Confirmatory method for the analysis of carbadox and olaquindox in porcine feedingstuffs using LC-electrospray MS-MS.

A method is described for the quantitative determination of the two feed additives carbadox and olaquindox in porcine feedingstuffs. The use of these agents in feedingstuffs was prohibited in the European Union as a result of concerns about their toxicity. Regulatory laboratories are required to have suitably validated analytical methods to ensure compliance with the ban. The analytes were extracted from finished feedingstuffs into acetonitrile:chloroform (1:1, v/v), and aliquots (1.0 ml) of the extract were dried down under a stream of nitrogen at 65 degrees C. All residues were re-dissolved in HPLC mobile phase containing acetonitrile/water/formic acid. Analysis was based on LC coupled to positive-ion electrospray MS-MS, with daughter ions for carbadox at m/z 231 and 90, and for olaquindox at m/z 212 and 143 being monitored. The method was validated by analysing feed samples fortified with carbadox and olaquindox at 0.5, 2.5 and 5 mg kg(-1) on three separate occasions. Sample preparation was simple, thus allowing the confirmation of these compounds in large numbers of samples.     

食品中红2G、二甲基黄、二乙基黄工业染料的同时测定

建立了肉制品、豆制品、调味品中红2G、二甲基黄和二乙基黄的高效液相色谱及液相色谱—质谱联用测定方法。结果表明,红2G的检出限为0.5mg/kg,二甲基黄、二乙基黄的检出限均为0.1 mg/kg,回收率为80.7%~91.8%,相对标准偏差为3.8%~7.8%。     

UPLC-MS/MS法测定金沙江水域鱼体中卡巴氧及喹乙醇代谢物

为建立一种白酒香型鉴别方法,以DB-WAX为色谱柱,样品加标后直接采用气相色谱（GC）法进样分析。结果表明,香气成分线性相关系数R2＞0.999,检测限＜5.11 mg/L,精密度试验结果的相对标准偏差（RSD）＜4.11%;平均回收率为80.20%～97.93%。采用偏最小二乘法（PLS）对不同香型白酒数据进行建模和预测,不同香型白酒样品在PLS得分图中能分开,利用训练集和验证集数据对模型进行验证,结果表明预测准确率较高,校正均方差（RMSEE）和预测均方差（RMSEP）值也说明PLS模型对不同白酒香型具有较强的预测性。该方法在判别白酒香型分析中具有较高的准确性。     

高效液相色谱法检测白酒中非法添加头痛粉

采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）法建立白酒中非法添加物头痛粉的检测方法。采用Shim-paek CLC-ODS柱分离头痛粉,二极管阵列检测器（DAD）进行检测,外标法定量。该方法的线性相关系数R2＞0.999,相对标准偏差（RSD）＜5%,平均回收率为91.7%～100.6%,阿司匹林、对乙酰氨基酚方法检出限为1.0 μg/mL,定量限为3.0 μg/mL;咖啡因检出限为1.5 μg/mL,定量限为4.5 μg/mL。该方法准确、灵敏度高、分离度好,适用于白酒中非法添加物头痛粉的检测。     

Determination of olaquindox,carbadox and cyadox in animal feeds by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Olaquindox, carbadox, and cyadox are chemically synthesised antibacterial and growth-promoting agents for animals. At high doses they may exert mutagenicity and hepatic and adrenal toxicities in animals. Regrettably, these substances are frequently abused or misused when added into animal feeds. Thus, developing a sensitive and reliable method for simultaneous determination of olaquindox, carbadox, and cyadox in different kinds of animal feeds is crucially important for food safety monitoring. In this paper we optimised instrumental conditions, extraction solvents, solid phase extraction cartridges, and pH of the loading solvents on the Oasis HLB cartridge. Under the optimal conditions, mean recoveries ranged from 74.1 to 111%, and intra-day and inter-day variations were lower than 14.6% and 10.8%, respectively. The limits of quantification for olaquindox, carbadox, and cyadox were 0.05 mg kg^?1, 0.10 mg kg^?1, and 0.025 mg kg^?1, respectively. The proposed method uses ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and is sensitive and reliable for the simultaneous determination of olaquindox, carbadox, and cyadox in three kinds of animal feeds (specifically, mixed feed, concentrated feed, and additive premixed feed). This method has good precision, high sensitivity, and good reproducibility, and thus it can be used for convenient and accurate determination of olaquindox, carbadox, and cyadox in different kinds of animal feeds.     

Immunochromatographic Assay for Simultaneous and Quantitative Detection of 3-Methyl-Quinoxaline-2-Carboxylic Acid and Quinoxaline-2-Carboxylic Acid Residues in Animal Tissues Based on Highly Luminescent Quantum Dot Beads

Due to their potential adverse effects on human health, the use of carbadox and olaquindox in feedingstuffs was prohibited by the European Union since 1998. In this work, highly luminescent quantum dot beads (QBs) were synthesized by encapsulating CdSe/ZnS and used as novel fluorescent probes in the immunochromatographic assay (ICA) for simultaneous and quantitative determination of metabolites of olaquindox (3-methylquinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid, MQCA) and carbadox (quinoxaline-2-carboxylic, QCA). The fluorescence intensities of the test lines were recorded using a fluorescence strip reader. The 50% of inhibition for MQCA and QCA was shown to be 8.1 and 10.6 μg L^?1, respectively. The whole assay process can be accomplished within 10 min. The immunosensor was used to analyze spiked samples, and analyte intra- and inter-assay recovery rates ranged from 78.7 to 92.2% for MQCA and 80.6 to 95.8% for QCA, and coefficients of variation were all below 12%. The incurred tissues samples were assayed using both QB-based ICA and commercial ELISA kit and were further confirmed with LC-MS/MS. The QB-based ICA results exhibited good agreement with both commercial ELISA and LC-MS/MS methods.     

纺织品中醛类化合物的高效液相色谱法测定

纺织品中的7种醛类化合物与2,4-二硝基苯肼在酸性条件下衍生化反应生成各自的醛腙衍生物,采用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器测定了醛类化合物的含量,建立了同时测定纺织品中7种醛类化合物的检测方法。结果表明7种醛的衍生物得到良好的分离,各醛的浓度在0.15～7.5 ug/mL范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.9994,方法的平均回收率为85.4 %～97.8 %,相对标准偏差为0.2 %～7.6 %（n=7）,检出限范围为2.2～4.5 mg/kg,低于国标对相关醛类的限量要求。该方法能够满足纺织品中醛类化合物含量的测定,适用于纺织品中醛类化合物含量的分析确证。     

富硒豆豉中安赛蜜、苯甲酸、山梨酸、糖精钠、 脱氢乙酸的测定

目的建立高效液相色谱法同时测定富硒豆豉中安赛蜜、苯甲酸、山梨酸、糖精钠和脱氢乙酸的分析方法。方法样品经过沉淀剂沉淀蛋白后过滤,使用C_(18)反向色谱柱(pH1.5～9.0)分离,用甲醇-乙酸铵溶液作为流动相进行洗脱,经高效液相色谱紫外检测器和二极管阵列检测器检测,检测波长为230 nm。结果 5种添加剂具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.9990,检出限为1.0～2.0mg/kg。应用该方法检测富硒豆豉的加标回收率为90.2%～101.1%,相对标准偏差小于2.0%。结论本研究建立的方法有效可行,结果可靠,适用于富硒豆豉中5种添加剂的检测。     

香肠中红色2G的HPLC法及UPLC-MS/MS检测

建立香肠中红色2G色素的高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定和确证的超高压液相色谱-质谱/质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)。以0.662mol/L氨水为提取液,样品均质提取两次,离心后用C18柱净化,采用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-DAD)检测,流动相为乙酸-乙酸铵缓冲液-甲醇(55:45,V/V),等度洗脱,流速为1mL/min,检测波长为530nm,阳性结果用UPLC-MS/MS确证。HPLC-DAD法在0.0212～1.06mg/L范围内,红色2G的峰面积与其相应浓度呈现良好相关性,r＞0.999,方法测定限为0.106mg/kg,在空白样品中添加已知浓度的红色2G色素,平均回收率在79.0%～86.5%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)在3.19%～5.06%之间。UPLC-MS/MS法的测定限为0.005mg/kg,平均回收率在75.5%～80.2%之间,RSD在3.62%～9.97%之间。该方法可用于香肠中红色2G的检测及确证。     

肉制品中6种人工合成色素的快速测定

目的:建立一种同时测定肉制品中柠檬黄、苋菜红、胭脂红、日落黄、诱惑红和酸性红6种人工合成色素的高效液相色谱法。方法:采用乙醇-氨溶液提取样品中的色素,经乙醚脱脂,用Agilent Poroshell 120 SB-C₁₈色谱柱分离,以乙腈-乙酸铵（0.02 mol/L）为流动相,二极管阵列检测器可变波长程序测定。结果:6种色素在浓度0¹0μg/mL均有良好的线性关系,线性系数均大于0.9999,加标回收率为70.33%⁹3.08%,检出限为0.12⁰.21 mg/kg,相对标准偏差均小于5%。结论:该方法操作简单、快捷,重现性好,灵敏度高,可同时测定肉制品中6种人工合成色素,适用于肉制品的快速检测。      

9 种果汁对油炸薯条中丙烯酰胺的抑制作用

采用不同种类、不同质量分数的果汁对油炸薯条进行前处理,探索抑制油炸薯条中致癌物丙烯酰胺的方法。用新鲜水果汁泡制薯条后进行高温油炸,采用固相萃取法对样品液进行纯化。通过高效液相色谱法进行定性定量分析,色谱柱采用C18 柱(15cm × 4.6mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇- 水(体积比5:95),检测波长197.1nm。样品含量在0.02～0.1mg/L(r=0.9998)范围内线性关系良好,回收率为90.2%～94.7%,精密度实验相对标准偏差为0.8%～2.0%。     

Simultaneous determination of five quinoxaline-1,4-dioxides in animal feeds using an immunochromatographic strip

An immunochromatographic (ICG) strip was developed for the simultaneous quantitative determination of five quinoxaline-1,4-dioxides in animal feed. For this purpose, polyclonal antibodies (PcAb) with group-specific quinoxaline-1,4-dioxides were conjugated to colloidal gold particles as the detection reagent for ICG strips to test for quinoxaline-1,4-dioxides. This method achieved semi-quantitative detection of quinoxaline-1,4-dioxides within 5–10 min. The visual lower detection limits of the strip for quinocetone, cyadox, carbadox, mequindox and olaquindox were 10, 15, 15, 20 and 20 ng ml^?1, respectively. Using an ICG strip reader, the 50% inhibitions (IC₅₀ values) were calculated to be 9.1, 13.5, 16.6, 20.2 and 21.3 ng ml^?1 for quinocetone, cyadox, carbadox, mequindox and olaquindox, respectively. When used to analyse samples of animal feed, acceptable recovery rates of 77.5–99.5% and coefficients of variation (CVs) of 4.3–10.7% were obtained. Levels measured with the ICG strip for 10 spiked samples were confirmed by HPLC with a high correlation coefficient of 0.9965 (n = 10). In conclusion, the method was rapid and accurate for simultaneous determination of five quinoxaline-1,4-dioxides antibiotics in animal feed.     

HPLC法快速检测黑糯米酒中有机酸含量

建立了应用高效液相色谱（HPLC）法对黑糯米酒中草酸、酒石酸、丙酮酸、苹果酸、α-酮戊二酸、乳酸、乙酸、柠檬酸、焦谷氨酸和琥珀酸的含量进行快速检测的方法。结果表明,检测器为二极管阵列检测器,ZORBAX SB-Aq色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,柱温35 ℃,检测波长210 nm,流动相为0.03 mol/L的磷酸二氢钠溶液,pH值为2.90,在0～4.00 min,流速为1.0 mL/min;4.00～10.00 min流速为0.30 mL/min;10.00 min后流速为1.0 mL/min。黑糯米酒中10种有机酸均能在10 min内得到很好分离。标准曲线相关系数0.999～1.000,重复性试验相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.15%～0.87%,精密度实验RSD为0.024%～0.543%,检出限为0.015～0.219 mg/L,样品加标回收率为94.39%～104.73%。故此方法适用于快速测定黑糯米酒中10种有机酸含量。     

高效液相色谱法测定烟用香精香料中芝麻酚的含量

建立了烟用香精香料中芝麻酚含量的高效液相色谱测定方法。样品经超声波提取后,采用C18色谱柱分离/二极管阵列检测器测定,以保留时间进行定性,外标法进行定量。结果表明,芝麻酚在0.1~50.0μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,检出限为0.27μg/g,定量限为0.82μg/g,加标回收率为93.6.4%~103.7%,RSD<6%(n=5)。本方法具有灵敏度高、准确性好、操作简易等优点,适用于烟用香精香料中芝麻酚的批量检测。      

蓝莓类饮料中花青素的快速检测方法

目的：建立蓝莓饮料中飞燕草定-3-O- 葡萄糖苷及锦葵定-3-O- 葡萄糖苷两种花青素类成分的高效液相色谱快速检测方法。方法：采用高效液相色谱法,使用安捷伦ZORBAX SB-C18(4.6mm × 75mm,3.5μm)色谱柱,以3% 磷酸溶液和甲醇为流动相,二极管阵列检测器在波长525nm 处进行检测。结果：该方法对飞燕草定-3-O- 葡萄糖苷和锦葵定-3-O- 葡萄糖苷的最低检出限分别为0.4ng 和2.5ng,标准曲线线性良好,相关系数大于0.9984,回收率在90.2%～98.3% 之间,相对标准偏差不大于1.79%。结论：该法简洁、快速且灵敏度高,适合于蓝莓类饮料中花青素的快速检测。     

HPLC法测定食用动物油脂中丙二醛残留量

建立柱前衍生高效液相色谱法测定动物油脂中丙二醛残留量的方法。试样经三氯乙酸混合液提取,与硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)进行衍生化反应后,采用Thermo Syncronis C₁₈色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以0.01 mol/L乙酸铵-甲醇(体积比65︰35)为流动相,等度洗脱,二极管阵列检测器检测。结果表明,丙二醛在0.01~2.0μg/mL范围均有良好线性关系,相关系数(r)为0.9999;方法检出限为0.0064 mg/kg;3个不同水平(0.1,0.2和0.6 mg/kg)的加标平均回收率为97.41%~102.25%,RSD值为1.08%~2.15%。方法具有操作简便、灵敏度高、重现性佳等特色,适用于动物油脂中丙二醛残留量检测。     

高效液相色谱法测定竹木制食品相关产品中7种防菌防腐剂的残留量

目的建立高效液相色谱法同时测定竹木制食品相关产品中7种防菌防腐剂。方法样品经甲醇提取,选用色谱柱Agilent (ZORBAX SB-C18)色谱柱分离,在0.02 mol/L乙酸铵(含0.03%乙酸)和甲醇溶液为流动相条件下进行梯度洗脱,采用二极管阵列检测器,在220nm波长下检测,外标法对7种防菌防腐剂的进行定性定量分析。结果该方法分析时间适中, 7种组分均可分离完全,线性良好,相关系数均大于0.990,检出限为1.0～12.0mg/kg,平均回收率为73.96%～108.29%,相对标准偏差为0.11%～7.78%(n=3)。结论该方法操作简单,精密度高,重复性好,满足同时检测竹木制食品相关产品中7种防菌防腐剂的检测要求。     

白酒中爱德万甜及其他甜味剂的检测方法研究

该研究建立了同时检测白酒中新型甜味剂爱德万甜和安赛蜜、糖精钠、阿斯巴甜、阿力甜、纽甜的高效液相色谱多通道法。结 果表明,试样经70 ℃水浴蒸干、2 mL纯水复溶,水相滤膜过滤进样,以20 mmol/L乙酸铵和乙腈为流动相,梯度洗脱,C18柱分离,二极 管阵列检测器（DAD）检测,采用外标法定量。 阿斯巴甜、阿力甜在1.0～50 μg/mL范围内线性关系良好（相关系数R2均＞0.999 5）;爱 德万甜、安赛蜜、糖精钠和纽甜在0.1～50 μg/mL范围内线性关系良好（相关系数R2均＞0.999 9）。 爱德万甜、纽甜、安赛蜜、糖精钠检 出限为0.02 mg/kg,阿斯巴甜、阿力甜检出限为0.2 mg/kg。 相对标准偏差（RSD）＜0.5%;加标回收率为98.35%～105.25%;表明该方法 准确度、精密度良好。     

高效液相色谱法测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中酪蛋白磷酸肽的含量

目的 建立高效液相色谱法测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中酪蛋白磷酸肽含量的方法.方法 对婴幼儿配方乳粉样品对应生产批次所采用的酪蛋白磷酸肽原料进行测定,得到准确含量后作为参照品,对婴幼儿配方乳粉样品测定前处理中净化、提取条件进行优化,采用二极管阵列检测器(diode array detector,DAD)定量分析.结果 采用混合型...     

Development and validation of an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for monitoring quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid in the edible tissues of animals

The feed drug additive carbadox is a suspected carcinogen and mutagen. To monitor effectively residues of carbadox in the edible tissues of food-producing animals, an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) to detect quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid, the marker residue of carbadox, was developed. Several haptens were synthesised and conjugated to the carrier protein. Nine female New Zealand white rabbits were immunised with the immunising conjugates to produce polyclonal antibodies according to the designed schemes of immunisation. The highly specific antibody that was very sensitive to N-butylquinoxaline-2-carboxamide with an IC(50) value of 7.75 μg l(-1) was selected for the development of an ic-ELISA. The standard curves based on the N-butylquinoxaline-2-carboxamide matrix calibration ranged from 0.2 to 51.2 μg l(-1). The decision limit and detection capability of the ic-ELISA were 0.60 and 0.83 μg kg(-1) for liver and 0.68 and 0.79 μg kg(-1) for muscle of swine, respectively. The recoveries were 57-108% with coefficients of variation of less than 20% when the quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid was spiked into liver and muscle with the concentrations of 1.0-20.0 μg kg(-1). Excellent correlations between the results of the ic-ELISA and an HPLC method (r = 0.9956 - 0.9969) were observed for incurred tissues. These results suggest that the ic-ELISA is a sensitive, accurate and low-cost method that would be a useful tool for screening residues of carbadox in the edible tissues of food-producing animals.