Internet中支配延迟的特征行为研究

通过对CAIDA机构授权的原始海量样本数据处理得到单向链路延迟,在此基础上计算了路径上最大的链路延迟对端到端延迟的比例以及路径上链路个数分布,基于此定义了支配延迟.针对链路延迟对端到端延迟的影响进行分析,表明支配延迟之间的差异是导致端到端延迟呈现多峰分布的主要原因.支配延迟更多地出现在路径的中间部分和AS自治域内部,说明延迟瓶颈从网络的接入部分向传输部分转移,得出传输延迟在总延迟中的影响逐渐减小,路径中的支配延迟将主要由传播延迟决定的结论.     

An analysis of virtual circuits with parallel links

Computer networks supporting virtual circuits deliver packets at the destination in the same sequence as they are received at the source. But packets may arrive at the destination out of sequence if the source is connected to the destination by multiple links. Consequently, in addition to queueing delay and service time (transmission delay) the packets suffer a resequencing delay. The sum of the queueing delay, service time, and resequencing delay is called the total delay. Assuming a Poisson stream of packets, a two-stage hyperexponential service time distribution and m equal capacity links connecting the source to the destination, the distribution and expected value of resequencing delay are derived here. With numerical examples it is shown that the mean total delay decreases very rapidly with the number of links m . The mean queueing delay increases rapidly with the mean service time, and the mean resequencing delay increases slowly with the mean service time     

光学延时物理机质及最新进展研究

分析了光学延时相控阵雷达（天线）国内外研究现状、研究机构及最新研究进展,提炼出普通和色散光纤延时线、波分复用技术结合多波长激光器光学延时、自由空间段结合液晶开关光学延时、布拉格、啁啾光纤光栅光学延时、平面波导技术光学延时、声光技术光学延时的相控阵分类及关键技术和代表性图示,评述了光学延时相控阵雷达（天线）国内外研究概貌。     

End-to-end delay of an adaptive selective repeat ARQ protocol

This paper analyzes the end-to-end delay of a selective-repeat ARQ protocol which tries to adaptively use the channel idle time. The end-to-end delay consists of three parts: queueing delay at the transmitter, transmission delay over the channel, and resequencing delay at the receiver. Although this paper succeeds only in obtaining approximate end-to-end delay, the agreement with simulation is generally good     

地球科学激光测高系统大气延迟修正算法

为了对大气传播延迟误差进行修正,达到精确测量的目的,推导了天顶延迟的理论计算公式;在大仰角情况下提出了一种简化的映射函数,并把它与连分式映射函数进行了比较。以地球科学激光测高系统在南极的观测数据为依据,分析得到该系统的平均大气延迟量为2.35m,修正误差控制在12mm以内。结果表明,在大仰角情况下,两者对总延迟的影响差异不超过0.1mm。总的延迟量可以通过天顶延迟和映射函数计算得出。     

Delay time analysis of submicron InP-based HEMT's

The intrinsic delay time of submicron InP-based HEMT's has been evaluated by coupling the delay time analysis with a 2D Ensemble Monte Carlo Simulation. The relationship between the delay time and the transit time is explained. It is shown that the delay time can be quite different from the transit time depending on the velocity modulation. The delay from each segment of the HEMT is calculated to study the distribution of the delay inside the device. The delay from the gate region was the major contributor while that from the drain region was also important. The bias dependence of the delay in each region of the device was calculated to explain the bias dependence of the total intrinsic delay time. The intrinsic delay time increase at low V_gs was due to the increase of τ_d and τ_s and the increase at high V_ds was due to the increase of τd. As a means of validation, the simulated data have been compared with experimental intrinsic delay time data at various bias points. Good agreement was found over a wide V_gs and V _ds range     

90 nm CMOS工艺下串扰延迟及其测量电路的研究

仿真分析了90 nm CMOS工艺中串扰延迟的趋势,结果表明,90 nm CMOS工艺下1 mm的连线延迟远大于单位门的延迟,最坏情况下1 mm连线延迟约为单位门延迟的6倍,而当线间耦合电容发生作用时,串扰延迟在连线延迟中起主要作用.提出了一种用于测量超深亚微米工艺串扰延迟的新型电路,电路主要由VCO和几个触发器组成,采用HSPICE对电路进行了仿真,结果表明所提出的电路最大测量误差为1.33%.     

群时延相位线性回归测量方法及应用

为解决传统群时延测量方法在工程实现中存在的频率分辨率与测量精度不可得兼的矛盾,提出了一种基于相位线性回归分析的群时延测量方法。在GPS授时接收机电缆传输特性测试中的实验结果表明,新测量方法与GPS授时接收机测得的信号传输时延之间具有好的对应关系。     

5G专线业务低时延特性的研究与实现

5G业务场景uRLLC要求端到端时延小于1ms，低时延是5G专线业务最大的特征。网络架构重构为CU-DU-AAU， CU放置位置会影响时延。通过软管道隔离来实现网络切片会造成带宽抢占，丢包重传会增大时延。通过网络结构调整可以降低线路传输时延，通过FlexE的1.5层快速转发可以降低设备转发时延，通过信道硬隔离隔离可以避免业务拥塞。综合以上技术方案可以有效实现5G专线业务低时延的特性。     

雷达回波信号仿真中距离特性的模拟实现

通过对几种脉冲信号延迟电路的分析,提出了计数延迟与专用延迟线电路相结合的距离特性模拟方法,以适应大的雷达脉冲重复频率变化范围及产生各种宽度的延迟脉冲,满足多种雷达的仿真测试需求。     

宽带卫星信道群时延的自适应均衡校正研究

在宽带卫星通信链路中,由于器件通带特性不理想和行波管放大器的工艺受限等原因使卫星信道的群时延波动较大,导致误比特性能恶化。群时延的补偿算法需要复杂的数学运算,因此工程上一般采用线性均衡对信道群时延特性进行校正。针对群时延失真严重情况下线性均衡效果下降的问题,对比研究了线性均衡、非线性均衡对信道群时延校正的性能,仿真分析了采用恒模算法的线性均衡和采用voherra模型的非线性均衡在群时延失真信道下的性能,得出了两类均衡器在群时延失真信道下的误码率性能曲线,结果表明低阶调制下采用非线性均衡可以较好的消除宽带卫星信道群时延的影响。     

基于网络拓扑的动态时延估算模型的研究

网络时延测量技术是了研究互联网的重要手段。针对网络时延估算问题,首先通过网络仿真分析了不同网络拓扑结构下时延序列与路径长度的关系,引入RTT相似度的概念来刻画这种关系。并以此作为网络时延估算的基础,设计了时延估算架构并提出了基于网络拓扑的时延估算模型。该模型利用线性回归的方法得到时延估算方程及估算精度。结合这些数据给出了动态时延估算方法,该方法可以根据不同的估算精度要求动态地选取测量节点进行时延估算,从而使时延估测系统更加灵活和高效。     

大气波导对无源定位差分时延精度的影响

利用泰勒级数近似的射线追踪算法,针对1 000 km范围内的超视距目标时差定位系统进行传播路径仿真建模,计算分析了不同波导环境下的差分时延误差和多径相对时延,评估了时差定位系统对大气波导超视距目标的时延差精度.计算结果表明,由于大气折射环境随距离的变化,无源定位系统的差分时延误差会随着通信距离的增大而增大.当系统通信距离达到近1 000 km时,较强的表面波导环境可使差分时延误差达到近30 ns,多径相对时延可达近20 ns;蒸发波导可使时延误差达近40 ns,多径相对时延同样可达近20 ns.通过对实际波导环境超视距链路时延效应的定量分析,为无源时差定位系统的工作性能和参数设计提供了环境保障和技术支撑.     

新型高压脉冲体声波延迟线的设计

该文通过对换能器和延迟介质的优化设计,实现了一种新型高压脉冲体声波延迟线的研制。相比传统的声波延迟线,设计的延迟线具有高脉冲耐压性能,耐压高达2 kV;同时,其延迟线插损小,输出功率较大（瞬态可达2 W）,可充当新型无源功率MOS管驱动器,无需额外能量供给。试验表明设计的延迟线在大电流放电干扰情况下具有高延迟稳定性。     

Speed and power scaling of SRAM's

Simple models for the delay, power, and area of a static random access memory (SRAM) are used to determine the optimal organizations for an SRAM and study the scaling of their speed and power with size and technology. The delay is found to increase by about one gate delay for every doubling of the RAM size up to 1 Mb, beyond which the interconnect delay becomes an increasingly significant fraction of the total delay. With technology scaling, the nonscaling of threshold mismatches in the sense amplifiers is found to significantly impact the total delay in generations of 0.1 μm and below     

CDMA2000中连接建立的分组延时分析

分组的RLP(无线链路协议)传送延时是连接建立延时的一个重要组成部分.已有的研究一般假设满负荷的条件计算该部分延时,但该假设在连接建立的过程中不成立.本文分析连接建立过程中分组的RLP传送延时,通过考察组成一个分组的所有数据帧在不同轮次的传送状态,提出了一种迭代计算方法.仿真结果表明,提出的方法可以准确地计算连接建立条件下的分组延时.满负荷条件下的延时和连接建立条件下的分组延时相比较,前者的延时可比后者的延时多达到100ms.     

继电器延迟时间测量电路的研究与设计

由于继电器触点开关“吸合”“释放”时要产生延时参数。此延时给自动控制带来麻烦。本文论述了继电器触点“开”“关”延迟理论。设计了一种简单可靠的延时测试电路。用此电路对市场上两种继电器抽检测试结果,均符合继电器技术条件要求。论文从理论上计算了它的延迟时间,并与测试结果进行了分析。本电路可应用于对继电器有延时要求的设计师和工厂检验人员制作检测装置或设备使用。     

Optimal Design of Frequency-Response Masking Filters With Reduced Group Delays

In this paper, a new method for the design of optimal finite-impulse response frequency-response masking (FRM) filters with reduced passband group delays is proposed. To meet the prescribed magnitude response and group delay, the proposed design method takes into account both the magnitude error and the group delay error. The key step is the derivation of the group delay and its gradient with respect to the filter coefficients, based on which an explicit group delay constraint is formulated. By incorporating the group delay constraint into the overall optimization, FRM filters with better approximation to the prescribed reduced group delay can be obtained in comparison with a recent method by Lu and Hinamoto in 2003, as illustrated by two design examples.      

非线性延时模型及逻辑门优化设计

为了解决信号斜率对逻辑门延时的影响,提出一种基于逻辑努力的非线性逻辑门延时模型.模型引入非线性修正因子,该修正因子通过对仿真数据的模拟,由优化算法求得.针对不同的连线负载,提出模型得到的延时与仿真得到的延时误差小于3％.仿真结果表明,在不同的连线负载下,采用该模型优化设计的译码器延时最小,验证了模型的有效性.     

The Performance of FSK in Frequency-Selective Rayleigh Fading

This paper presents measured error-rate performance of binary FSK with discriminator detection in simulated Rayleigh fading with time delay spread. Measured relations between error rate and carrier-to-noise ratio are shown for a range of time delay spreads. We have verified that the effect of time delay spread on error rate can be described by only one parameter, the ratio of the rms delay spread to the transmitted baud time. Intersymbol interference from time delay spread causes an irreducible error rate for FSK, even for infinite carrier-to-noise ratio. For 64 kbit/s binary FSK, the 2.6μs rms delay spread typical of the urban environment produces an irreducible error rate of 3 percent. The measured irreducible error rate for binary FSK with discriminator detection is proportional to the fourth power of the ratio of rms delay spread to baud time. This functional dependence is identical to that predicted analytically for FSK with incoherent matched-filter detection.