动物源性食品兽药残留分析中样品前处理方法的研究进展

随着养殖业的迅猛发展,动物源食品兽药残留问题日益成为食品安全领域的重要内容,引起了世界范围内的广泛关注。动物源食品基质复杂,而其中残留的兽药含量甚微,因此,发展快速、简易、高灵敏度、高通量的兽药残留检测技术已成为迫切需要。样品前处理技术是农兽药残留分析的关键步骤,直接影响检测的结果。目前兽药残留检测中常用的样品前处理方法有液-液萃取、固相萃取、QuEChERS等。本文分别对兽药残留分析中常用的前处理技术进行比较全面的综述,对近年来各种前处理技术在兽药残留分析中的新应用进行了探讨,并对兽药残留检测技术在未来的发展方向作了进一步的展望。     

分子印迹技术在食品中兽药残留分析中的应用

分子印迹技术以其高度的专一性和选择性广泛应用于食品安全检测和分析领域。由于食品基质复杂,传统的兽药残留检测前处理技术难度大、用时长,将分子印迹技术应用于食品中兽药残留检测技术中,很好地解决了上述问题。本文综述了分子印迹技术在食品中兽药残留分析中样品前处理技术、色谱分离技术、快速检测技术三方面的应用,对不同种类的兽药残留在检测过程中利用分子印迹技术的情况进行了分类和总结,对分子印迹技术在兽药残留分析过程中存在的问题和应用前景进行了归纳和展望。     

食品中兽药残留液质联用法检测方法探讨

随着科技的发展,越来越多的检测技术诞生了。液相检测技术也叫高效液相色谱技术,目前在我国的兽药残留分析领域占有主导地位。因为液相色谱技术不会受到样品热稳定性和挥发性的限制,所以应用范围较广。本文从兽药残留检测方法概述、对动物性食品中受体激素残留的测定、相关技术在操作过程中的注意事项、食品中兽药残留检测的未来展望等四方面进行了阐述。     

蜂蜜中兽药残留检测方法的研究进展

随着我国蜂业的发展,蜂蜜中兽药残留问题日益成为食品安全领域的重要内容,引起世界范围内的广泛关注。兽药残留不仅危害人体健康也对我国蜂蜜的出口带了严重的阻力。近年来国家质量监督检验检疫总局、农业部及卫生与计划生育委员会等对此加大重视程度。由于蜂蜜基质复杂,其中兽药残留含量较低,因此,发展快速、简易、高灵敏度、高通量的兽药检测技术成为了目前迫切的需要。本文结合蜂蜜中兽药残留的现状,对目前蜂蜜中兽药残留的不同检测方法(液相色谱-串联质谱法、免疫分析法、分子印迹法、毛细管电泳法等技术)进行了阐述,并对兽药残留检测技术在未来的发展方向进行了进一步展望。     

餐饮服务环节兽药残留的标准制定和应用

本文从餐饮服务环节中兽药残留标准涉及的兽药种类、食品种类、残留限量值三个层面逐级分析, 提出了餐饮服务环节兽药残留主要拟检测品种, 综述了生食水产品、熟肉制品、乳制品中兽药残留的检测方法及其国内外的限量值差异, 并对适用于餐饮服务环节兽药残留的现场快速检测技术前景进行了展望。     

液质联用技术在蜂蜜兽药残留检测中的应用

近年来,中国蜂产品行业的快速发展,蜂蜜作为十分常见的天然动物源性食品之一,国内外消费群体对蜂蜜中兽药残留的问题越来越关注。国家监管机构也加大对此类问题的监督,由于蜂蜜基质复杂,兽药残留多处于痕量水平,因此需要较高的技术水平和仪器设备对蜂蜜中的兽药残留进行检测,高效液相色谱-串联质谱技术因其高检测精度、高灵敏度、高通量使其成为在蜂蜜中应用最广泛的技术之一,结合蜂蜜中兽药残留现状,对液相色谱-串联质谱技术在蜂蜜中兽药残留检测方法上进行阐述,并对兽药残留检测技术的发展方向进行展望。     

食品中抗生素类兽药残留的分析方法

综述了近年来抗生素类兽药残留的分析方法,分别对样品前处理、色谱检测方法及近年来发展起来的技术如化学发光分析法、电化学分析方法、酶联免疫法及生物传感器技术进行了讨论,并对兽药残留检测的发展前景进行了展望.     

质谱技术在动物源性食品兽药多残留检测中的研究进展

随着养殖技术的快速发展,大范围使用兽药造成的药物残留与食品安全息息相关,在动物源性食品中,不同基质中兽药残留的来源途径比较广泛。这些兽药残留超过一定水平就会对人类健康造成严重威胁,甚至产生致癌、致畸作用。在全世界范围内已经有相关法规对兽药残留作了限量要求。同时,检测技术的发展为能够快速高效地检测出动物源性食品中不符合法规限量的兽药提供了有力的保障。本文就近十年来动物源性食品中多兽药检测方法所使用的前处理方法及常用的质谱检测技术进行了综述,总结了前处理方法的优缺点和不同质谱检测技术的优势和局限性。     

食品中磺胺类药物前处理及检测方法研究进展

磺胺类兽药残留是目前重要的动物源性食品安全问题,检测食品中磺胺类兽药残留对人体健康具有重要的意义。检测食品基质中痕量兽药残留依赖于有效的前处理方法和精密的分析仪器。本文论述磺胺类兽药分析检测的研究背景和现状,并对国内外食品中磺胺类兽药残留的传统提取技术和新型提取技术等前处理方法及检测方法进行综述,为食品中磺胺类药物的残留监控提供参考。     

畜禽肉及鸡蛋中多种兽药残留前处理技术研究进展

为保障动物健康和生产性能,兽药在畜牧生产中得到普遍应用。但兽药的滥用及不合理使用导致兽药及其代谢产物残留在动物源性食品中,对人们的身体健康造成潜在危害。因此,开发简单、快速、高效的动物源性食品中多兽药残留检测方法尤为重要。如何从复杂样品基质中将多种残留的兽药提取和净化是兽药残留检测的关键环节,直接了影响检测结果的准确性。本文系统综述了畜禽肉、蛋中多种兽药残留的样本前处理与净化方法,同时对常用前处理方法的优劣和适用性等问题进行了比较分析,并指出未来样本前处理技术发展趋势,为促进动物源性食品中样本前处理技术的发展提供理论参考。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Detection of adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum by capillary electrophoresis and polarized light microscopy

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were utilized in the detection of the adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum. For CE analyses, standards of locust bean and guar gums were extracted with 30% CH₃CN, removing the residual proteins from the gum matrix. A 8.75 mM NaH₂PO₄-20.6 mM Na₂B₄O₇ buffer, pH 9, was used to separate these proteins and to identify marker proteins that were present in the guar gum. These markers did not co-migrate with components in the extracts of mechanically processed locust bean gum, and are used as indicators of adulteration. Using PLM with toluidine blue and iodine staining techniques, unadulterated locust bean gum samples were distinguished from mixed samples through the differential staining of components in locust bean versus guar and tara gums. These experiments in the use of CE and PLM provide orthogonal and complementary methods for the verification of 'true' positives and the elimination of 'false' positives.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.