除油和蚀刻对ITO导电玻璃化学镀镍的影响

实验采用碱性除油去除ITO导电玻璃表面的油污,用磷酸溶液进行蚀刻以提高化学镀镍镀层的结合力,以硫酸镍为主盐进行了化学镀镍。研究了除油和蚀刻的工艺条件对镀镍层性能的影响,确定了化学镀镍前处理的最佳工艺参数。结果表明,用碱性化学除油液在25~35℃,除油6 min,用磷酸溶液在40℃左右,蚀刻3min的条件下进行前处理,所得镀层覆盖率高、选择性优,与基体的结合力良好。     

用于制备镁合金蚀刻版的化学整平工艺

采用单纯机械砂光加工的国产镁合金蚀刻版与美国蚀刻版相比,表面残留清晰加工纹理,感光胶附着力差,影响推广使用。为改善国产镁合金蚀刻版质量,根据镁合金化学抛光理论及控制腐蚀尺寸的酸洗经验,开发了可去除表面砂光条纹,提高涂层附着力与耐蚀性能的化学整平工艺。该化学整平工艺与常规的镁合金酸洗工艺相比,单纯采用低含量的硫酸,且使用了缓蚀剂。附着力测试、腐蚀量测量、工艺稳定性试验等各种应用效果评价实验的结果,证明了该工艺简单,稳定,环保,腐蚀尺寸小,表面形成了均匀且具有一定防锈能力的蜂窝状微观组织,提高了与感光胶的附着力,不影响电泳、粉末喷涂、滚涂等后续处理的外观质量,使国产镁合金蚀刻版质量可与国外产品媲美,并可替代磷化作为镁合金前处理工艺。     

汽车用SPR铆钉镀层的选择

针对某次主机厂铝合金机盖铆钉镀层附着力不良问题进行了研究,通过显微镜观测、对比分析等试验方法对铆钉镀层脱落的原因进行分析,并依据表面成分分析、附着力及循环腐蚀试验结果,对铆钉镀层进行了重新开发,为铆钉镀层的选型工作提供借鉴。     

热浸镀锌铝镁镀层钢板硅烷涂装性能评价

以热浸镀纯Zn镀层板为对比，对具有不同表面状态(涂油或钝化)的热浸镀锌铝镁(ZM)镀层平板及双拉变形板在汽车主机厂进行了硅烷电泳处理，随后对其硅烷膜和电泳漆膜的品质进行了评价。结果表明：ZM镀层板的硅烷涂装性能优于纯Zn镀层板；变形对纯Zn镀层和ZM镀层的涂装性能无明显影响，但表面钝化会明显降低电泳漆膜的附着力和耐蚀性。     

外壳瓷件化学镀镍?磷及镍?硼镀液与镀层性能的对比

对比了外壳瓷件化学镀Ni–P合金和Ni–B合金的镀液性能,以及镀层的附着力、表面形貌、耐蚀性和焊料流淌性。化学镀Ni–P合金的镀液成本低、镀速高,但对加热设备的要求更高。厚度相同时,两种化学镀层的表面形貌相差不大。与Ni–B合金镀层相比,Ni–P合金镀层的粗糙度略低,附着力和耐蚀性较好,但焊料流淌性较差。镀层厚度增大后,两种镀层的附着力都减小,耐蚀性增强,可焊性却无明显变化。     

ABS表面化学镀表面改性新方法的研究

高分子材料化学镀中,通常必须对高分子材料进行表面改性,以提高高分子材料表面的极性,增强对金属离子的附着能力.探讨了一种以丙烯酸共聚物的溶液作为高分子材料表面改性方法的可行性.研究表明,聚丙烯酸酯共聚物的溶液在对ABS进行表面处理时,在ABS表面形成含有含氧官能团结构的新表层,该新表层能够对钯离子产生良好的附着力.同时研究表明,在化学镀镍过程中,镀层在经过改性后的表面生长均匀,致密性好,表明表面具有良好的可镀性.     

激光处理对CFRP与铝胶接性能的研究

碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)具有轻质高强的特点,被广泛应用于汽车、航空航天、建筑等领域。但CFRP表面惰性高,使得CFRP与其他异质材料复合时的胶接强度低,不能满足使用。采用激光(光纤激光器)对CFRP进行表面处理后,再与铝进行胶接测试。利用SEM、接触角测试和光学轮廓仪测试对不同脉宽的激光处理后的CFRP表面形貌、表面能、表面粗糙度进行研究。结果表明,随脉宽增加,处理后的CFRP表面树脂残留量减少,表面粗糙度增加,表面自由能也相应增加。对比激光处理与机械打磨两种方式与铝的胶接性能发现,激光处理的CFRP与铝的胶接强度比未处理提高了1.95倍,比打磨处理提高了1.02倍。对其胶接断面进行分析可知,激光处理试样的断裂模式主要为纤维撕裂破坏。     

印刷电路基板制造工艺的改进

本发明对印刷电路基板制造工艺进行了改进。 过去,在对塑料电路基板进行化学处理前,均需对电镀基板表面进行预处理。这些预处理方法包括:(1)用铬酸等强酸进行处理的所谓蚀刻法;(2)有机溶剂蚀刻法;(3)用喷砂的方法使表面粗糙。这些预处理技术有诸多缺点:(1)有有害金属排出,损害工人健康和造成环境污染;(2)操作烦杂;(3)由于过渡电镀,使镀层与基板     

PVC基体表面抗菌镀层的组成及性能研究

在聚氯乙烯(PVC)材料表面,采用化学镀方法制备镍-磷-钼酸银(Ni-P-Ag2MoO4)复合镀层。运用SEM、EDS、AES和XPS对镀层的表面形貌和组成进行分析,并对镀层抗大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的性能及持久性进行了定量测试。结果表明:用优化工艺所得Ni-P-Ag2MoO4镀层表面光滑、均匀、附着力好;镀层对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有良好的抑制作用,耐久性能好。其相对原子百分数约为Ni 62.41%、P19.02%O、10.53%、Mo 2.63%、Ag 5.27%C、0.15%。     

聚四氟乙烯材料油漆涂覆工艺的改进

聚四氟乙烯材料表面活化能很低，漆膜在该材料上的附着力很差，不能满足产品的漆膜附着力要求，本文经过工艺改进，采用钠-萘表面处理剂对底材进行活化处理，使得漆膜的附着力明显增强，满足了某型产品的环境使用要求。     

Effect of surface preparation on electroless Ni‐P plating on carbon fiber‐Reinforced Cyanate Ester Resin Laminate

The effect of surface preparation on electroless Ni‐P plating on carbon fiber reinforced cyanate ester resin laminate has been investigated. Three different surface chemical etching ways were performed, namely: (i) hexanediamine etching, (ii) hexanediamine followed by aniline etching, and (iii) aniline etching. The results indicated that Ni‐P coating on hexanediamine etching or hexanediamine followed by aniline etching pretreated carbon fiber reinforced cyanate ester resin laminates usually tended to be cracked, veined, and low adhesion, while aniline etched laminates showed a homogenous roughing surface which is suitable for subsequently uniform, cellular, and good adhesion Ni‐P plating. POLYM. COMPOS., 37:1161–1166, 2016. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Plasma etching and plasma polymerization coating of carbon fibers. Part 2. Characterization of plasma polymer coated carbon fibers

Unsized AS-4 carbon fibers were subjected to RF plasma etching and/or plasma polymerization coating in order to enhance their adhesion to vinyl ester resin. Ar, N₂ and O₂ were utilized for plasma etching, and acetylene, butadiene and acrylonitrile were used for plasma polymerization coating. Etching and coating conditions were optimized in terms of plasma power, treatment time, and gas (or monomer) pressure by measuring the interfacial adhesion strength. Interfacial adhesion was evaluated using micro-droplet specimens prepared with vinyl ester resin and plasma etched and/or plasma polymer coated carbon fibers. Surface modified fibers were characterized by SEM, XPS, FT-IR, α-Step, dynamic contact angle analyzer (DCA) and tensile strength measurements. Interfacial adhesion between plasma etched and/or plasma polymer coated carbon fibers and vinyl ester resin was reported previously (Part 1), and characterization results are discussed is this paper (Part 2). Gas plasma etching resulted in preferential etching of the fiber surface along the draw direction and decreased the tensile strength, while plasma polymer coatings altered neither the surface topography of fibers nor the tensile strength. Water contact angle decreased with plasma etching, as well as with acrylonitrile and acetylene plasma polymer coatings, but did not change with butadiene plasma polymer coating. FT-IR and XPS analyses revealed the presence of functional groups in plasma polymer coatings.     

Surface modification of drawn gel-cast ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films

Gel-spun ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers have superior properties but their use in composite material applications is limited by their poor adhesion to polymer matrices. Previous studies have shown that etching improves the adhesion of epoxy to the fibers, but leads to a reduction in mechanical properties. The purpose of this research was to use uniaxially drawn gel-cast UHMWPE films as a model system since both films and fibers have a highly oriented fibrillar structural hierarchy. Etching has detrimental effects on the mechanical properties and crystallinity of these very thin films. The small amount of carbonyl and carboxyl groups added to the surface through etching raises the film's surface tension and enhances wetting by epoxy. Even though the unmodified film cannot be bonded with epoxy, the interlaminar shear strength between epoxy and the etched films approaches the cohesive strength of the epoxy. A combination of interfacial and UHMWPE cohesive failures is observed. The increase in adhesion is attributed to the slight increase in surface oxygen.     

Plasma etching and plasma polymerization coating of carbon fibers. Part 1. Interfacial adhesion study

Unsized AS-4 carbon fibers were etched by RF plasma and then coated via plasma polymerization in order to enhance their adhesion to vinyl ester resin. Gases utilized for plasma etching were Ar, N₂ and O₂, while monomers used in plasma polymerization coating were acetylene, butadiene and acrylonitrile. Plasma etchings were carried out as a function of plasma power (30–70 W), treatment time (1–10 min) and gas pressure (20–40 mtorr). Plasma polymerizations were performed by varying the treatment time (15–60 s), plasma power (10–30 W) and gas pressure (20-40 mtorr). The conditions for plasma etching and plasma polymerization were optimized by measuring interfacial adhesion with vinyl ester resin via micro-droplet tests. Plasma etched and plasma polymer coated carbon fibers were characterized by SEM, XPS, FT-IR and α-Step, dynamic contact angle analyzer (DCA) and tensile strength measurements. In Part 1, interfacial adhesion of plasma etched and plasma polymer coated carbon fibers to vinyl ester resin is reported, while characterization results including tensile strength of carbon fibers are reported in Part 2. Among the treatment conditions, a combination of Ar plasma etching and acetylene plasma polymer coating provided greatly improved interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of 69 MPa, compared to 43 MPa obtained from as-received carbon fiber. Based on the SEM analysis of failure surfaces and load-displacement curves, the failure was found to occur at the interface between plasma polymer coating and vinyl ester resin.     

NaH-DMSO对Kevlar纤维表面处理的影响

采用化学镀工艺制备阻燃型导电纤维,为提高金属镀层与纤维基材的结合力,自制金属化试剂对Kevlar纤维进行表面粗化处理。利用分析天平、万能强力机、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和X射线光电子能谱仪对粗化前后的Kevlar纤维进行分析和表征。结果表明:经粗化处理后,Kevlar纤维表面呈现凹凸不平的粗糙表面,有大量的微坑和凹槽,能够增大纤维与镀层间的接触面积,纤维断裂强力降低;当处理温度为30℃、粗化时间为10 min时,粗化效果较好,纤维本体强度损失为6.6%;纤维表面极性基团含量增加,表面活性增强,从而改善了Kevlar纤维与金属镀层间的结合力和黏结性。     

Fouling Resistance on Chemically Etched Hydrophobic Surfaces in Nucleate Pool Boiling

Chemical etching, liquid phase deposition, and dipping techniques were utilized to fabricate highly hydrophobic micro‐ and nanoscale coating surfaces on stainless‐steel substrates. Heat transfer and fouling characteristics on these surfaces in pool boiling of deionized water and CaSO₄ solution were studied. High roughness and hydrophobicity of coated surfaces were obtained on chemically etched substrates. Compared to the polished stainless‐steel surface, the chemically etched coating surface provided a three times enhanced nucleate boiling coefficient at high heat flux. Obvious decrease of CaSO₄ fouling resistance was obtained on chemically etched surfaces due to the higher roughness and hydrophobicity before the fouling resistance reaches the asymptotic value. Slightly high asymptotic fouling resistance was observed compared with coating surfaces without chemical etching of substrates.     

弱浸蚀溶液对无氰电镀镉-钛合金镀层性能的影响

为了提高无氰电镀镉-钛合金镀层与基体的结合力,采用不同的弱浸蚀工艺对基体进行表面处理,利用场发射扫描电子显微镜及电化学工作站,观察和测试了两种不同弱浸蚀溶液对镉-钛合金镀层微观形貌、结合力及耐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,基体经过弱浸蚀后镀层完整、致密、结合力好,耐蚀性能增强。当H_2SO_4质量分数为5%,HCl质量浓度为40 mL/L时,对基体浸蚀效果较好,析氢不严重。     

New etching method of PVC plastic for plating by ultrasound

An ultrasonic etching method is effective to pretreatment of PVC plastic for plating without chemical pollution. After being etched for 60 min by 28-kHz ultrasound, the improvement of adhesion strength of Cu–PVC can increase 13%, compared with that of chromic–sulphuric acid etching. The mechanism of adhesion improvement was studied by examination of weight loss, surface roughness, scanning electron microscopy, image analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 68: 1411–1416, 1998     

Adhesive monomers to dental ceramics. III. Influence of surface treatment on effective adhesion of calcium metaphosphate ceramic with N-(vinylbenzyl)iminodiacetic acid

Influence of surface treatment of calcium metaphosphate ceramic was analyzed in detail to achieve high adhesion in an aqueous environment with N-(vinylbenzyl)iminodiacetic acid as a novel dental adhesive monomer. The adhesion strength was enhanced greatly by alkali etching of the ceramic surface, although the adhesion profile varied with etching conditions. Scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, and roughness evaluation indicated that high adhesion was closely associated with the formation of fine irregularity on the surface that was rich in Ca. N-(Vinylbenzyl)iminodiacetic acid was thus confirmed to be a suitable adhesive monomer for the ceramic in dentistry in terms of strength and durability when the ceramic surface was properly etched. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

铸造钛上直接镀镍工艺的研究

钛及其钛合金是非常活泼的金属,由于在其上容易形成一种自然的氧化膜,很难获得结合力良好的镀层。在铸造钛上镀镍的关键是如何保证镍镀层与基体的结合力,这样对铸造钛材的前处理研究就显得非常重要。为此研究了铸造钛合金镀前的浸蚀和活化工艺,研究了浸蚀液和活化液的组成及其对镀层结合力的影响,确定了最佳的工艺。