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1.
Anwar A. Hamama Harbans L. Bhardwaj 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2011,88(3):361-366
In this study, the contents of total and individual phytosterols in sprouts made from seeds of seven canola (Brassica
napus L.) lines (Acropolis, Banjo, Jetton, KS-7740, KSM3-1-124, Mussette and Virginia), grown at three locations in Virginia (Orange,
Petersburg and Suffolk), were determined. Canola sprouts contained, on an average, 36.3 g sterols in 100 g of unsaponifiable
matter (UNSAP), 10.7 mg sterols in 1 g of oil and 2.4 mg sterols in 1 g of dry sprouts. The contents of individual phytosterols
(μg per g of oil) in canola sprouts were 1,162 brassicasterol, 3,799 campesterol, 34 stigmasterol, 5,359 β-sitosterol, 201
Δ5-avenasterol and 97 Δ7-stigmastenol. Canola lines had significant effects on the contents of oil, brassicasterol and campesterol. Locations had
significant effects on the oil, UNSAP, total sterols, brassicasterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol. The oil content in canola
sprouts was positively correlated with total sterols and Δ5-avenasterol, whereas oil content was negatively correlated with brassicasterol content. In general, the contents of campesterol
and β-sitosterol increased with an increase in total sterol content. The concentrations of sterols were in the following decreasing
order: β-sitosterol > campesterol > brassicasterol > Δ5-avenasterol > Δ7-stigmastenol > stigmasterol. These results indicate that canola sprouts may have the potential as a natural source of dietary
sterols and might be desirable for human nutrition. 相似文献
2.
There is little information available about phytosterols in canola (Brassica napa L.) oil and the effects of genotype and growing locations from Virginia and the mid-Atlantic region of the United States,
a potential area for the establishment of domestic production to provide edible oil. Our objectives were to characterize the
phytosterols, phospholipids, unsaponifiable matter, and FA in oil from Virginia-grown canola. Among 11 canola genotypes grown
at two locations during 1995–1996 significant variations existed for oil content and FA profiles, but not for contents of
phospholipids, unsaponifiable matter, total phytosterols, campesterol, stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol, Total phytosterol content
in the oil of Virginia-grown canola varied from 0.7 to 0.9% with a mean of 0.8%. This concentration compared favorably with
oil from Canadian canola, which typically contains 0.5 to 1.1% total phytosterols. The mean contents of brassicasterol, campesterol,
stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, Δ5-avenasterol, and Δ7-stigmatenol as percentages of total phytosterols in Virginia-grown canola were: 9.7, 32.0, 0.6, 49.3, 4.99, and 3.5%, respectively.
Growing location did not affect phytosterols in Virginia-grown canola oil but had significant effects on contents of phospholipids,
and saturated (myristic, stearic, and arachidic) and unsaturated (palmitoleic, linoleic, linolenic, eicosenoic, and erucic)
FA. 相似文献
3.
Emile M. Gaydou Philippe Bouchet 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1984,61(10):1589-1593
The kernel fat content of 16 different mango varieties collected from the Northwestern part of Madagascar island were examined.
The fat content (22–54%) was determined by chloroform/methanol extraction. Investigation by gas liquid chromatography (GLC)
revealed 15 fatty acids, mainly palmitic (7–12%), stearic (22–40%), oleic (41–48%) and linoleic (7–17%). Significant correlations
were observed among the main fatty acids. Testing for the sterol fraction in 15 mango varieties allowed us to separate and
quantitatively analyze 7 sterols by GLC. The main sterols wereβ-sitosterol (47–76%), stigmasterol (12–23%) and campesterol (7–12%). The stigmasterol/campesterol ratio (1.2:2.3) was lower
in mango kernel fat than in cocoa butter. Among the 4-methyl sterol fractions, gramisterol, lophenol, obtusifoliol and citrostadienol
were tentatively identified by GLC. Lupeol, cycloartenol,α- andβ-amyrins and friedelinol were tentatively identified by GLC in the triterpene alcohols fractions. 相似文献
4.
E. Fedeli A. Lanzani P. Capella G. Jacini 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1966,43(4):254-256
Triterpene alcohols and sterols were separated by thin-layer chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography from the unsaponifiable
fractions of the following 18 vegetable oils: linseed, peanut, olive, rice bran, palm kernel, corn, sesame, oiticica, palm,
coconut, rapeseed, grape seed, sunflower, poppy seed, castor, tea seed, cocoa butter and soybean. Two triterpene alcohols,
cycloartenol and 24-methylene cycloartanol, were found in all of the oils except soybean oil, which contained only cycloartenol.
Triterpene alcohols such as α- and β-amyrin, euphorbol, butyrospermol and cyclolaudenol also were encountered occasionally.
Three sterols, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol were present in all of the oils. In addition a fourth sterol, not
yet idenfified, was found in oils of palm, palm kernel and sunflower in varying amounts. This unknown sterol and brassicasterol
were found in rapeseed oil in addition to the three sterols that were common to all of the oils studied.
Experiment Station for Fats and Oils, National Center for Lipochemistry of National Research Council, Milan, Italy. 相似文献
5.
Béatrice Ramaroson-Raonizafinimanana Emile M. Gaydou Isabelle Bombarda 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1998,75(1):51-55
4-Demethylsterol and triterpene alcohol compositions of two Vanilla bean species (V. fragrans and V. tahitensis) were investigated. From retention times and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, nine 4-demethylsterols were identified
in V. fragrans and seven in V. tahitensis. The 4-demethylsterol fraction of V. fragrans was characterized by a high content of 24-methylene cholesterol (27–40%) and of β-sitosterol (35–46%). The 4-demethylsterol
fraction of V. tahitensis was characterized by a high content of stigmasterol (27%) and of β-sitosterol (57.5%), and a lower amount of 24-methylene
cholesterol (5%). Vanilla tahitensis was also characterized by the presence of ergosta-5,25-dien-3β-ol (2%) and the absence of campesterol, stigmasta-5,22,25-trien-3β-ol,
and ergosta-7,24(28)-dien-3β-ol. The beans’ age modified the ratio 24-methylene cholesterol/β-sitosterol in V. fragrans. Combining liquid chromatography and gas chromatography allowed the identification of four other demethylsterols in V. fragrans (brassicasterol, 0.02%; stigmasta-5,23-dien-3β-ol, 1.43%; stigmasten-22-ol, 0.1%; and fucosterol, 0.5%) from the 4-demethylsterol
fraction. 24-Methylene cholesterol and β-sitosterol were isolated, and their structures were confirmed by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance. Four triterpene alcohols were identified in V. fragrans, including cycloartenol (0.9–1.6%) from the triterpene alcohol fraction, 24-dihydrotirucallol (17–23%) from the triterpene
alcohol fraction, tirucall-7-en-3β-ol (6–7.5%) from the triterpene alcohol fraction, and in a higher content cyclosadol (66–69%)
from the triterpene alcohol fraction. The content ranges were studied as a function of the beans’ age. Demethylsterol and
triterpene alcohols profile could be used for origin differentiation. 相似文献
6.
Maria Luisa Forchielli Germana Bersani Sara Tala Gabriele Grossi Cristina Puggioli Massimo Masi 《Lipids》2010,45(1):63-71
Intravenous lipid constituents have different effects on various biological processes. Some of these effects are protective,
while others are potentially adverse. Phytosterols, in particular, seem to be implicated with parenteral nutrition-associated
cholestasis. The aim of this study is to determine the amount of plant and animal sterols present in lipid formulations derived
from different oil sources. To this end, animal (cholesterol) and plant (β-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol) sterols
in seven different commercially available intravenous lipid emulsions (ILEs) were quantified by capillary gas chromatography
after performing a lipid extraction procedure. The two major constituents of the lipid emulsions were cholesterol (range 14–57%
of total lipids) and β-sitosterol (range 24–55%), followed by campesterol (range 8–18%) and stigmasterol (range 5–16%). The
fish oil-derived formulation was an exception, as it contained only cholesterol. The mean values of the different sterols
were statistically different across ILEs (P = 0.0000). A large percentage of pairwise comparisons were also statistically significant (P = 0.000), most notably for cholesterol and stigmasterol (14 out of 21 for both), followed by campesterol (12 out 21) and
β-sitosterol (11 out 21). In conclusion, most ILEs combined significant amounts of phytosterols and cholesterol. However,
their phytosterols:cholesterol ratios were reversed compared to the normal human diet. 相似文献
7.
The unsaponifiables separated from 20 vegetable oils were divided into sterol and three other (less polar compound, triterpene
alcohol, and 4-methylsterol) fractions by preparative thin layer chromatography. The amounts of the sterol fractions were
more than ca. 30% in the unsaponifiables from all of the oils, except tohaku, pumpkin seed, and fagara seed oils. Composition
of the sterol fractions were determined by gas liquid chromatography. Individual components of the sterol fractions were identified
by gas liquid chromatography and combined gas liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. β-Sitosterol was found as the most
predominant component in the sterol fractions from all oils, except two, i.e. the sterol fraction from pumpkin seed oil contained
no detectable amount of β-sitosterol and the sterol fraction from akamegashiwa oil contained Δ5-avenasterol as the most abundant component. Campesterol, stigmasterol, Δ5-avenasterol, Δ7-stigmastenol, and Δ7-avenasterol and also trace amounts (at the very least) of cholesterol and brassicasterol were found in most of the oils analyzed.
It may be noted that a large amount (ca. 9%) of cholesterol was detected in the sterol fraction from capsicum seed oil. The
presence of 24-methylenecholesterol and Δ5-avenasterol in the sterol fraction of akamegashiwa oil was demonstrated by isolation of these sterols. 相似文献
8.
M. Angela T. Barroso J. A. Moura Fe F. M. Whiting W. H. Brown J. W. Stull 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1972,49(1):85-86
Grapefruit seed oil sterols separated from other lipids by Florisil column chromatography were characterized by gas liquid
chromatography. The presence of stigmasterol, campesterol and β-sitosterol is indicated. Expressed in terms of peak area,
the three sterols are present in proportions of 2.5%, 7.4% and 90.1% of the total, respectively. 相似文献
9.
Parvin Sharayei Reza Farhoosh Hashem Poorazrang Mohammad Hossein Haddad Khodaparast 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2011,88(7):993-1000
The anti-rancidity effect of the unsaponifiable matter fraction of bene kernel (UFB) oil on canola oil (CAO) during frying
was compared to that of tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ). The UFB was separated into hydrocarbons (12.9%), carotenes (9.6%), tocopherols and tocotrienols
(65.8%, mainly γ-tocopherol), linear and triterpenic alcohols (3.8%), methyl sterols (2.8%), sterols (3.0%, mainly β-sitosterol,
stigmasterol, Δ5-avenasterol, and Δ7-avenasterol, respectively), and triterpenic dialcohols (2.2%). The results obtained from the measurements of the total polar
compounds, the conjugated diene value, the carbonyl value, and total tocopherols showed that the stability of CAO improves
similarly in the presence of UFB or TBHQ, and even more in the presence of UFB in some cases (especially inhibition of oxidized
triglyceride monomers and triglyceride dimers). The analysis of polar components showed that the antioxidative additives were
more effective to resist the formation of thermo-oxidative than hydrolytic products during the frying of CAO. 相似文献
10.
Effect of extraction system, stage of ripeness, and kneading temperature on the sterol composition of virgin olive oils 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
A. Koutsaftakis F. Kotsifaki E. Stefanoudaki 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1999,76(12):1477-1481
Comparative extraction trials were carried out among a classical pressing, a dual-, and a three-phase centrifugation system
using olive crops of Koroneiki variety. Two different kneading temperatures, 30 and 45°C, were tested at three stages of ripeness
for two consecutive years of harvest, 1995–1996 and 1996–1997. Composition of the sterol fraction was determined in the resulting
olive oil samples (n=72). Stigmasterol was found to be affected by the extraction system; it was obtained in the highest amount in the pressing
system. The ratio campesterol/stigmasterol was significantly higher in oils extracted by dual- and three-phase centrifugation.
Sterols were significantly affected by the ripening stage of the fruit. During December, the ratio campesterol/stigmasterol
reached the maximal and β-sitosterol the minimal values; this appears to be the optimal period for harvesting the olives.
Comparison of the different kneading temperatures showed that at 30°C, Δ5-avenasterol and campesterol/stigmasterol ratio reached higher values than at 45°C. 相似文献
11.
Sterols,methylsterols, and triterpene alcohols in threeTheaceae and some other vegetable oils 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The unsaponifiables from threeTheaceae (Camellia japonica L.,Camellia Sasanqua Thunb., andThea sinensis L.) oils and alfalfa, garden balsam, and spinach seed oils and shea fat were separated into four fractions: sterols, 4-methylsterols,
triterpene alcohols, and less polar compounds by thin layer chromatography. While the sterol fraction was the major one for
the unsaponifiables from alfalfa and spinach seed oils, the triterpene alcohol fraction was predominant for the unsaponifiables
from all other oils. The sterol, 4-methylsterol, and triterpene alcohol fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography. All
the sterol fractions were alike in their compositions, consisting exclusively of Δ7-sterols, such as α-spinasterol and Δ7-stigmastenol as predominant components together with Δ7-avenasterol and 24-methylcholest-7-enol. Obtusifoliol, gramisterol (occasionally accompanied with cycloeucalenol), and citrostadienol,
together with several other unidentified components, were found in the 4-methylsterol fractions from all of the oils except
shea fat. The 4-methylsterol fraction from shea fat showed a characteristic composition containing a large proportion of unidentified
components which had relative retention time greater than that of citrostadienol, while no citrostadienol was detected. β-Amyrin,
lupeol, and butyospermol were major components of the triterpene alcohol fractions from most of the oils, but the fraction
from spinach seed oil contained cycloartenol and 24-methylene-cycloartanol as predominant components. There is a close similarity
in the compositions of unsaponifiables (sterols, 4-methylsterols, and triterpene alcohols) of the threeTheaceae oils. Two sterols, α-spinasterol and Δ7-stigmastenol, and five triterpene alcohols were isolated from tea seed oil. Moreover, five unidentified components beside
parkeol, butyrospermol, α-amyrin, and lupeol were isolated from the triterpene alcohol fraction of shea fat. 相似文献
12.
R. Przybylski D. Klensporf-Pawlik F. Anwar M. Rudzinska 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2009,86(6):553-559
The content and composition of fatty acids, sterols, tocopherols, and γ-oryzanol in wild rice (Zizania palustris) grown in North America were compared with those in regular brown rice (Oryza sativa L.). The lipid content of wild rice ranged from 0.7 to 1.1%, compared with 2.7% in regular brown rice. The lipids of wild rice
comprised mainly linoleic (35–37%) and linolenic (20–31%) acids. Other fatty acids included palmitic (14.1–18.4%), stearic
(1.1–1.3%), and oleic (12.8–16.2%). Wild rice lipids contained very large amounts of sterols, ranging from 70 g/kg for a Saskatchewan
sample to 145 g/kg for Minnesota Naturally Grown Lake and River Rice. The main sterols found in an unsaponified fraction were:
campesterol (14–52%), β-sitosterol (19–33%), Δ5-avenasterol (5–12%), and cycloartenol (5–12%). Some of sterols, γ-oryzanols, were present as the phenolic acid esters; the
amount ranged from 459 to 730 mg/kg in wild rice lipids. The largest amounts of tocopherols and tocotrienols, 3682 and 9378 mg/kg,
were observed in North Western Ontario wild rice samples, whereas the lowest were 251 mg/kg in an Athabasca Alberta sample
and 224 mg/kg in regular long-grain brown rice. The α isomer was the most abundant among tocopherols and tocotrienols. The
results of this study showed that wild rice lipids contain large amounts of nutraceuticals with proven positive health effects. 相似文献
13.
Toshihiro Akihisa Takeshi Kawashima Shushichi Takahashi Norio Sahashi Takahisa Okamoto Isao Niiya Toshitake Tamura 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1992,69(12):1232-1235
The sterols and fatty acids ofPsilotum nudum were investigated. The 4,4-dimethyl- and 4α-methylsterol fractions contained 24β-methyl-Δ25-unsaturated sterols,viz., cyclolaudenol and 24β-methyl-25-dehydrolophenol, respectively, as dominant sterols among the other components common in
vascular plants. 24-Methylcholesterol (mixture of C-24 epimers) and sitosterol constituted the dominant sterols in the 4-demethylsterol
fraction. This is the first identification of 24-methylene-5α-lanost-8-en-3β-ol, 24β-methyl-25-dehydrolophenol, codisterol,
isofucosterol, 24-methylene-25-methylcholesterol and avenasterol in a fern. The major fatty acids were 16:0, 18:1, 18:2, 18:3
and 20:3. In addition, several C20 fatty acids with various unsaturation were found to be present in low concentrations. 相似文献
14.
To assess the potential of traditional selection breeding to develop varieties with increased phytosterol content, we determined
concentrations of those sterols in canola, sunflower, and soybean seed oils produced from breeding lines of diverse genetic
backgrounds. Seed oils were extracted and saponified, and the nonsaponifiable fractions were subjected to silylation. The
major phytosterols brassicasterol, campesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol, were quantified by capillary gas chromatography
with flame-ionization detection. Canola contained approximately twice the amount of total phytosterols (4590–8070 μg g−1) as sunflower (2100–4540 μg g−1) or soybean (2340–4660 μg g−1) oils. Phytosterol composition varied among crops as expected, as well as within a crop. Both genetic background and planting
location significantly affected total phytosterol concentrations. Soybean plants were maintained from flower initiation to
seed maturity under three temperature regimes in growth chambers to determine the effect of temperature during this period
on seed oil phytosterol levels. A 2.5-fold variability in total phytosterol content was measured in these oils (3210–7920
μg g−1). Total phytosterol levels increased with higher temperatures. Composition also changed, with greater percent campesterol
and lower percent stigmasterol and β-sitosterol at higher temperatures. In these soybean oils, total phytosterol accumulation
was correlated inversely with total tocopherol levels. Owing to the relatively limited variability in phytosterol levels in
seed oils produced under field conditions, it is unlikely that a traditional breeding approach would lead to a dramatic increase
in phytosterol content or modified phytosterol composition. 相似文献
15.
Plant sterols and triterpenes exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities. As part of our ongoing studies of the medicinal
aspects of Maritime flora, particularly the herbal remedies of the Micmac and Malecite Indians, we determined the nature of
the sterols and triterpenes ofTanacetum vulgare L. (Compositae)—a widely used herbal remedy usually referred to as tansy. By using thin layer and gas chromatographics, nuclear
magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we were able to identify β-sitosterol
as the major sterol and α-amyrin as the major triterpene of tansy. We also identified the sterols stigmasterol, campesterol
and cholesterol, and the triterpenes β-amyrin and taraxasterol. A fourth triterpene was tentatively identified as pseudo-taraxasterol.
The successful therapeutic application of this herb may be due partly to the presence of one or more of these compounds. The
sterols and triterpenes of tansy have not been previously reported; neither, to our knowledge, have the NMR spectra of the
amyrins and the NMR and mass spectra of taraxasterol. 相似文献
16.
Paresch Chandra Dutta Seved Helmersson Eshetu Kebedu Getinet Alema Lars-Åke Appelqvist 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1994,71(8):839-843
Niger seed samples were collected from different regions in Ethiopia for determination of oil content, and of fatty acid,
tocopherol and sterol composition in the seed oil by gas-liquid chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography
methods. There was a large variation in oil content, ranging from 29 to 39%. More than 70% of the fatty acids was linoleic
acid (18∶2) in all samples analyzed. The other predominant fatty acids were palmitic (16∶0), stearic (18∶0) and oleic (19∶1)
at a range of 6 to 11% each. Total polar lipids recovered after preparative thin-layer chromatography comprised a small fraction
of the total lipids. They had higher 16∶0 and lower 18∶2 contents than the triacylglycerols.α-Tocopherol was the predominant tocopherol in all samples, 94–96% of the total amounting to 630–800 μg/g oil. More than 40%
of the total sterols wasβ-sitosterol,ca. 2000μg/g oil. The other major sterols were campesterol and stigmasterol, ranging from 11 to 14%. The Δ5- and Δ7-avenasterols were
in the range of 4 to 7%. From the samples studied, no conclusion could be drawn regarding the influence of altitude or location
on oil content, tocopherol and/or sterol contents. The results of the present study on niger seed oil are discussed in comparison
with known data for common oils from Compositae,viz, safflower and sunflower. 相似文献
17.
Camelina oil and its unusual cholesterol content 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
V. K. S. Shukla P. C. Dutta W. E. Artz 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2002,79(10):965-969
The oil in Camelina sativa L. Crantz has a combined linolenic and linoleic acid content that is greater than 50% and a relatively low saturated FA content
(∼10%). Although the FA composition has been reported, no information is available on the sterol composition of camelina oil.
The derivatized plant sterols were separated and quantified with capillary GC and their identity confirmed with GC-MS. The
refined camelina oil sample contained approximately 0.54 wt% unsaponifiables, and over 80% of the unsaponifiables were desmethylsterols.
Perhaps the most unusual characteristic of camelina oil is its relatively high content of cholesterol, particularly for a
vegetable oil, since it contains several times the cholesterol found in other “high-cholesterol” vegetable oils. Camelina
oil also contains relatively large amounts of another unusual sterol, brassicasterol. The major sterols identified in the
camelina oil included cholesterol (188 ppm), brassicasterol (133 ppm), campesterol (893 ppm), stigmasterol (103 ppm), sitosterol
(1,884 ppm), and Δ5-avenasterol (393 ppm). 相似文献
18.
Yuen-May Choo Soon-Chee Yap Cheng-Keat Ooi Ah-Ngan Ma Swee-Hock Goh Augustine Soon-Hock Ong 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1996,73(5):599-602
Recovered fiber from pressed palm fruits, which is normally burned as fuel to provide energy for the palm oil mills, has now
been found to be a rich source of carotenoids, vitamin E (tocopherol and tocotrienols), and sterols. Residual oil (5–6% on
dry basis) extracted from palm press fibers contains a significant quantity of carotenoids (4000–6000 ppm), vitamin E (2400–3500
ppm), and sterols (4500–8500 ppm). The major identified carotenoids are α-carotene (19.5%), β-carotene (31.0%), lycopene (14.1%),
and phytoene (11.9%). In terms of vitamin E, α-tocopherol constitutes about 61% of the total vitamin E present, the rest being
tocotrienols (α-, γ-, and δ-). The major sterols present are β-sitosterol (47%), campesterol (24%), and stigmasterol (15%).
The oil extracted from palm-pressed fiber is contaminated with about 30% of palm kernel oil. The quality of this fiber oil
is slightly lower than that of crude palm oil in terms of the content of free fatty acids, peroxide value, and anisidine value. 相似文献
19.
A comprehensive lipid profiling of the oil from the edible mophane caterpillar, Imbrasia belina, has been carried out as part of the study of the nutritional value of the caterpillar. GC-MS analysis revealed the composition
of the major FA classes as 18:3 (29.98%), 16:0 (25.64%), 18:1 (17.97%), 18:0 (12.49%) and 18:2 (11.81%), which was in agreement
with reported GC-FID analysis of the phane oil. ESI-FTICR mass spectrometric analysis showed phane oil to contain 20 TAG classes,
with C54:4 (14.59%), C52:3 (14.71%) and C52:2 (10.49%) being the dominant classes, whilst 13C-NMR studies of the TAGs regiochemistry showed that occupancy of the sn-2 position was dominated by linolenyl and linoleoyl groups whereas the sn-1/3 positions were dominated by saturated groups. Normal-phase HPLC analysis of the unsaponifiable matter showed the presence
of α-tocopherol (71.39 μg/g) and γ-tocopherol (1.66 μg/g) as the only tocol content in phane oil. GC-MS analysis of the total acetylated unsaponifiable matter
gave the relative composition of the major sterols as cholesterol (53.77%), β-sitosterol (24.16%), 22-dehydrocholesterol (14.58%) and campesterol (6.26%), whilst GC-MS analysis of an SPE pre-fractionated
unsaponifiable matter gave the absolute 4-desmethylsterol content (μg/g) as cholesterol (4482.44), β-sitosterol (1861.95), 22-dehydrocholesterol (1274.53), campesterol (503.83) and stigmasterol (21.78). Perhaps the adverse
effect of such high dietary cholesterol content on humans could be mitigated by the presence of the substantial amounts of
β-sitosterol and campesterol which are known to be blood plasma cholesterol lowering phytosterols. 相似文献
20.
Two samples of virgin olive oil and one sample of hexane-extracted husk oil coming from Iran were examined. The analyses included
physical and chemical characteristics, the composition of total fatty acids and fatty acids at the glyceride 2-position by
gas liquid chromatography (GLC) of methyl esters, the triglycerides composition calculation according to Vander Wal theory,
the separation of the alcoholic fractions (sterols, 4-methylsterols, triterpene alcohols, triterpene dialcohols and aliphatic
alcohols) of the unsaponifiable matter by thin layer chromatography (TLC), the quantitation and the composition of these fractions
by GLC of TMS derivatives. The results were in line with data from literature for olive oils of different origin, with the
exception of: a high content of unsaponifiable matter (1.75 and 1.95% for virgin oils, 5.33% for husk oil); a high amount
of sterols for husk oil (562 mg/100 g oil); a low content of SE 30 apparent β-sitosterol for husk oil (91.1%); a low amount
of triterpene dialcohols (1 mg/100 g oil) and triterpene alcohols (78 and 91 mg/100 g oil) for virgin oils; a content of cycloartenol
(60.2–66.9%) higher than the 24-methylenecycloartanol one (22.8–26.6%; a content of C24 linear saturated alcohol (33.9–38.0%) slightly higher than the C26 alcohol one (29.3–32.8%). 相似文献