载银羟基磷灰石复合抗菌材料的研究

采用溶液离子交换法,通过将羟基磷灰石粉末放入硝酸银溶液中浸泡,成功制备出载银羟基磷灰石(简称Ag-HA),研究了不同煅烧条件对载银率的影响.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、EDS对Ag-HA块体进行了物相、形貌和成分的分析,并对Ag 的吸附行为进行了初步的推断.对未煅烧的Ag-HA块体进行了抗菌效果测试,结果表明其具有很强的抑菌效果.     

羟基磷灰石抗菌剂在涂料中的应用

通过共沉淀和离子交换的方法,将钛和锌离子共掺杂在羟基磷灰石上,制备了羟基磷灰石抗菌剂。研究了其与另外3种无机抗菌剂(锌型沸石抗菌剂、银型沸石抗菌剂、氧化钛光催化抗菌剂)在涂料中的应用。结果证明:锌型抗菌涂料对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌效果较差,其余3种类型抗菌涂料具有很好抗菌效果。但是,银型抗菌剂易引起涂料变色,氧化钛光催化抗菌剂在涂料中难分散且易加快涂料老化,而羟基磷灰石抗菌剂既具有良好的抗菌性能,且对涂料性能没有影响。还介绍了羟基磷灰石抗菌剂的抗菌机理。     

羟基磷灰石抗菌剂的研究

采用正交设计方法,以羟基磷灰石作为载体,银离子和铈离子作为抗菌离子,采用离子交换方法制备羟基磷灰石抗菌剂,考察了硝酸银浓度、反应时间、反应温度和硝酸铈浓度等因素.运用X射线衍射谱研究了影响羟基磷灰石抗菌剂的微观结构;运用抑菌圈法表征所制备的抗菌剂的抗菌性能.研究表明:硝酸银浓度为0.2 mol/L、反应温度为30℃、反应时间为3 h和硝酸铈浓度为0.01 mol/L时对羟基磷灰石抗菌效果最好.     

耐高温抗变色无机抗菌防霉剂在塑料中的应用研究

本研究研制出以亚微米和纳米级带有少量氧化钙的羟基磷灰石为载体,以银离子为主要活性成分,并含有锌离子的无机抗菌防霉剂。该抗菌剂具有国际领先水平。它具有耐高温、抗变色、高抗菌效率、长寿命的特点。加到塑料中有“露头”的抗菌剂颗粒,保证了抗菌塑料的抗菌性能。     

磷灰石在抗菌材料中的应用

阐述了载银磷灰石抗菌剂与羟基磷灰石-纳米二氧化钛复合抗菌剂的结构、抗菌性能以及制备工艺,并对相关技术的发展前景进行了探讨。     

高耐热抗菌陶瓷釉料

随着人类社会的不断进步，人们更加注重环境卫生和身体健康。因此，当今具有抗菌功能的建筑卫生陶瓷和日用陶瓷已成为一大开发热点，在市场上受到人们的青睐。抗菌陶瓷通常是在陶瓷坯体表面施以抗菌釉烧结而成。目前，抗菌釉中所用抗菌剂有：有机抗菌剂和无机抗菌剂两种。使用表明：有机抗菌剂高温下易分解，不能用于要求高温烧成的陶瓷制品；用作无机抗菌剂基料的羟基磷灰石由人工合成，生产成本高；含有无机抗菌剂的釉料烧结后，抗菌力降低；达不到期望的效果。针对这些技术问题，有必要对抗菌釉料作改进。本研制的目的就在于为抗菌陶瓷生产提供一种耐热性高、抗菌力强的抗菌釉料。     

工艺条件对鱼鳞提取羟基磷灰石显微结构的影响

鱼鳞含有30％的无机质中绝大部分是羟基磷灰石,由于羟基磷灰石其良好的生物相容性,广泛应用于生物医用领域.本文讨论了不同浸泡时间和不同浓度的NaOH溶液对鱼鳞中的羟基磷灰石晶体结构的影响.通过X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜分别对鱼鳞经过浸泡煅烧后产物的物相组成和显微结构进行了分析.结果表明,当鱼鳞经过1mol/L的NaOH溶液浸泡24h后,煅烧得到的羟基磷灰石的显微结构为较好的立方片状,而浸泡48h煅烧后的颗粒尺寸与鱼鳞浸泡12h和24h的相比偏小.     

钼酸银抗菌剂的实验研究

研究制备了钼酸银无机抗菌剂，分析了制备过程中不同滴加方式、不同的粒径以及烧结温度、复合添加物的比例等对其抗菌效果的影响，得出了抗菌剂的加入量与烧成制度对抗菌效果影响不大，而加入量主要影响其抗菌持久性结论。     

沸石抗菌剂

简要介绍了沸石抗菌剂研究的历史与现状;分别论述了沸石抗菌剂的晶体结构,制备方法以及沸石抗菌剂的抗菌性能与抗菌机理,并对沸石抗菌剂的抗菌力进行了讨论;最后介绍了沸石抗菌剂的应用。     

抗菌PVC纳米复合材料的制备

利用钛酸酯偶联剂对ZnO/Ag纳米抗茵剂改性处理,将改性后的抗菌剂与聚氯乙烯(PVC)均匀混合后混炼压片,制得抗菌PVC纳米复合材料.研究了ZnO/Ag纳米抗菌剂的分散工艺,并对抗菌PVC复合材料的抗菌性能及力学性能进行了评价.结果表明:改性后的ZnO/Ag纳米抗菌剂沉降率由94.0%减小到0.4%,亲油性和稳定性提高:抗菌PVC复合材料对大肠杆菌的抗菌率达99%以上,其拉伸强度和断裂伸长率随抗菌剂添加量的增加均呈先增后降的趋势.     

用银离子沸石改性PET抗菌纤维的研究

以沸石为载体,AgNO3溶液为交换剂,通过离子交换法制成了沸石基抗菌剂,并对制备工艺进行了讨论。将沸石基含银抗菌剂混入到PET中,制备了涤纶抗菌纤维。对纤维的抗菌能力、热性能和力学性能进行了研究。     

磷酸盐多孔微晶玻璃的研制及其在无机抗菌剂方面的应用

以组成为ＮａＴｉＯ３（ＰＯ４）３－０．９Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２的基础玻璃制备了磷酸盐多孔微晶玻璃,并对其性能进行了研究。通过对其进行银离子交换并对交换后的载银磷酸盐多孔微晶玻璃进行处理,制备了具有抗菌耐久性的磷酸盐多孔微晶玻璃抗菌剂,并 抗菌剂的抗菌性能和抗菌机理。     

Silver and fluoride doped hydroxyapatites: Investigation by microstructure,mechanical and antibacterial properties

Hydroxyapatite co-doped with Ag⁺ and F^? ions was synthesized by the precipitation method and sintered at 1100 °C for 1 h. Samples were characterized by density, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy to investigate their microstructure, phase formation and bonding characteristics. Moreover, samples were also characterized by microhardness and antibacterial tests. Small amount of dopings resulted in high densities and fine grain microstructures. In most of the samples, hydroxyapatite was the main phase with a minor amount of β-TCP. Presence of fluoride and small amount of TCP was verified with all characteristic FTIR bands of hydroxyapatite for most of the samples. Compared to the pure hydroxyapatites, much higher microhardness values were measured in samples co-doped with Ag⁺ and F^? ions. Antibacterial activity of the materials related to Escherichia coli was also observed in hydroxyapatite samples with high amount of Ag⁺ ions.     

新型抗菌涂料的应用研究

介绍了通过共沉淀和离子交换的方法,将钛和锌离子共掺杂在羟基磷灰石上而制得的新型抗茵剂,并研究了其对涂料抗菌性的影响及其作用机理.试验结果表明:新型抗茵剂既具有良好的抗菌性能,又不影响涂料的其他性能.     

Effect of micron sized silver particles concentration on the adhesion induced by sintering and antibacterial properties of hydroxyapatite microcomposites

In this paper, silver microparticles were proposed as an additive (wetting agent) in the sintering of bovine bone-derived hydroxyapatite, and their well-known antibacterial properties were evaluated for the newly-developed materials. Hydroxyapatite was prepared by thermal processing of bovine bones, followed by milling and sorting. After silver addition, the samples were tested as precursors, green compacts and adhered particles-sintered compacts, using complementary morphological, compositional and structural evaluation techniques (scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectrometry, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction). The antibacterial effect was assessed on bacterial strains popular for their association with post-implantation infections. The study was designed to evaluate the precursors, investigate the surface, morphology and/or structure changes during forming and adhesion by sintering, and explore the relationship between the silver concentration and the antibacterial effect of the material. The results confirmed the benefits of adding silver as a wetting agent in sintering bovine bone-derived hydroxyapatite as well as its antibacterial effect (with best results at 2 wt%Ag). In spite of the great potential as a wetting agent and antibacterial factor in hydroxyapatite, the proper evaluation of these results requires extensive testing for elevating the control level in designing the material properties, and for establishing optimal concentrations of silver in order to achieve proper antibacterial and biocompatible behaviours.     

Size controlled synthesis of well-distributed nano-silver on hydroxyapatite using alkanolamine compounds

A well-distributed nano-silver hydroxyapatite composite has been successfully prepared by a one-pot synthesis method. Hydroxyapatite was separately synthesized by a sol-gel method, then impregnated with silver nanoparticles with the mediation of Uncaria gambir Roxb. leaf extract in the presence of three kinds of alkanolamine compound; monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), and triethanolamine (TEA) as capping agents. The effect of different capping agents on the properties of the silver nanoparticles and the nano-silver hydroxyapatite composite were studied. UV–visible spectrophotometer analysis exhibited absorbance peaks at 402–439 nm which specifically corresponds to spherical silver nanoparticles. Higher optical absorbance was observed in TEA-capped silver nanoparticles, than in DEA and MEA-capped ones. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed a highly crystalline hexagonal structure for hydroxyapatite and no detected metallic silver. However, the presence of 1.65% silver was confirmed by energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy analysis. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed spherical silver nanoparticles with a size range of 2–62 nm (smallest mean diameter of 2 nm) adhered to the hydroxyapatite surface. The TEA capped impregnated silver nanoparticles were the smallest, corresponding to the best capping performance, followed by those capped by DEA and MEA. Small-sized nanoparticles on hydroxyapatite are beneficial for highly antibacterial bone implants.     

Antibacterial Thin Films on Glass Substrate by Sol–Gel Process

Antibacterial transparent thin films, containing different amounts of silver ion, have been prepared on a glass substrate by the sol–gel process. Thin films were obtained from inorganic-organic hybrid sols derived from 3-(glicydiloxypropyl)trimethoxy silane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane and aluminium-sec-butoxide/ethylaceto-acetate complex and doped with silver ions. The films were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Raman Spectroscopy. The physical properties of the films were studied by solar-box, taber abraser, hardness test pencil, scratch-adhesion test and spectroscopy. The antibacterial activity of the coatings were investigated against gram negative Escherichia coli and gram positive Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that 1% doping of the transparent hybrid thin film with silver ions resulted in high antibacterial properties of the film.     

银型抗菌沸石的合成

沸石类抗菌材料是一种无机多功能材料，具有耐酸，耐碱，过滤除污，吸附除臭以及长效广泛的杀菌和抑菌效果，主要介绍液相，固相离子交换法将具有抗菌性能的银离子与沸石合成为抗菌沸石，用正交法确定两种方法的较佳条件，并进行比较，用红外光谱对沸石原样与抗菌沸石进行比较分析，同时对合成的抗菌沸石进行了抗菌性能测试。     

纳米载银无机抗菌剂的研究进展

纳米抗菌材料的核心是抗菌剂,纳米载银无机抗菌剂是目前研究最为广泛的抗菌剂之一。对纳米载银无机抗菌剂的抗菌机理和种类作了较为详细的叙述,概述了纳米载银无机抗菌剂的制备方法,最后对纳米载银无机抗菌剂的前景发展进行了预测。