双气头多联产中试装置的流程设计研究

为了综合利用气化煤气与焦炉煤气,拟建一座"双气头"多联产中试装置以进行研究.分析了多联产系统研究的特殊需求,由此产生了中试装置设计的主要原则;探讨了中试装置的单元技术方案,并在此基础上设计了一套中试规模的"双气头"多联产系统工艺流程;最后借助ASPENplus模拟软件对年产597 t甲醇的中试装置进行了计算,得到了系统的特性参数.设计方案和数据将为中试装置提供初步参考依据.     

工业污水回用中试工艺流程的探讨

针对94^#装置R350二沉池排水进行污水回用中试研究,中试装置规模为4t/h。根据水质特点、回用目的以及制水成本等多方面因素考虑,设计了一种工艺流程,并在中试过程中对该工艺流程不断改进,使其更加合理．取得了预期的水处理效果。     

合成油中试装置搬迁改造

以某合成油中试装置搬迁改造为例,通过搬迁方案选择、技术改进及搬迁过程中出现问题的应对解决方案,对合成油装置改造进行了经验总结。并通过跨国装置搬迁经验总结,为类似工程设计提供参考和思路。     

某大型物流交易中心消防性能化设计探讨

以某大型物流交易中心为研究对象,对类似大型建筑在人员安全疏散、防火分区、防排烟等方面存在的设计难点及采用的消防性能化设计思路进行分析介绍,通过火灾场景分析、火灾蔓延及烟气流动状态分析和人员安全疏散分析对采用的消防性能化设计进行介绍,为解决类似大型建筑消防设计的困难提供一些参考。     

MBS树脂合成技术的中试研究(Ⅱ)MBS胶乳的合成

阐述了MBS接枝胶乳”粒子设计”的依据,在已有MBS胶乳合成小试技术和SBR胶乳合成中试研究的基础上,进行了MBS胶乳合成技术的中试研究,着重研究了甲基丙烯酸甲酯和苯乙烯的接枝顺序、接枝率和橡胶相含量等对PVC／MBS抗冲性能的影响,以及接枝聚合反应温度对MBS树脂接枝率的影响,并将中试试验结果与小试结果进行了对比,为5000t／aMBS生产装置提供了设计依据。     

3万吨/年NaA型分子筛膜乙醇脱水工业示范

在自行设计并搭建的分子筛膜脱水中试装置上对微波加热技术合成的工业级Na A型分子筛膜管进行乙醇脱水蒸汽渗透的性能研究,为Na A型分子筛膜管的工业应用提供重要的设计依据。根据中试结果,完成了江苏索普集团醋酸加氢制乙醇项目中分子筛膜蒸汽渗透脱水的工艺包设计,并建设完成了3万吨/年的分子筛膜乙醇脱水装置。该装置一次性开车成功,目前已连续运行超过1000小时,运行结果良好。     

石油化工框架的结构布置及设计方法

为了对石油化工框架结构进行分析和计算,比较了结构材料的选用;在结构布置上,需注意柱及支撑的布置方向;在结构的设计思路中,针对于不同的支撑设置方法,有不同的计算考虑和要求,最后,给出计算的控制指标和框架的规定及构造要求。总结了石油化工装置中常见的框架的结构布置及其设计思路。     

MBS树脂合成技术的中试研究(Ⅰ)SBR胶乳的合成

从单体配比和SBR胶乳粒径对PVC／MBS合金抗冲性能和透光率的影响方面详细阐述了MBS接枝用SBR胶乳“粒子设计”的依据;在小试配方的基础上进行了SBR胶乳的中试试验,着重研究了SBR胶乳聚合过程和乳化剂用量、反应温度及搅拌速度等对SBR胶乳粒径和体系稳定性的影响,并将SBR胶乳中试结果与小试结果进行了对比,确定了中试配方和工艺条件,为5000t／aMBS生产装置的设计提供了依据。     

小颗粒油页岩流态化干馏中试技术改造及数据分析

介绍了小颗粒油页岩固体热载体流态化干馏技术的开发历程、中试工艺流程和针对中试装置存在问题进行的改造情况;通过对相关试验数据进行的统计分析,初步验证了该技术的先进性、科学性、可靠性,为该技术工业化装置的设计与建造提供了相关基础数据。     

合成气一步法制DME流程设计及模拟计算

设计了合成气一步法制取二甲醚（ＤＭＥ）中试流程（催化剂装置填量１Ｌ）,并结合５ｍＬ小试装置的实验结果和数据对分离工艺进行了模拟计算,得到了液相和气相各股物流组成,吸收塔与精馏塔各板主要组成分布及两塔工艺参数,以供中试时参考。     

威顿达州800kt/a硫酸装置建设和投料试车情况及启示

介绍威顿达州800 kt/a硫酸装置的建设和投料试车情况。装置采用"3+1"二转二吸工艺,设有低温热回收系统(HRS)和氨法尾气吸收系统。装置投产后运行顺利,各项指标均达到设计要求。对装置施工情况进行了总结,特别强调了国内外的没计差距对施工的影响,建议引起业内人士的高度重视。     

乙苯负压脱氢制苯乙烯大型实验装置自动控制系统设计

随着我国高等学校各项建设工作的大力推进,实验设备的需求也逐渐丰富起来。传统的化学工程专业实验设备的控制简单,与现今的大工业生产的装置自动化程度相比,有一定的脱节。这对于高校培养具有创新能力的"技术型"和"应用型"人才是不利的。华东理工大学化工学院的化学工程与工艺专业实验中心自主设计具有计算机控制的,能适应本专业学生的大型化工流程实验装置——乙苯负压脱氢制苯乙烯装置,运用MCGS工控组态软件对乙苯负压脱氢制苯乙烯装置进行自动控制系统的设计,实现了对脱氢装置的实验过程的监控,从而达到了实验的要求。     

春秋季童装外套面料设计

以14．5rex×2（40s／2）的涤纶为经纱,通过改变织物的组织与颜色,设计“透孔系列”、“花格系列”和“小提花系列”三种风格的童装面料。面料的色彩以淡雅为主,以减少童装面料里甲醛的含量,选择合适的织物组织和颜色的面料制作童装外套更有利于儿童穿着舒适、安全。     

污水处理站的设计与试运行

介绍了青岛海晶化工公司污水处理站的设计,并就开车后系统的试运行情况进行了评价和总结。装置运行的经济性和社会效益表明,该污水处理站的运行已达到设计要求。     

宋元闽北青白瓷造型设计的“适度”与“失度”

文章通过宋元闽北青白瓷造型装饰手法与装饰部位、纹样的适度,造型功能设计由"适度"走向"失度"的分析,提出现代日用陶瓷造型适度设计一要追求功能适度,二要追求技术适度,同时指出日用陶瓷造型适度设计并不是意味着产品的简单、机械、缺乏人情味,它的设计应该是保持对人性和美的追求。     

用自来水(河水)制备蒸馏水中试装置设计与研制

蒸馏水自制中试装置设计与研制旨在对普通自来水、河水进行蒸馏,得到化学实验所需要的工业级蒸馏水,从而使学生通过工程实训既锻炼动手操作能力,而且还获得蒸馏水成品。并且该装置可以模拟工业甲醇、乙醇废液的蒸馏提纯。蒸馏过程实现温度自控,在进料前可使物料先作为冷却液使用,回收了热源,降低了加热成本。此外,该装置还可以用于工业废液中甲醇、乙醇等的回收装置的推广,也可以作为常、低压化学合成反应的装置,做到一机多用,功能多样。     

陕西锌业180 kt/a硫酸装置转化工序的设计与运行

介绍陕西锌业180 kt/a锌精矿冶炼烟气制酸装置转化工序的设计与运行。转化工序采用"3+1"ⅢⅠ-ⅣⅡ二转二吸工艺,开车后运行正常,各项指标达到设计值,只是由于热量富裕造成循环酸温度过高,酸冷却器结垢腐蚀。为此进行了技术改造,增大了酸冷却器面积。改造后装置饱和蒸汽产量增加,超温问题消除。     

High quality water from refinery waste

STANIC Industria Petrolifera of Livorno (Italy), is a major Refinery of the AGIP group which has a capacity to process 5,200,000 tons of crude oil per year. STANIC recently decided to study the feasibility of reclaiming the effluent from their biological waste treatment plant which is currently discharged to the sea. The reclaimed water will be used for cooling tower makeup and feed to the boiler demineralization plant.All refinery wastes pass thru an API separator followed by a floatation-flocculation unit. The waste is then treated in an activated sludge biological treatment plant followed by a final aeration prior to discharge.The refinery also has an existing standard clarification gravity filtration plant used to treat municipal water prior to their boiler feed ion exchange system. It is anticipated that this water treatment plant (or portions of it) will be incorporated into a waste water recovery system.Consideration was given to the use of both the reverse osmosis (RO) and the electrodialysis reversal (EDR) membrane processes. However, the demands by refinery operation on the existing water and waste treatment would result in fluctuating quality of the water available to feed the membrane units. It was evident that the reclamation plant would have to withstand short periods (up to several days) when portions of the existing treatment facilities were not available for use. These conditions could result in the possible damage to the membranes by several means:

1. 1.1) Oil fouling
2. 2.2) Organic fouling
3. 3.3) Bacterial attack
4. 4.4) Chlorine leakage
5. 5.5) Plugging because of high SDI levels
6. 6.6) Metallic precipitates.

The best chance of successful wastewater reclamation appeared to be with the EDR System which has previously demonstrated its ability to operate under several of the above conditions. However, evidence did not exist of successful EDR operation under the combination of pollutants potentially existing in the Refinery's waste water.The key unanswered question was wether the membranes had the capability of withstanding long term to various pollutants. It was decided that a pilot plant was required prior to committing to a full scale plant.A containerized EDR pilot plant was obtained which included a membrane module using full sized EDR components. The use of a standard sized EDR membrane stack was considered essential to develop reliable data upon which to base a full scale system.     

Dissolved organic matter and nitrogen removal by advanced aerated submerged bio-film reactor

Aerated submerged bio-film (ASBF) pilot plant has been developed to optimize an inexpensive method of enhanced wastewater treatment. This study describes pilot scale experiments for efficient removal of dissolved organic and nitrogen compounds by using ASBF. This research explores the possibility of enhancing the performance of shallow wastewater treatment lagoons through the addition of specially designed structures. These structures are designed to encourage the growth of a nitrifying bacterial bio-film on a submerged surface. These structures also force the direct contact of rising air bubbles against the submerged bio-film. This direct gas-phase contact should increase the oxygen transfer rate into the bio-film, as well as increase the micro-climate mixing of water, nutrients, and waste products into and out of the bio-film. This research investigated the efficiency of dissolved organic matter and ammonia nitrogen removals at cold temperatures. As it was anticipated, nitrification activity was highest during periods when the flow rate was lower, but it seemed to decline during times when the flow rate was highest. And ammonia nitrogen removal rates were more sensitive than dissolved organic matter removal rates when flow rates exceeded 2.2 L/min.     

履带式起重机臂架的稳定性分析

起重机的臂架多是由众多杆件组成的桁架结构,其往往具有很高的强度,但是刚度及稳定性问题日益突出。基于设计规范的稳定性分析无法计算结构临界屈曲稳定载荷情况,可应用有限元法对臂架进行屈曲分析,得到臂架失稳时的临界载荷,为臂架的设计及校核提供参考。