直链烷基胺浮选铝硅矿物机理

研究了一水硬铝石和高岭石、叶蜡石及伊利石等几种含铝硅酸盐矿物在不同pH条件下的动电行为与浮选行为。一水硬铝石、高岭石、叶蜡石及伊利石的等电点（IEP）分别为pH6．2,4．3,2．0,3．4。在pH＞IEP时,烷基胺类阳离子捕收剂主要以静电作用吸附在一水硬铝石矿物表面,其浮选高岭石等3种铝硅酸盐矿物的可浮性大小顺序是叶蜡石＞高岭石＞伊利石。高岭石、叶蜡石和伊利石均是层状硅酸盐矿物,其破碎磨细时,将沿层间断裂,由于晶体结构的原因其层面荷负电荷。烷基胺类阳离子捕收剂以静电作用力吸附于铝硅酸盐矿物表面的层面使矿物疏水上浮。     

一水硬铝石型铝土矿铝硅浮选分离的溶液化学

分析了我国铝土矿中一水硬铝石和铝硅酸盐脉石矿物的晶体结构与表面性质,一水硬铝石与铝硅酸盐脉石矿物晶体结构的差异、表面断裂的Al-O和Si-O健及表面离子活性区的差别,可影响矿物表面的润滑性与可浮性,类质同象及各种晶格杂质离子也将影响浮选剂与矿物表面的相互作用和矿物可磨性,提出了正浮选、反浮吕硅分离的技术原型,用溶液化学与计算研究了其基本原理。结果表明,通过溶液化学计算可确定阴离子捕收剂正浮选脱硅时捕收剂,分散剂和PH三者之间的匹配关系,矿物的PZC与捕收剂的pKa值是阳离子捕收剂反浮选的主要控制参数,阴离子捕收剂反浮选时,铅盐和钙盐是浮选铝硅酸盐较理想的活化剂。     

8-羟基喹啉在微细粒铝硅矿物浮选分离中的作用

通过浮选实验、动电位和红外光谱测定,考查了8-羟基喹啉对一水硬铝石和高岭石浮选分离的作用及机理。单矿物浮选结果表明:8-羟基喹啉的捕收能力较弱,选择性差。人工混合矿分离实验结果表明:8-羟基喹啉用量是油酸钠用量的1/10或更小时,可以显著提高Al2O3精矿的回收率;其中油酸钠在较低用量水平时,8-羟基喹啉可基本保持原有的选择性,实现铝硅分离。动电位测试表明:8-羟基喹啉用量在0~5×10-4 mol/L范围内,在两个不同的油酸钠用量下,高岭石的ζ电位均随着8-羟基喹啉用量的增大而负移;而对于一水硬铝石而言,结果却不一样,这说明8-羟基喹啉在铝硅矿物表面吸附的模式可能不同。红外分析结果表明:8-羟基喹啉主要通过氢键作用和络合作用被吸附在矿粒表面,造成矿物表面的初步疏水,促进捕收剂对矿物的捕收。     

变性淀粉在铝硅矿物浮选分离中的作用机理

通过浮选实验、动电位和红外光谱测定,详细考察了变性淀粉在铝硅矿物浮选分离中的作用效果和机理。浮选实验显示：非离子淀粉和阴离子淀粉在pH＜6时,抑制一水硬铝石的浮选,但当pH＞6时,却对一水硬铝石浮选有活化作用;阳离子淀粉在较宽pH值范围内对一水硬铝石均有抑制作用;3种淀粉化合物在pH＜6时均活化高岭石的浮选,当pH＞6时活化作用较微。结果表明：变性淀粉是一水硬铝石型铝土矿反浮选中实现一水硬铝石和高岭石分离的有效调整剂,阴离子淀粉使矿物表面ζ电位更负,阳离子淀粉使矿物质表面ζ电位更正,非离子淀粉使矿物表面电位绝对值减小。由实验结果结合药剂与矿物作用前后的红外光谱分析,得出结论：非离子淀粉主要通过氢键作用吸附于矿物表面,而静电力和化学键合力在阴离子淀粉和阳离子淀粉吸附中发挥着重要作用。     

磷酸盐对一水硬铝石和高岭石浮选的选择性作用

研究了磷酸盐对一水硬铝石和高岭石的浮选性能。六偏磷酸钠(SHMP)在低用量条件下，对高岭石的抑制作用大于对一水硬铝石的，可以实现铝土矿的正浮选脱硅；而在高用量的条件下，六偏磷酸盐对一水硬铝石的抑制作用很强，对高岭石的抑制作用与低用量条件相比没有明显变化，因而可以实现铝土矿的反浮选脱硅。通过磷酸盐的溶液化学、六偏磷酸钠对一水硬铝石和高岭石矿物的ξ-电位影响及其在矿物表面上的吸附量测定，同时通过显微镜对溶液中的矿物颗粒成像，探讨了(NaPO3)6在一水硬铝石和高岭石的胺阳离子反浮选体系中的作用机理。     

辛基胍浮选铝硅酸盐矿物的研究

以辛基硫酸胍SAG8为捕收剂,通过浮选实验、Zeta电位和红外光谱测定,研究了SAG8对铝硅酸盐矿物的浮选性能和作用机理.结果表明:在pH为4-12的范围内SAG8对高峰石、叶腊石和伊利石这三种铝硅酸盐都有较好的捕收能力.Zeta电位测得高峰石、伊利石和叶蜡石的等电点分别为3.5、3.0和2.3.矿物与SAG8作用后其表面正电荷密度增加的均不明显.其可能的原因是:胍是有机强碱.当胍分子一个NH2+与矿物表面Si-O-通过静电作用吸附于矿物表面后,由于胍基中还存在一个NH2官能团,它与矿浆中或者矿物表面的OH-发生氢键作用,矿浆表面OH-浓度增加,从而使矿物表面正电荷密度增加不明显矿粒表面荷负电.结合浮选实验、Zeta电位和红外光谱可以推断出矿物与SAG8的作用机理:SAG8阳离子中同时存在阳离子型和分子型两种NH2官能团,使得SAG8阳离子以静电力和氢键两种方式吸附铝硅酸盐矿物表面.其中在酸性介质中,SAG8主要通过静电力方式吸附在铝硅酸盐矿粒表面,而在碱性条件下以静电力和氢键两种方式作用.     

一水硬铝石和高岭石富连生体的正反浮选分离研究

对比研究了一水硬铝石、高岭石纯矿及其富连生体的浮选行为。研究结果表明：一水硬铝石和高岭石富连生体的可浮性差异小于两者纯矿的可浮性差异。混和矿试验表明：正浮选分离时，必须添加适当的分散剂才可获得较好分选指标；反浮选分离一水硬铝石和高岭石富连生体指标较不理想。需作进一步研究。     

胺类捕收剂对铝硅矿物反浮选脱硅试验

为探索研究胺类捕收剂对铝硅矿物的反浮选脱硅特性,以河南铝土矿及单矿物叶腊石与高岭石为原料,以现有的4种胺类药剂与实验室合成药剂C401作为捕收剂,进行一系列反浮选脱硅试验研究,考察各捕收剂的浮选脱硅效果,即分析比较各精矿的铝硅比与产率。结果表明,季铵盐类捕收剂1227、1231与C401的浮选脱硅效果较好。适宜的反浮选脱硅试验条件为,入料磨矿细度选择为-0.074 mm占比75%,试验pH值为5.5,C401的最佳药剂用量为150 g/t。单矿物试验结果表明,各胺类捕收剂对叶腊石的捕收能力强弱顺序为:C401>1227>1231>十二胺,季铵盐对叶腊石的捕收能力随着矿浆pH的升高(由酸性变为碱性)逐渐降低。通过红外光谱分析证明,季铵盐在叶蜡石表面的吸附作用为物理吸附。     

新型捕收剂N—十二烷基—1，3—丙二胺浮选铝硅酸盐类矿物的机理

以十二胺和丙烯腈为原料,常压下合成了阳离子捕收剂N-十二烷基-1,3-丙二胺(DN12),考察了其对高岭石、叶蜡石、伊利石的浮选行为.结果表明DN12的捕收性能优于十二胺;DN12的浓度为3×10-4mol@L-1时,对3种铝硅酸盐矿物的浮选回收率均超过80%,对3种铝硅酸盐矿物的捕收能力顺序为高岭石＞叶蜡石＞伊利石;浮选pH范围为5～8.动电位和红外光谱说明DN12与铝硅酸盐类矿物形成了氢键并产生静电吸附,且作用较强.     

羧甲基纤维素对层状镁硅酸盐矿物浮选的抑制与分散作用

通过浮选实验、润湿接触角测量和Zeta电位测试,考察滑石、绿泥石和蛇纹石3种层状镁硅酸盐矿物的可浮性及其对金川镍矿中的硫化矿物-黄铁矿浮选的影响,并研究羧甲基纤维素(CMC)对3种层状镁硅酸盐矿物浮选的抑制与分散作用.结果表明;3种镁硅酸盐矿物表面性质与可浮性不同,对硫化矿浮选的影响方式与机理也存在区别:蛇纹石天然可浮性较差,但由于静电作用易与黄铁矿发生异相凝聚,降低黄铁矿的可浮性进而影响其回收率,CMC可通过调整矿物表面电性而起到分散作用;滑石与绿泥石并不影响黄铁矿的可浮性,但由于其天然可浮性相对较好,易进入精矿增加MgO杂质含量,CMC能调整矿物表面润湿性而抑制其浮选.     

Flotation techniques for separation of diaspore from bauxite using Gemini collector and starch depressant

The floatability of diaspore and three kinds of silicate minerals,including kaolinite,illite and pyrophyllite,by a cationic Gemini surfactant as collector and starch as depressant was investigated as function of reagents concentration and pulp pH.Further studies of artificially mixed minerals and bauxite ore were also detailedly conducted.At last,the pre-desliming reverse flotation separation process was adopted.It can be concluded that the combinational use of a Gemini cationic collector and the starch dep...     

N-(3-氨丙基)-月桂酰胺对铝硅酸盐矿物的浮选

研究了N-(3-氨丙基)-月桂酰胺对高岭石、伊利石和叶蜡石的浮选性能。结果表明：N-(3-氨丙基)-月桂酰胺对这些铝硅酸盐都有较好的捕收性能，对高岭石、伊利石和叶蜡石的回收率分别在91％，90％和96％以上。矿浆pH值对3种矿物的可浮性影响较小，在一个较宽的pH范围内，3种矿浆的Zeta电位均为负值，矿粒表面荷负电。红外光谱证明，3种矿物中均含有-OH基。酸性介质中，捕收剂分子通过静电引力吸附在矿粒表面；碱性介质中，捕收剂分子通过氢键吸附在矿粒表面。矿粒的扫描电镜照片表明：叶蜡石颗粒主要呈薄片状；伊利石和高岭石颗粒晕不规则形状。     

Flotation separation of marmatite from pyrrhotite using DMPS as depressant

1 Introduction Pyrrhotite and marmatite are found in most sulfide ore bodies together. Their separation becomes an important issue. In the flotation of complex sulfide ores, high pH value is generally used to separate valuable sulfide minerals from pyrrh…     

Flotation separation of quartz from magnesite using carboxymethyl cellulose as depressant

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was introduced as a depressant in reverse flotation separation of quartz from magnesite. The flotation behavior and surface properties of magnesite and quartz exposed to CMC were studied by zeta potential tests, atomic force microscopy imaging and contact angle measurements. The addition of CMC as the depressant in reverse flotation using dodecylamine (DDA) as the collector exhibited a selectively depressive performance towards magnesite and achieved an improved recovery of magnesite. The study of surface properties demonstrated that CMC and DDA exhibited different adsorption strengths on the surface of magnesite and quartz. It was found that the adsorption of CMC on magnesite surface was stronger than that of DDA, which hindered the subsequent adsorption of DDA on magnesite surface. On the contrary, the quartz surface was strongly adsorbed by DDA instead of CMC, which proved that the addition of CMC did not influence the flotation of quartz.     

An impedance response model for inhibitory effect of antibiotics on bacterial growth in biometallurgy

An impedance response model reflecting the inhibitory effect of antibiotics on bacterial growth in biomet-allurgy was established. Three inhibition parameters, i.e. the maximum amount inhibitory constant of the bacterial growth(K1), the maximum specific growth inhibitory constant(K2) and the lag time inhibitory constant(K3), were included in the model. The influence of these parameters on the response curve was discussed in detail. By fitting experimental data towards the proposed model, three growth parameters (A,μm and λ) in the presence of antibiotics were gained and compared. The results show that the growth ability of bacteria is decreased due to the influence of antibiotics. The experimental and fitted curves have goodness-of-fit in the range of 0. 987-1. 008. Moreover, the kinetic growth parameters obtained from this model are closed to those from the Logistics popular growth model.These results show that the proposed model is validity to reflect the inhibitory effect of antibiotics on bacteria.     

季铵型阳离子捕收剂在一水硬铝石和高岭石表面的吸附机理

研究十二烷基三甲基氯化铵（DTAC）和十六烷基三甲基氯化铵（CTAC）对一水硬铝石和高岭石的浮选行为。通过残余浓度法测定吸附等温线,荧光探针法和Zeta电位测试方法研究季铵型阳离子捕收剂在矿物表面的吸附机理。浮选结果表明：将DTAC和CTAC作为捕收剂,一水硬铝石的浮选回收率随着pH的增大而增加,而高岭石的浮选回收率随着pH的增大反而下降。当捕收剂的碳链增长时,矿物浮选回收率提高,但高岭石的增加幅度小于一水硬铝石的。在低浓度范围内,阳离子表面活性剂通过静电作用吸附在一水硬铝石表面,而对于高岭石,还存在离子交换作用。当浓度增大时,阳离子表面活性剂通过碳链间疏水缔合作用在两种矿物表面进一步吸附。矿物表面微极性研究表明：CTAC的疏水性比DTAC强,相同溶液浓度下CTAC在一水硬铝石表面能形成比在高岭石表面更大的胶团,这也说明阳离子表面活性剂碳链的增长对一水硬铝石吸附的影响要大,与浮选结果相吻合。     

Intensifying digestion of diaspore and separation of alumina and silica

1　INTRODUCTIONDespitetheabundantdepositofbauxitesinChi na ,ofthosepredominantisthediasporictypewithhighalumina ,highsilicaandlowferricoxides .Thebauxitedeposit,withthemassratioofaluminatosil ica(A/S)between 4and 8,accountsfor 80 %ofallthebauxitedeposit.Thenatureofhighsilicacontentdeterminesthatthemainlyadoptedtechniquetopro ducealuminainChinashouldbeBayer sinteringcom binationprocessorevenpuresinteringprocess .Althoughadramaticadvancementinaluminaproductionhasbeenachievedandthetechnolo…     

西峡红柱石矿石的浮选分离

研究应用不同捕收剂时红柱石的浮选行为。采用西峡红柱石纯矿物进行微型浮选试验,利用红柱石矿石进行小型浮选试验,测定纯红柱石表面的电荷。结果表明,红柱石的等电点为pH5.2。在pH值高于等电点时,矿物表面带负电荷,可用胺类捕收剂浮选红柱石。相反,红柱石表面带正电荷,用烷基磺酸盐捕收剂（十二烷基苯磺酸钠）浮选红柱石比较有效。在中性和弱碱性pH范围时用油酸盐可以浮选红柱石。用烷基磺酸盐捕收剂时可以获得含55.3%Al2O3,红柱石回收率为75.6%的红柱石精矿。在用烷基磺酸盐捕收剂时,淀粉是脉石矿物的有效抑制剂。此外,试验发现矿泥对红柱石浮选有不利影响。因此,浮选前必须脱碳和脱泥。     

Reverse flotation separation on diaspore and kaolinite in the presence of cationic polyacrylamide polymers

1　INTRODUCTIONChinaisrichindiasporebauxiteresources[1,2 ]whichpossessspecialpropertiessuchashighgradeofbothAl2 O3andSiO2 andlowFecontent,buttheAl/Si(massratioofAl2 O3toSiO2 )valueislow .Inordertotreatthediasporebauxite ,unitedmethodsandsin teringmethods[3] arestillappliedalthoughsufferingfromdisadvantagesincludingcomplextechnologyflowchart,highenergyconsumption ,highproduc tioncost ,andrestrainingfurtherdevelopmentofalu minaindustry .However ,byimprovingbauxiteAl/Si>10 ,wecanchoosem…     

Corrosion of barium aluminosilicates by water-vapour: An investigation from first principles

Theoretical studies on the water-vapour corrosion resistance of barium aluminosilicates were carried out using Mulliken analysis based on first principles. The Mulliken population of Si–O bonds in different barium aluminosilicates was calculated. The water-vapour corrosion resistance of them was predicted based on these calculation results. In order to verify the prediction results, four barium aluminosilicate powders were synthesized by sol–gel method, and the water-vapour corrosion behaviour of these materials was studied at 1250 °C in an atmosphere of 50%H₂O–50%O₂ water-vapour flowing at a rate of 0.85 mm/s. The experimental results were consistent with the predictions by first principles. This work suggested a methodology for design and selection of silicate materials with good water-vapour corrosion resistance.