响应面法优化超声波辅助提取樱桃籽油的工艺研究

以异丙醇为浸提溶剂,利用响应面法(RSM)优化超声波辅助提取樱桃籽油的工艺条件。在单因素实验基础上,选取料液比、超声时间、超声温度、超声频率为自变量,以异丙醇为浸提溶剂,樱桃籽油得率为响应值,应用中心组合实验设计方法,研究各自变量及其交互作用对樱桃籽油得率的影响,建立二次多项回归方程预测数学模型。结果表明,料液比、超声频率和超声时间3个因素对樱桃籽油提取率有显著影响。确定超声波辅助提取樱桃籽油的最佳工艺参数为料液比1∶8(g/mL)、超声时间56min、超声温度40℃、超声频率110kHz、超声功率300W,在此条件下,樱桃籽油的油得率达到12.40%。     

基于PB设计和BBD响应面法优化牡丹籽饼中油脂的超声辅助提取工艺

优化牡丹籽饼中油脂的超声辅助提取工艺。在单因素试验的基础上,采用Plackett-Burman(PB)设计对影响牡丹籽饼中油脂提取的7个因素(粒度、液料比、浸提时间、浸提温度、超声温度、超声时间、超声功率)进行筛选。根据PB试验结果,选择粒度、浸提温度、液料比、超声温度为考察因素,运用BBD响应面法对牡丹籽饼中油脂的超声辅助提取工艺进行优化。结果表明:牡丹籽饼中油脂的最佳提取工艺条件为粒度80目、液料比27∶1、浸提温度45℃、浸提时间4 h、超声温度42℃、超声功率320 W、超声时间35 min,在此条件下,牡丹籽油得率为11.15%。     

超声波辅助提取番木瓜籽油最佳工艺的研究

本试验对超声波辅助提取番木瓜籽油的最佳工艺进行了研究,利用正交试验探讨了影响提取率的主要因素。结果表明,影响番木瓜籽油提取率的因素主次顺序依次为:料液比超声温度超声时间超声功率;最佳提取条件为:石油醚为提取剂,料液比为1:4(g:mL),超声温度50℃,超声时间20 min,超声功率120 W,番木瓜籽油提取率为35.1%,番木瓜籽油的脂肪酸主要由棕榈酸和不饱和脂肪酸组成,不饱和脂肪酸占80.7%,特别是油酸的质量分数高达72.7%,具有较高的保健价值。     

苹果籽油的超声波辅助提取及成分分析

以液料比、超声时间、超声功率3个因素对超声波辅助提取苹果籽油进行二次通用旋转优化设计试验,得到了苹果籽油提取率的回归方程,并确定最佳提取条件为:液料比8.13:1,超声时间31.3 min,超声功率165.2 W.最佳条件下苹果籽油提取率24.40%.经GC-MS分析,苹果籽油中不饱和脂肪酸含量为85.31%,其中油酸35.05%、亚油酸49.19%.     

超声波辅助提取新疆打瓜籽油脂的工艺研究

以新疆打瓜籽为研究对象,通过超声波辅助溶剂法提取打瓜籽油。以打瓜籽油的提取率为评价指标,在单因素的基础上,选取超声温度、提浸提时间、超声功率和液料比进行Box-Behnken响应面法试验设计,对其提取工艺参数进行优化。研究表明,打瓜籽油提取工艺的最佳条件为液料比为7∶1(mL/g),浸提时间为4 h,超声时间30 min,超声温度为50℃,超声功率为180 W,此条件下,打瓜籽油的提取率最高达27.88%。气相色谱法测定结果表明超声波提取的打瓜籽油中含有73.51%的亚油酸。     

超声波辅助水剂法提取茶叶籽油工艺的研究

研究了超声波辅助水剂法提取茶叶籽油工艺中原料粉碎度、兑浆水pH、液料比、浸提温度、浸提时间和超声时间对油脂提取率的影响.获得的最佳工艺条件为:原料粉碎度60～80目,兑浆水pH 6,液料比4:1,浸提温度70℃,浸提时间4 h,超声时间30 min.在最佳工艺条件下,油脂提取率为70.79%,副产品淀粉提取率为56.13%.     

正交试验法优化微波辅助提取树莓籽油工艺

以干燥的树莓籽为原料,正己烷为提取有机溶剂,优化微波辅助提取树莓籽油的最佳工艺。在微波温度、料液比、微波时间和微波功率4个单因素实验的基础上,采用正交试验法优化微波辅助提取树莓籽油的最佳工艺条件。实验结果表明,在所考察的各个因素中,微波功率对树莓籽油的提取得率影响最大,其次是微波时间和微波温度,料液比对树莓籽油的得率影响最小。微波辅助提取树莓籽油的最佳提取工艺条件为A2B3C3D1,即浸提树莓籽油宜选用的条件为微波温度55℃,微波时间9min,料液比1∶16(g/m L),微波功率400W。在此最佳提取条件下,微波辅助提取树莓籽油得率为16.52%。     

拟南芥籽油超声波辅助提取工艺的响应面法优化

利用响应面法对拟南芥籽油超声波辅助提取工艺进行优化。在单因素试验基础上采用中心组合（Box-Behnken）试验设计方法,研究提取时间、超声功率、提取温度及其交互作用对拟南芥籽油提取率的影响。试验确定的超声波辅助提取拟南芥籽油的最佳条件为：料液比1∶6,提取时间55 min,超声功率400 W,提取温度55℃。在最佳条件下,拟南芥籽油提取率为38.01%。     

正交实验优化川明参多糖超声提取工艺

研究超声波水提醇沉法提取川明参多糖的最佳工艺。通过单因素实验和正交实验对提取工艺进行优化设计,采用苯酚-硫酸比色法测定多糖含量,考察料液比、超声提取温度、超声功率、超声作用时间和超声提取次数对川明参多糖提取率的影响。得出影响川明参多糖提取率的先后次序为:料液比>超声提取温度>超声功率>超声作用时间。最佳提取工艺条件为温度70℃,超声功率140W,料液比1∶40,提取时间45min,提取2次。该工艺条件下,川明参多糖的平均提取率为47.13%。     

车前草多糖微波提取工艺研究

为探讨车前草多糖提取率的影响因素,本实验利用微波辅助提取法,以车前草多糖提取率为指标,通过对料液比、微波功率、微波处理时间、浸提温度进行单因素实验,并在此基础上进行正交实验。结果表明,影响车前草多糖提取率的因素顺序为:微波处理时间>料液比>浸提温度>微波功率。车前草多糖的最佳提取工艺为料液比1∶25(g/mL)、微波功率为450W、微波处理时间4min、浸取温度为70℃。在此条件下,车前草多糖的提取率为9.41%±0.23%。该法提取的车前草多糖提取率高,且节省时间。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press