＡＡ－ＰＥＧ－盐复合膜具有一定的导电能力。ＬｉＣｌ的加入量、添加剂的种类及其湿度、温度影响着复合膜的导电性能。随着ＬｉＣｌ含量的增加，电导率增大，但ＬｉＣｌ含量的增加是有限的；添加剂的加入可以大大提高电导率，而ＥＧ类的添加剂效果最好；复合膜的导电性能随着湿度、温度的升高而提高。     

双甲基丙烯酰氧基聚乙二醇与甲基丙烯酸盐共聚及导电性

在合成α，ω－双甲基丙烯酰氧基封端的聚乙二醇（ＢＭＡＰＥＧ）的基础上，通过ＢＭＡＰＥＧ与甲基丙烯酸盐（ＭＡＡＭ）共聚，制备了离子导电率（σ）在３０℃时为４．０×１０－６Ｓ／ｃｍ的单离子传导的ＡＢ交联型聚醚类固体电解质（ＡＢＣＰＥ）。研究了影响ＡＢＣＰＥ离子导电率的因素。结果表明，用甲基丙烯酰氯与聚乙二醇进行酯化反应可以合成所期望结构的ＢＭＡＰＥＧ。ＡＢＣＰＥ的σ随ＰＥＧ链段长度和共聚单体浓度的增加出现最大值；降低ＢＭＡＰＥＧ的双键官能度，或升高温度，σ升高。     

PAA—PEG—盐复合膜导电性能研究

研究了聚丙烯酸（ＰＡＡ）－聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）－盐复合膜的导电性能及其影响因素。研究结果表明，ＰＡＡ－ＰＥＧ－盐复合膜具有一定的导电能力。ＬｉＣｌ的加入量、添加剂的种类及其湿度、温度影响着复合膜的导电性能。随着ＬｉＣｌ含量的增加，电导率增大，但ＬｉＣｌ含量的增加是有限的；添加剂的加入可以大大提高电导率，而ＥＧ类的添加剂效果最好；复合膜的导电性能随着湿度、温度的升高而提高。     

REPORT ON ELECTROMAGNETIC METROLOGY IN CHINA DURING 1990-1992

ＲＥＰＯＲＴＯＮＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＭＡＧＮＥＴＩＣＭＥＴＲＯＬＯＧＹＩＮＣＨＩＮＡＤＵＲＩＮＧ１９９０－１９９２￥ＹａｎｇＸｉａｏｒｅｎ；ＲｅｎＤｉａｎｑｉｎｇ；ＬｉＺｉｚｈｏｎｇ（ＣｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎＡ，ＣｏｍｍｉｔｔｅｅｆｏｒＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＵＲＳＩ）...     

GdSe涂层(CdSe/Ni)的烧结工艺对半导体隔膜电极(SnO_2·P/CdSe/Ni)性能的影响

通过Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）、扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）、透射电子显微镜（ＴＥＭ）和高能电子衍射（ＲＨＥＥＤ）等技术，研究了由蒸发冷凝法制备的ｎ型半导体材料ＧｄＳｅ超细微粒涂层（ＣｄＳｅ／Ｎｉ）的烧结工艺。实验指出，烧结后的ＧｄＳｅ粉体涂层的结晶形态、膜层的致密均匀性以及结晶粒度的尺寸等均与烧结的工艺条件密切相关。将涂在Ｎｉ箔上的ＧｄＳｅ粉体膜层置于氩气氛中，在缓慢升降温的条件下，于４５０～５００℃温度下恒温２ｈ的多次重复烧结，可以获得表面平整致密、在衬底Ｎｉ箔上附着力强的ＧｄＳｅ多晶膜层，以下称ＣｄＳｅ／Ｎｉ为烧结体。将烧结体应用于半导体隔膜电极（（ＳｎＯ２·Ｐ／ＣｄＳｅ／Ｎｉ）中，可有效地改善半导体隔膜电化学伏打电池（ＳＣ－ＳＥＰ电池）的光电化学特性。     

抗静电PET-PEG共聚酯的研究

从静电的产生出发，介绍了以PEG为抗静电剂的PET抗静电改性的几种方法，认为PEG与PET共聚较为理想，并对PEG－PET共聚酯的抗静电机理、结构与性能、纺丝工艺及纤维的性能进行了归纳分析。最后提出了目前尚未解决的研究难点。     

Synergistic effects of hydrophilic nano-SiO2/graphene oxide @ copolymer nanocomposites in tanning leather

The near-spherical silica nanoparticles with polyvinyl alcohol (denoted as PVA-SiO₂) or polyethylene glycol (denoted as PEG-SiO₂) as surface modifiers were loaded onto graphene oxide nanosheets (denoted as GO) to prepare PVA(PEG)-SiO₂-GO nanocomposites. The nanocomposites well dispersed in water were then compounded with maleic anhydride (MA) - acrylic acid (AA) copolymer (denoted as PMAAA) to prepare new nanocomposite tanning agents (denoted as PVA(PEG)-SiO₂-GO/PMAAA). The hydrothermal stability, thickness increase, mechanical properties, flame retardancy and antistatic property, etc. of the leather tanned with PVA(PEG)-SiO₂-GO/PMAAA were founded to be improved in a significant way compared with those of the leather tanned with the commercial acrylic resin (CHINATAN OM) and pure PMAAA copolymer tanning agents. The acquired excellent tanning properties may be related to the synergistic tanning effects of near-spherical silica nanoparticles and thin-layered graphene oxide nanosheets in leather tanning process. Especially, the highest shrinkage temperature of the wet-white sheepskin tanned with PVA-SiO₂-GO/PMAAA reached 71 ^◦C and the thickness increase reached 190% without chrome tanning agents.     

碳纳米管应用于聚合物抗静电纤维的研究

基于聚合物与抗静电载体混纺而形成的“海岛”型内部结构,通过极化放电而消除静电的抗静电原理,将碳纳米管应用于聚合物抗静电纤维。摩擦静电荷测试结果显示,碳纳米管由于具有优异的导电性,强化抗静电载体周围的电场,从而显著地提高了聚合物纤维的抗静电能力。经过改性处理的碳纳米管,如空气活化和酸处理等,抗静电效果更加显著,尤其是金属沉积处理的碳纳米管,抗静电效果最为显著。说明碳纳米管在抗静电聚合物纤维领域是很有应用前途。     

含碳纳米管的新型抗静电纤维的制备和性能

将多壁碳纳米管分散在自制的抗静电载体PR-86中制备出新型、高效和耐久的抗静电母粒．抗静电母粒的添加量仅为0．5％就可以制备出性能优良的“基体-微纤”型抗静电PP纤维．该纤维的抗静电机理为异极性大分子放电机理．多壁碳纳米管的存在增强了微纤相的极化程度和抗静电母粒的抗静电效果．抗静电纤维的抗静电性具有耐久性．抗静电母粒对纤维的性能基本上没有影响．     

咪唑基离子液体对聚丙烯抗静电性能的影响

以咪唑基离子液体(im i-IL)为抗静电剂与聚丙烯(PP)熔融共混制备出PP/im i-IL共混复合材料,并对材料的抗静电性能、抗静电耐擦洗性能和力学性能进行了测试。结果表明,咪唑基离子液体在显著提高PP的抗静电性能和抗静电剂耐擦洗性能的同时,材料的冲击强度虽略有下降,但拉伸强度提高。     

防静电材料及其在弹药装备包装设计上的应用

阐述了静电放电产生原因及对弹药装备的危害形式,介绍了几种可用于弹药包装的防静电材料,分析了静电防护的基本原理,着重介绍了防静电材料在弹药包装设计上的应用和应注意的问题。     

Enhancement of the dissolution and permeation rates of meloxicam by formation of its freeze-dried solid dispersions in polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30

Freeze-drying (FD) and solvent evaporation (SE) were used to prepare solid dispersions (SDs) of meloxicam (MX) in polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP). The SDs were prepared at different ratios, namely 1:1, 1:3, and 1:5 MX:PVP weight ratio. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR), and x-ray powder diffractometry (XPD) were utilized to characterize the physicochemical properties of the SDs. Meloxicam (MX) in the solid dispersions appeared with less crystallinity form and was present in a complete amorphous form at higher PVP ratio. Dissolution rates of MX as a pure drug, physical mixtures (PMs), and SDs indicated a marked increase of the dissolution rate of MX in presence of PVP. The increase in the dissolution rate was dependent on the ratio of PVP and the method of preparation. In addition, the permeability of the drug through standard cellophane membrane and hairless mouse skin was also evaluated. The permeation rate of MX was significantly increased in the case of SDs and was dependent on the ratio of PVP. The results were primarily due to increase wettability, the solubilization of the drug by the carrier, and formation of MX amorphous form.     

Enhancement of the Dissolution and Permeation Rates of Meloxicam by Formation of Its Freeze-dried Solid Dispersions in Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30

ABSTRACT

Freeze-drying (FD) and solvent evaporation (SE) were used to prepare solid dispersions (SDs) of meloxicam (MX) in polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP). The SDs were prepared at different ratios, namely 1:1, 1:3, and 1:5 MX:PVP weight ratio. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR), and x-ray powder diffractometry (XPD) were utilized to characterize the physicochemical properties of the SDs. Meloxicam (MX) in the solid dispersions appeared with less crystallinity form and was present in a complete amorphous form at higher PVP ratio. Dissolution rates of MX as a pure drug, physical mixtures (PMs), and SDs indicated a marked increase of the dissolution rate of MX in presence of PVP. The increase in the dissolution rate was dependent on the ratio of PVP and the method of preparation. In addition, the permeability of the drug through standard cellophane membrane and hairless mouse skin was also evaluated. The permeation rate of MX was significantly increased in the case of SDs and was dependent on the ratio of PVP. The results were primarily due to increase wettability, the solubilization of the drug by the carrier, and formation of MX amorphous form.     

矿用双抗塑料制品的应用研究进展

从抗静电和阻燃两方面总结了煤矿井下对塑料制品的要求,并综述了聚氯乙烯、聚乙烯、玻璃钢等塑料制品的抗静电性及阻燃性,指出抗静电剂和阻燃剂研发缓慢限制了我国工程塑料在煤矿井下的应用,新型高效抗静电剂和阻燃剂是塑料制品在煤矿井下应用的研究方向。