PZN-BZN和PZN-BT陶瓷介电性能研究

制备了Pb(Zn1／3Nb2／3)O3-Ba(Zn1／3Nb2／3)O3(PZN-BZN)和Pb(Zn1／3Nb2／3)O3-BaTiO3(PZN-BT)两类PZN基弛豫型铁电陶瓷,系统地研究了它们的介电性能以及热处理工艺对其介电性能的影响。合成出具有100％钙钛矿相的0．9PZN-0．1BZN陶瓷,其最大介电常数为6160(1kHz)。对比这两个系统的介电性能发现,PZN-BT系中隐含的BZN组分对陶瓷性能有着重要影响。退火热处理能显著提高PZN基陶瓷相变温度附近的介电常数,但对样品的相交扩散和介电弛豫现象没有明显影响。     

Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3铁电陶瓷结构与性能的研究

采用固相反应的方法系统地研究了BZN稳定PZN基陶瓷的相结构与介电性能.随着BZN含量的增加,PZN-BZN陶瓷中钙钛矿相的稳定性增强,居里温度近似呈线性下降,室温介电常数和介质损耗随也显著降低,最小值分别为380和0.002.为获得100%钙钛矿结构的PZN基陶瓷所需BZN的最小用量为8mol%～10mol%,当BZN的mol%超过15mol%时,PZN基陶瓷中钙钛矿相所占的百分比不再受烧结工艺的影响,基本保持100%.1kHz时Pb0.9Ba0.1Zn1/3Nb2/3O3陶瓷的最大介电常数Kmax=8680,tgδ=0.02,相应的居里温度Tm为24℃.     

Zr4+B位置换对(Pb0.5Ca0.5)(Fe(0.5)Nb0.5)O3

研究了Zr4+离子B位置换改性对(Pb0.5Ca0.5)(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3陶瓷微波介电性能.实验结果表明,(Pb0.5Ca0.5)(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3(PCFNZ)陶瓷样品呈现单一斜方钙钛矿相结构.随Zr(4+)离子的置换量增加,PCFNZ陶瓷体系的Qr值和晶粒尺寸逐渐减小;介电常数εr随着置换量增加...     

溶胶-凝胶法制备MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系LTCC基板材料及其结构性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系低温共烧陶瓷(LTCC)基板粉料的先驱体,经700℃焙烧制得LTCC基板粉体,在850、900℃下烧结成LTCC基板样品.研究样品的相结构、微观结构、介电性能等.结果表明,样品含有多种晶相,微观结构为孤岛结构和柱状晶结构,介电常数、介电损耗、绝缘电阻、密度基本符合LTCC基板要求.     

半化学法制备0.80Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.20PbTiO3 陶瓷的研究

研究了制备纯钙钛矿相0．80Pb(Mg1／3Nb2／3)O3-0．20PbTiO3(缩写为PMNT)陶瓷的半化学法新工艺．详细讨论了除Nb2O5外，其它反应物以其非氧化物形态分别代替PbO、MgO和TiO2，以及PbTiO3或同成分的0．80PMN-0．20PT等钙钛矿相子晶对PMNT预烧粉体中钙钛矿相含量的影响；探讨了烧结温度对半化学法制备的PMNT陶瓷介电性能的影响，并对PMNT陶瓷的相组成、显微组织及介电性能进行了表征和测定．结果表明：提高镁组分的反应活性对提高预烧粉体中钙钛矿相含量的效果较好，同时以钛酸四丁酯取代TiO2的效果最好；半化学法工艺简单，能在850。C／2h预烧条件下制得几乎纯钙钛矿相的PMNT粉体，经过较低的烧结温度(950℃／2h)可制得致密的、介电性能优异的PMNT陶瓷．     

Nd3+A位置换对(Pb0.5Ca0.5)(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3陶瓷微波介电性能的影响

研究了Nd3+离子A位置换改性(Pb0.5Ca0.5)(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3陶瓷的微波介电性能.[(Pb0.5Ca0.5)1-xNdx](Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3(PCNFN)陶瓷的微波介电性能得到改善是由于少量过剩的Nd3+与(Pb,Ca)2+的固溶能够消除氧空位.当x=0.02时,能够形成单相的钙钛矿相,随着Nd3+置换量的增加,过剩的Nd3+将导致第二相焦绿石的形成,焦绿石会恶化PCNFN的微波介电性能.PCNFN介电性能随x的增加而下降是由于焦绿石相随x增加的结果.当x=0.02-0.05,PCNFN陶瓷有很好的微波介电性能,介电常数K>100,Qf值为5385-5797GHz,频率温度系数TCF随Nd3+含量的增加从正的变为负的.     

掺锰PMW-PT陶瓷的制备及其介电性能研究

采用半化学法制备了掺锰的0.5Pb(Mg1/2W1/2)O3-0.5PbTiO3(PMW-PT)陶瓷.掺锰PMW-PT反应前驱体是以醋酸镁和硝酸锰分别代替传统化物法中的MgO和MnO2制得的.通过XRD和SEM对掺锰PMW-PT陶瓷样品进行了表征,并测试了陶瓷的介电性能.主要讨论了烧结温度和掺锰对PMW-PT陶瓷介电性能的影响.研究结果表明:半化学法能够制得掺锰均匀且为纯钙钛矿相的PMW-PT陶瓷,掺锰抑制陶瓷的晶粒长大,从而提高了PMW-PT陶瓷的烧结温度;掺锰明显降低了陶瓷的介电损耗,同时提高了陶瓷的介电常数,但随掺锰量的增加,陶瓷的介电常数减小.PMW-PT陶瓷的合适掺锰量为0.25mol%,烧结条件为1050℃/2h,最大介电常数为9230,介电损耗低于0.04.     

硼硅玻璃—SiO2系统的介电性能研究

对硼硅玻璃－ＳｉＯ２系统的介电性能进行了研究，通过调整配比，得出４０ｗｔ％硼硅玻璃－６０ｗｔ％ＳｉＯ２的玻璃陶瓷在８５０℃烧结样品的介电常数εｒ为４．８０。并研究了不同频率下硼硅玻璃－ＳｉＯ２玻璃陶瓷的介电性能。     

Si-B-O系BST玻璃陶瓷制备及介电弥散研究

采用硝酸钡、硝酸锶、钛酸丁酯、正硅酸乙脂和硼酸三正丁脂为原料的溶胶凝胶方法制备了Si-B-O系BaxSr1-xTiO3玻璃陶瓷。通过差热分析(DTA)、热失重(TG)、X射线衍射(XRD)分析Si-B-O系BST玻璃陶瓷超细粉体合成过程及其相结构变化。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)描述Si-B-O系BST玻璃陶瓷烧结体的相结构和显微组织结构变化。阻抗分析仪测量Si-B-O系BST玻璃陶瓷的-50～100℃介电温谱。实验结果表明：Si-B-O系BST玻璃陶瓷粉体的相结构为立方钙钛矿相结构,其合成温度为700℃．不存在第二相。Si-B-O系BST玻璃陶瓷的烧结温度低于传统工艺。Si-B-O系BST玻璃陶瓷的显微结构呈细晶结构。Si-B-O系BST玻璃陶瓷的介电常数ε随着烧结温度升高而增大．介电损耗tgδ随测试温度的增加而降低。随着晶粒平均尺寸的减小．Si-B-O系BST玻璃陶瓷样品的介电峰变低．平坦．宽化．存在介电峰弥散化的现象。     

不同形态SiO2改性钙硅硼系微晶玻璃结构与性能

分别研究了高硅氧玻璃(96wt%SiO2,非晶态)与二氧化硅(99wt%,石英相)的添加对CaO-SiO2-B2O3(CSB)微晶玻璃微观结构、烧结性能以及介电性能的影响.结果表明:不同形态SiO2的添加均可以有效地降低介电常数,同时高硅氧玻璃的引入增加了试样的介电损耗.添加15wt%SiO2、850℃低温烧结试样,在10MHz下,介电常数为6.01,介电损耗1.2 × 10-3,且在5～40MHz频率范围内,介电常数随频率的变化不大.烧结试样的主要晶相为Quartz、CaSiO3和CaB2O4.     

VLE data for CO2-CF2Cl2, N2-CO2, N2-CF2Cl2 and N2-CO2-CF2Cl

Knowledge about vapour-liquid (VLE) is required as a basis of reliable calculations for separation processes. Correlations available for the prediction of T, p, x, y data are less accurate for mixtures at high pressures and mixtures containing supercritical components. The results of VLE experiments are reported and compared with data calculated with equations of state.     

Preparation of ZrO2-CeO2 and HfO2-CeO2 nanopowders

We prepared weakly agglomerated powders of ZrO₂-CeO₂ and HfO₂-CeO₂ solid solutions 5–8 nm in particle size, consisting of monoclinic and tetragonal phases. After heat treatment at 1200°C, the crystallite size was 30 and 14 nm, respectively. We also examined the effect of precipitate freeze drying on the crystallization of hafnia-based solid solutions containing up to 20 mol % CeO₂.     

Thermal diffusion in binary mixtures H2-CCl2F2 and H2-CHClF2

Thermal diffusion coefficients were measured in two gaseous mixtures, in which one component was close to the critical temperature, in the pressure range (19.6–127.4)·10⁴ N/m² and at a freon concentration of 0.25–0.8.     

Comparison of the Electronic Structures of La2CuO4, Sr2CuO2Cl2, and Sr2CuO2F2

First-principles cluster calculations are reported of the local electronic structure of the three compounds: La₂CuO₄, Sr₂CuO₂Cl₂, and Sr₂CuO₂F₂. The copper ${\text{3d}}_{x^2 - y^2 } $ and the planar oxygen 2p _σ atomic orbitals exhibit a similar degree of covalency. The out-of-plane orbitals, however, are quite different with the ${\text{3}}d_{3z^2 - r^2 } $ atomic orbital lowered significantly in energy for chlorine and fluorine apical positions.     

Radial GRIN glasses in Li2O-Na2O-Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 systems

A series of GRIN glass rods have been developed in Li2O-Na2O-Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 systems. Negative radial refractive index profiles were generated by exchanging Na+ for Li+ ions in these glass rods. It has been observed that TiO2 plays a vital role in increase in the profile depth and maximum change in the refractive index because of its ambivalent nature. Change in the refractive index can be further increased by increasing the concentration of exchanging cation in the base glass.     

Elastic and Electronic Properties of Superconducting CaPd 2 As 2 and SrPd 2 As 2 vs. Non-superconducting BaPd 2 As 2

The first-principles calculations were performed to predict the elastic and electronic properties of the superconducting ThCr₂Si₂-type phases CaPd₂As₂ and SrPd₂As₂ in comparison with the non-superconducting CeMg₂Si₂-type phase BaPd₂As₂. Besides, the same properties were compared for CeMg₂Si₂- and ThCr₂Si₂-type polymorphs of BaPd₂As₂. We found that all these phases are mechanically stable and belong to soft materials with low hardness. The near-Fermi region is formed by the valence states of the blocks [Pd₂As₂] with decisive contributions of Pd 4d states. The values of N(E _F) increase in the sequence: CaPd₂As₂ < SrPd₂As₂ < BaPd₂As₂, i.e. in the reverse sequence relative to the transition temperatures T _C. Thus, the change in T _C cannot be explained by the electronic factor, i.e. by the simple correlation T _C～N(E _F). Most likely the decrease in T _C in the sequence CaPd₂As₂ → SrPd₂As₂ and the absence of a superconducting transition in BaPd₂As₂ are related to the structural factors and the peculiarities of the electron–phonon coupling mechanism.     

Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO系统的亚固相关系

本文给出了 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统的亚固相图。实验结果表明:在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统中有一个未知结构的新化合物 CaO·Si_2N_2O,在3CaO·Si_2N_2O 和3CaO·Al_2O_3两化合物之间形成连续立方固溶体。而 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统中则没有发现新化合物。在两个系统的富 Si_2N_2O区,过量的 Si_2N_2O 与 La_2O_3和 CaO 分别反应形成 Si_3N_4与 La_(10)[SiO_4]_(?)N_2(H-相)(和 CaSiO_3。所研究的这两个三元系统中,分别形成了如下几个四元相容性区。在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统内有:H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Si_2N_2O-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3-Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-Al_2O_3-O′s.s;H-Si_3N_4-O′s.s-Si_2N_2O在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统内有:Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-CaO·Si_2N_2O-3CaO·Al_2O_3;Si_3N_3-CaSiO_3-3CaO·Al_2O_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_(?);Si_(?)N_(?)-CaSiO_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_2-Al_2O_3;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-Al_2O_(?)-O′s.s;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-O′s.s-Si_(?)N_(?)O