(Fe50Co50)73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金的微观结构及软磁性能

研究了(Fe50Co50)73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金晶化过程中的微观结构及形成纳米晶后的合金软磁性能,发现在FINEMET合金基础上,用Co置换1/2含量Fe形成的(Fe50Co50)73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9非晶合金具有相对较高居里温度Tc≈450℃,460℃退火处理后(Fe50Co50)73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金形成均匀纳米晶组织,晶粒度约为20nm.     

Ag、Cu添加对Fe40Co40Zr6Mo4B10合金热稳定性和磁性能的影响

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe40Co40Zr6Mo4B10、Fe40Co40Zr6Mo4B9Ag1和Fe40Co40Zr6Mo4B9Cu1三种非晶合金,在不同温度下对3种合金进行热处理。利用DSC、XRD、VSM对合金的热性能、微观结构和磁性能进行测试。结果发现,Ag和Cu元素的添加均提高了合金的热稳定性,同时也降低了合金的矫顽力。Cu元素的添加作用更为明显。Fe40Co40Zr6Mo4B9Cu1合金具有相对高的热稳定性能和低的矫顽力。     

Fe78Co2Zr8Nb2B10-xGex（x=1,2,3）合金的晶化过程和磁性能研究

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe78Co2Zr8Nb2B10-xGex(x=1,2,3)系非晶合金,在不同热处理条件下对两种合金进行热处理。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等测试手段对合金的微观结构和磁性能进行研究。研究结果表明,3种合金的晶化过程相似:非晶→非晶+α-Fe(Co)→α-Fe(Co)+Fe3Zr+Fe2B。3种合金的比饱和磁化强度(Ms)大体上随退火温度的升高而增大;3种合金的矫顽力(Hc)随退火温度的升高均呈现先增加、后降低、再增加的复杂变化趋势。     

Fe80-xCoxZr8Ge2B10 (x=0,8, 16)合金的热性能、结构和磁性能

用单辊快淬法制备Fe80-xCoxZr8Ge2B10(x=0,8,16)非晶合金,再对3种合金进行不同温度下退火处理.利用差热分析仪(DTA)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等测试手段对样品的热性能、微观结构及磁性能进行研究.结果表明,Fe80-xCox Zr8 Ge2 B10(x=0,8,16)合金在快淬态时均形成非晶.Fe80 Zr8 Ge2B10和Fe72 Co8 Zr8 Ge2 B10的晶化过程类似,比较复杂;Fe64 Co16 Zr8 Ge2 B10合金的晶化过程不同于其他两种合金,相对简单.3种合金的比饱和磁化强度整体上随着Co含量的增加而增大.     

高Fe含量FeCuNbSiB系非晶/纳米晶合金制备及其磁性研究

研究了过渡金属元素(Zr,Nb,Mo)和Cu元素对Fe78Si9B13合金系非晶形成能力、热稳定性和磁性的影响;在Fe74Cu1Nb3Si13B9合金的基础上,通过逐步提高Fe含量,利用单辊甩带法制备Fe(76+x)Cu1Nb3Si(11-x)B9(x=0,2,4)和Fe(79+x)Cu1Nb2Si(6-x)B12(x=0,2,4)非晶/纳米晶合金薄带;利用XRD、DSC、TEM和VSM研究了高Fe含量Fe-Cu-Nb-Si-B系非晶/纳米晶合金的微观结构和磁性,并通过添加Nb元素优化了高Fe含量合金的磁性。研究结果表明:Zr和Nb元素的添加能明显提高Fe78Si9B13合金的非晶形成能力和热稳定性;高Fe含量的Fe-Cu-Nb-Si-B系纳米晶合金为典型的非晶/纳米晶双相结构,合金的饱和磁化强度Ms180 emu/g,且合金的矫顽力Hc在2Oe-9Oe之间,具有良好的软磁性能;Nb元素能显著细化Fe-Cu-Nb-Si-B系合金晶粒尺寸,从而能显著降低合金的矫顽力,改善合金的软磁性能;当Fe含量在80%-83%(原子百分比,下同)之间时,合金具有良好的软磁性能,但当Fe含量达到85%时,会有Fe2B、Fe3B相析出,从而显著恶化其软磁性能。     

Cr替代Co对Fe3B/Nd2Fe14B纳米复合磁体微观结构与磁性能的影响

主要研究了添加Cr置换Nd5Fe72.3Cu0.2Co4B18.5合金中的Co元素对Fe3B/Nd2Fe14B型纳米复合永磁体磁性能与微观结构的影响.结果表明相应于Co元素而言,添加Cr元素可有效细化NdFeB合金软、硬磁性相的晶粒尺寸;随退火温度的升高,添加Cr元素的Nd5Fe72.3Cu0.2Cr4B18.5合金的jHc值随退火温度的变化不明显.DTA曲线分析表明,NdFeCuCoB具有一个放热峰,而NdFeCuCrB具有两个放热峰.NdFeCuCrB非晶合金在650℃退火处理30min可获得最佳磁性能Br=0.944T,jHc=383kA/m,(BH)max=77.5kJ/m3.     

Fe-Nd-B-Zr块体非晶合金的形成能力和磁性能

以Fe-Nd-B系块体非晶合金为前驱体制备永磁材料。在Fe70Nd10B20三元合金及其邻近成分点中微量添加Zr元素,采用熔体旋淬法和铜模喷注法制备样品,通过XRD和DSC表征非晶形成能力。对Fe70Nd9B20Zr1块体非晶合金进行退火晶化处理,采用XRD分析晶化产物,通过VSM表征不同晶化阶段的磁性能。结果表明,合金体系的非晶形成能力得到提高,在Zr原子分数为1%时获得临界尺寸为2mm的块体非晶合金;Fe70Nd9B20Zr1块体非晶合金在946K,600s退火时得到最佳硬磁性能,剩磁(Br)、内禀矫顽力(iHc)和最大磁能积(BH)max分别为0.54T,348kA/m和24.1kJ/m3。该合金体系可应用于直接通过铸造和热处理工艺制备块体纳米复合永磁材料。     

添加Zr、Co、B元素对ThCu_7型Sm-Fe合金结构的影响

采用SEM、XRD、EDX等方法分析了添加合金元素B、Zr、Co前后Sm-Fe合金铸锭的微观结构及快淬条带中的相组成.研究表明,添加合金元素B、Zr、Co前后,Sm-Fe合金铸锭均由Sm2Fe17相、富Sm相和α-Fe相组成,添加B可促使铸锭晶粒细化,富Sm相由块状向条状变化,添加Zr、Co可使铸锭晶粒进一步细化,富Sm相进一步条状化.添加合金元素B、Zr、Co前,Sm-Fe合金仅在快淬速度达到30m/s时得到ThCu7型六角晶结构的Sm10Fe90相及少量α-相;添加B、Zr、Co元素后,在不同快淬速度下合金均可得到单一的ThCu7型六角晶结构的Sm10Fe90相及部分非晶相.添加Zr、Co元素后,快淬条带晶粒进一步细化.当Zr、Co元素含量一定时,随快淬速度的加快,其晶胞体积呈先升后降的趋势,同时快淬条带中的非晶相逐渐增加,Sm10Fe90相逐渐减少.     

热处理对Fe80Zr5Nb4B11非晶合金的结构及磁性能影响

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe80Zr5Nb4B11合金,并在不同温度下对其进行退火,研究热处理对该合金的结构和磁性能的影响.利用X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)表征合金的结构,利用振动样品磁强计(VSM)测量合金的磁性能.结果表明:随着退火温度的增加,α-Fe晶体相从非晶基体中析出;晶粒尺寸逐渐增大;Fe81Zr5Nb4B10合金的比饱和磁化强度(Ms)在300℃下降,之后保持持续上升的趋势;而矫顽力(Hc)的变化相对复杂,呈现先上升→下降→上升的趋势,这些特征与其微观结构密切相关.     

Fe61Co10Zr5W4B20块体非晶合金的形成及其力学性能

采用铜模吸铸法获得直径为2 mm的Fe61Co10Zr5W4B20块体非晶合金.采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、示差扫描量热仪、微显硬度及压缩实验等研究了非晶合金的结构、热稳定性、显微硬度与压缩性能.结果表明:Mo的引入不利于非晶合金的形成;Fe61Co10Zr5W4B20块体非晶合金表现为二级晶化,玻璃转变温度为561.1℃,晶化起始温度为619.0℃,第一晶化峰值温度为632.6℃,第二晶化峰值温度为747.0℃,过冷液相区为57.9℃;该非晶合金的显微硬度为1207HV0.2,抗压强度σbc为1707.6 MPa.     

Microstructure of Differently Annealed NanocrystallineFe_(72.7)Cu_1Nb_(1.8)Mo_2Si_(13)B_(9.5) Alloy

The microstructure of differently annealed nanocrystalline Fe72.7Cu1Nb1.8Mo2Si13B9.5 alloy was investigated by using Mssbauer spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope. The specimens were isochronally annealed at temperatures between 480℃ and 600℃ for 0.5 h. The experimental results show that the microstructure mainly consists of the nanoscale bcc α-Fe(Si) grains and the residual amorphous matrix phase. A trace paramagnetic phase was found for annealing about above 500℃. The volume fraction of cr-Fe(Si) grain increases with increasing annealing temperature, whereas the average size of grain is almost unchanged above 480℃ up to 580℃. The calculated thickness of the intergranular layer of the residual amorphous matrix clearly decreases with increasing annealing temperature.     

Ordering of the α-Fe(Si) Crystallization Phase in Annealed Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Mo_3Si_(13.5)B_9 Alloy

The ordering of the α-Fe(Si) crystallization phase in annealed Fe73.5Cu1Mo3Si13.5B9 alloy has been studied using XRD method. The α-Fe(Si) phase in Fe73.5Cu1Mo3Si13.5B9 alloy annealed at 460℃ for 1 h consists of the DO3-type ordered region with spherical shape and disordered region. The size of DO3 ordered region increases with the annealing temperature. When the annealing temperature is 560℃, the size of the ordered region in the α-Fe(Si) grain is 14.0nm,which is nearly as large as that of the α-Fe(Si) grain (14.2 nm) and the degree of order of the α-Fe(Si) phase is about 0.78. When Fe73.5Cu1 Mo3Si13.5B9 amorphous alloy is annealed at 520℃, with the increment of the annealing time, the shape of the DO3 ordered region in the α-Fe(Si) phase is spheroidal at the beginning of the annealing and becomes spherical and has asize of 12.8 nm when the annealing time is 60 min. In addition, the DO3 superlattice lines of the α-Fe(Si) phase will vanish if Fe73.5Cu1Mo3Si13.5 B9 amorphous alloy is annealed for 1 h at 750℃.     

FeCoZrNbB合金的晶化过程及磁性能

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe_81-xCo_xZr₇Nb₂B₁₀(x = 2, 4, 6) 系非晶合金,并对该系非晶合金进行热处理。利用X射线衍射和振动样品磁强计研究FeCoZrNbB 合金系的晶化过程和磁性能。结果表明,Fe_81-xCo_xZr₇Nb₂B₁₀(x = 2, 4, 6) 系合金在快淬速率为30 m/s时完全形成非晶。Fe₇₉Co₂Zr₇Nb₂B₁₀合金的晶化过程为非晶→非晶+α-Fe→α-Fe + Fe₃Zr + Fe₂Nb_0.4Zr_0.6;Fe₇₇Co₄Zr₇Nb₂B₁₀与Fe₇₅Co₆Zr₇Nb₂B₁₀合金的晶化过程相同为非晶→非晶+α-Fe→ α-Fe + Fe₃Zr →α-Fe + Fe₃Zr + Fe₂Nb_0.4Zr_0.6。Co 含量的增加抑制了退火后α-Fe晶相的形核,并促使Fe 3Zr化合物更易析出。Fe_81-xCo_xZr₇Nb₂B₁₀(x = 2, 4, 6) 合金的比饱和磁化强度( M_s) 和矫顽力 ( H_c) 随退火温度的变化趋势相同。530℃ 之前退火,随退火温度的升高M s增加并不明显 ; 530℃之后退火,M_s迅速上升。530℃ 退火,H_c达到最小值;高于530℃ 退火,H_c随退火温度的升高而增加。      

热处理对(Fe_(0.52)Co_(0.30)Ni_(0.18))_(73)Cr_(17)Zr_(10)非晶合金的组织结构及磁性能的影响

采用单辊急冷法制备(Fe_(0.52)Co_(0.30)Ni_(0.18))_(73)Cr_(17)Zr_(10)非晶薄带,并对该合金进行等温退火。采用XRD,AFM,VSM研究退火温度对(Fe_(0.52)Co_(0.30)Ni_(0.18))_(73)Cr_(17)Zr_(10)非晶合金的组织结构和磁性能的影响。结果表明:非晶合金晶化过程为Am→α-Fe(Co)+Am′→α-Fe(Co)+Cr_2Ni_3+Fe_3Ni_2+Cr_2Zr+未知相。当退火温度Ti玻璃转变温度Tg时,由于结构弛豫、内应力的释放,合金的饱和磁化强度Ms有所提高;当晶化起始温度TxTi第一晶化峰值温度Tp1时,由于铁磁性α-Fe(Co)相的析出,Ms显著提升;当TiTp1时,由于晶粒长大和第二相的析出,Ms急剧恶化,565℃退火能够获得最好磁性能(Ms=106.8A·m~2·kg~(-1))。490℃和565℃退火后薄带表面的AFM观察表明,AFM图片所呈现的颗粒尺寸要比用Scherrer法测得的α-Fe(Co)纳米晶尺寸大得多,这是典型的包裹晶粒现象。     

La2Fe14B和Ce2Fe14B合金在快淬和热处理过程中相析出行为的比较

研究了溶体快淬三元La_2Fe_(14)B和Ce_2Fe_(14)B合金的相析出行为和磁性能,对不同快淬速度(10~50 m/s)和不同热处理温度下制备的样品进行了系统分析。结果表明,通过直接快淬,La_2Fe_(14)B合金中不能形成2∶14∶1硬磁相,而Ce_2Fe_(14)B合金可以获得2∶14∶1相。La_2Fe_(14)B合金在10m/s快淬时主要由La和α-Fe相组成,而Ce_2Fe_(14)B合金中2∶14∶1硬磁相在10m/s和20m/s快淬时析出。随着辊速的增加,非晶相逐渐增多并成为主相。在热处理过程中,La_2Fe_(14)B合金析出相以α-Fe和La相为主,并且高温下液态的富La相和α-Fe相可以共存;而Ce_2Fe_(14)B合金中先析出α-Fe,后析出2∶14∶1硬磁相,随后析出相长大。结果还表明,La_2Fe_(14)B比Ce_2Fe_(14)B有更高的非晶居里温度和更低的α-Fe相析出温度。由于硬磁相的析出,Ce_2Fe_(14)B合金可以获得较好的硬磁性能,包括一定的矫顽力。此研究对含La、Ce稀土永磁材料的生产具有一定的指导作用。     

Dependence of Structure and Magnetic Properties on Annealing Temperature in Fe72.5Cu1Nb2V2Si13.5B9 Alloy

The magnetic properties of Fe72.5 Cu1Nb2V2Si13.5B9 alloy are investigated from an amorphous to a nanocrystalline and complete crystalline state.The sample annealed at 550℃ for 0.5h shows a homogeneous nanocrystalline structure and presents excellent soft magnetic properties.When the specimens were annealed at a temperature above 600℃,the magnetic properties are obviously deteriorated because the grain size grows up,exceeding the exchange length.     

Nanocrystalline structure and initial permeability of annealed Fe73.5Cu1M03Si13.5B9 alloy

Abstract

The nanocrystalline structure of annealed Fe_73.5Cu₁M0₃Si_13.5B₉ alloy was investigated using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The relationship between the initial permeability and the microstructural parameters of the annealed alloy is discussed in this paper. The crystalline phase in annealed Fe_73.5Cu₁M0₃Si_13.5B₉ alloy is the α-Fe(Si) phase with a D0₃ superstructure. The volume fraction, silicon content, and degree of order of the α-Fe(Si) phase increased with an increase in the annealing temperature. In the temperature range of 460–560°C, the α-Fe(Si) phase had a grain size of 14 nm, and its grain number increased as the annealing temperature was increased. The D0₃ ordered region in the α-Fe(Si) grain was approximately spherical and its size increased as the annealing temperature increased. The size of the D0₃ ordered region was 14.0 nm at a temperature of 560°C, which is close to that of the α-Fe(Si) grain. There was an obvious change in the microstructure of the residual amorphous phase during annealing, the nearest atomic distance and the short range order of residual amorphous phase reaching a maximum and minimum respectively at 520°C. The initial permeability of annealed Fe_73.5Cu₁M0₃Si_13.5B₉ alloy was not only dependent on the microstructure of the α-Fe(Si) phase but was also related to the microstructural state of the residual amorphous phase.     

Recrystallization behaviour during annealing of cold-rolled Cu–5Fe–2Sn alloy

The recrystallization behaviour during annealing of cold-rolled Cu–5Fe–2Sn alloy was clarified in this paper. The effects of annealing temperature and time on the microstructure and properties of the Cu–5Fe–2Sn alloy were investigated. The equations of electrical conductivity and recrystallization kinetics during annealing were obtained with Martition's rule and Avrami empirical formula. The variations of recrystallization volume fraction and the growth of recrystallization grain for Cu–5Fe–2Sn alloy after 40% cold rolling were discussed. The calculated conductivity and volume fraction of recrystallization have a good match with experimental results. The variations of the properties of annealed Cu–5Fe–2Sn alloy are attributed to the growth rate of recrystallization phase and the size of recrystallization grains.     

Formation and crystallization behavior of Fe-based amorphous precursors with pre-existingα-Fe nanoparticles-Structure and magnetic properties of high-Cu-content Fe-Si-B-Cu-Nb nanocrystalline alloys

Structure,crystallization behavior,and magnetic properties of as-quenched and annealed Fe_81.3Si₄O₁₃Cu_1.7(Cu1.7)alloy ribbons and effects of Nb alloying have been studied.Three-dimensional atom probe and transmission electron microscopy analyses reveal that high-number-density Cu-clusters and Pre-existing Nano-sized a-Fe Particles(PN-a-Fe)are coexistence in the melt-spun Cu1.7 amorphous matrix,and the PN-α-Fe form by manners of one-direction adjoining and enveloping the Cu-clusters.Two-step crystallization behavior associated with growth of the PN-a-Fe and subsequent nucleation and growth of newly-formedα-Fe is found in the primary crystallization stage of the Cu1.7 alloy.The number densities of the Cu-clusters and PN-a-Fe in melt-spun Fe8_1.3-xSi₄B₁₃Cu_1.7Nb_xalloys are gradually reduced with enriching of Nb,and a fully amorphous structure forms at 4 at.%Nb,although smaller Cu-clusters still exist.After annealing,2 at.%Nb coarsens the average size(D_α-Fe)of theα-Fe grains from 14.0 nm of the Nb-free alloy to 21.6 nm,and 4 at.%Nb refines the D_α-Feto 8.9 nm.The mechanisms of theα-Fe nucleation and growth during quenching and annealing for the alloys with large quantities of PN-α-Fe as well as after Nb alloying have been discussed,and an annealing-induced oc-Fe growth mechanism in term of the barrier co-contributed by competitive growth among the PN-a-Fe and diffusion-suppression effect of Nb atoms has been proposed.A coercivity(HC)αDα-Fe³correlation has been found for the nanocrystalline alloys,and the permeability is inverse with the H_C.