脉冲电化学光整加工的流场及间隙特性

通过系统的试验研究，分析了工作液流场分布、流量、加工间隙等工艺参数对加工质量的影响。研究结果表明：合理控制加工间隙和工作液流场分布，对保证加工表面的质量极为重要；在优选的工艺参数下，可快速获得优质表面。     

精细加工复合工艺的基础研究

光整加工是模具乃至几乎所有机械零件加工中最后一道工序，其加工质量直接影响着模具和机械零件本身的质量和寿命，也影响着用他们加工和制造的产品和使用性能。在轻工、纺织、化工行业大量的零件需要抛光或去毛刺，尤其在模具制造过程中34～40％工作量是光整加工工序，因此光整加工技术是制造业面临的重要课题。     

电化学机械光整加工技术的研究

介绍了各种光整加工技术的特点、应用情况、发展动向及应用前景。通过几年来对电化学机械光整加工机理的研究及应用，探讨并定性地说明了各种因素对提高加工效率及质量的影响。     

磨削加工自动化智能化及虚拟化

磨削加工中，由于砂轮线速度高，砂轮由于高速引起的破碎现象时常发生，砂轮破碎及磨损状态的监测是关系到磨削工作能否顺利进行和保证加工质量和零件表面完整性的关键；在高速加工中，砂轮与工件的对刀精度，砂轮与修整轮的对刀精度将直接影响到工件的尺寸精度和砂轮的修整质量，因此，在高速磨削加工中，在线智能监测系统是保证磨削加工质量和提高加工生产率的重要因素。     

应用线电极磨削法的电火花微孔加工

在微细电火花微孔加工中，微细工具电极的制作精度是决定微孔加工质量的关键。本文介绍了作者研制的微细电火花加工样机。该机床应用了线电极电火花磨削法制作微细轴，并在同一台机床上用制作的微细轴作为工具电极加工微孔；同时为提高微孔的加工质量，采用了主轴横轴布局结构。该机床还采用了微能放电电源、去离子水工作液等加工工艺。经过实验加工，获得了高质量的微细轴以及微孔。     

提高数控加工质量的几个措施

数控加工中的工艺直接影响加工质量，为高效地使用数控机床，提高数控加工质量，必须采用相应的措施。     

发动机主要零件的加工工艺和设备（四）

发动机主要零件的加工工艺和设备（四）第一汽车集团公司发动机厂朱廷福张会文主题词：发动机零件加工工艺加工设备技术现状与发展４曲轴４．１曲轴的功用、特点和工艺要求曲轴是发动机的心脏，在工作中受到周期性不断变化的燃气冲击力、往复运动质量的惯性力、旋转质量的...     

数控加工中心工件坐标系的建立

工件坐标系的建立，是数控加工中一个非常重要的环节，它对数控编程、加工质量都会产生重大影响。文章对工件坐标系的建立及零点偏置值的测量，进行了较为全面的介绍，对数控加工有一定的指导意义。     

电熔爆精加工研究

电熔爆加工的质量，主要受加工电参数、工具电极材料及其损耗、机床控制方式、电源等因素影响。电熔爆加工在加工蜂窝密封环等工件时可达到IT5-IT7的加工精度；采用导电砂轮加工硬质合金，表面粗糙度Ra〈0．5ktm。研制专用数控系统，则可进一步提高电熔爆加工机床的加工质量和加工效率。     

不联机数控加工

运用计算机与数显设备的有机结合、实现不联机数控加工，提高了加工质量和加工效率。     

Advancement in electrochemical micro-machining

Electrochemical micro-machining (EMM) appears to be very promising as a future micro-machining technique, since in many areas of applications it offers several advantages, which include higher machining rate, better precision and control, and a wide range of materials that can be machined. In this paper, a review is presented on current research, development and industrial practice in micro-ECM. This paper highlights the influence of various predominant factors of EMM such as controlled material removal, machining accuracy, power supply, design and development of microtool, role of inter-electrode gap and electrolyte, etc. EMM can be effectively used for high precision machining operations, that is, for accuracies of the order of ±1 μm on 50 μm. Some industrial applications of EMM have also been reported. Further research into EMM will open up many challenging opportunities of improvement towards greater machining accuracy, new materials machining and generation of complex shapes for effective utilization of ECM in the micro-machining domain.     

Impact of the shape of electrode-tool on radical overcut of micro-hole in electrochemical micromachining

To make use of the full capability of electrochemical micro-machining (EMM), a meticulous research is needed to improve the material removal, surface quality and accuracy by optimizing various EMM process parameters. Keeping this in view, an indigenous development of an EMM machine set-up has been considered to carry out a systematic research for achieving a satisfactory control on the EMM process parameters to meet the micromachining requirements. In this study an EMM machine has been developed and experiments were conducted to study the influence of some of the major process parameters such as the machining voltage, electrolyte concentrations, the pulse-on-time and the machining current on the machining rate and accuracy. The effect of the shape of the tool electrode tips on EMM has been investigated experimentally with 304 stainless steel sheets. The machining rate and the overcut are significantly influenced by the shape of the tool electrode tip.     

Experimental investigation into electrochemical micromachining (EMM) process

Due to several advantages and wider range of applications, electrochemical micromachining (EMM) is considered to be one of the most effective advanced future micromachining techniques. A suitable EMM setup mainly consists of various components and sub-systems, e.g. mechanical machining unit, micro-tooling system, electrical power and controlling system and controlled electrolyte flow system etc. have been developed successfully to control electrochemical machining (ECM) parameters to meet the micromachining requirements. Investigation indicates most effective zone of predominant process parameters such as machining voltage and electrolyte concentration, which give the appreciable amount of material removal rate (MRR) with less overcut. The experimental results and analysis on EMM will open up more application possibilities for EMM.     

Experimental investigation on the influence of electrochemical machining parameters on machining rate and accuracy in micromachining domain

Non-conventional machining is increasing in importance due to some of the specific advantages which can be exploited during micromachining operation. Electrochemical micromachining (EMM) appears to be a promising technique, since in many areas of application, it offers several special advantages that include higher machining rate, better precision and control, and a wider range of materials that can be machined. A better understanding of high rate anodic dissolution is urgently required for EMM to become a widely employed manufacturing process in the micro-manufacturing domain. An attempt has been made to develop an EMM experimental set-up for carrying out in depth research for achieving a satisfactory control of the EMM process parameters to meet the micromachining requirements. Keeping in view these requirements, sets of experiments have been carried out to investigate the influence of some of the predominant electrochemical process parameters such as machining voltage, electrolyte concentration, pulse on time and frequency of pulsed power supply on the material removal rate (MRR) and accuracy to fulfil the effective utilization of electrochemical machining system for micromachining. A machining voltage range of 6 to 10 V gives an appreciable amount of MRR at moderate accuracy. According to the present investigation, the most effective zone of pulse on time and electrolyte concentration can be considered as 10–15 ms and 15–20 g/l, respectively, which gives an appreciable amount of MRR as well as lesser overcut. From the SEM micrographs of the machined jobs, it may be observed that a lower value of electrolyte concentration with higher machining voltage and moderate value of pulse on time will produce a more accurate shape with less overcut at moderate MRR. Micro-sparks occurring during micromachining operation causes uncontrolled material removal which results in improper shape and low accuracy. The present experimental investigation and analysis fulfils various requirements of micromachining and the effective utilization of ECM in the micromachining domain will be further strengthened.     

微细组合电加工样机研制及实验研究

基于新研发的一套微细组合电加工样机μEM-200CDS2,介绍了研发过程中探索出的最小脉宽可以达纳秒级的双功能微能脉冲电源以及样机中的若干关键技术,包括放电状态的双参数检测技术、工具电极在位多功能磨削技术、工作液稳定供给控制技术等。其中,双功能微能脉冲电源具备主动消电离环节,可以减少脉间的残余电荷放电,有利于提高加工表面质量;组合电加工样机床身设计有利于提高系统的加工精度和效率。最后,结合小孔的加工试验研究了典型的组合电加工工艺过程,结果表明:该过程中,可以并行完成工具电极在位修整与零件加工,有利于提高微小特征的加工效率。     

微细阵列孔的电解加工精度研究

从电解加工的特点出发,对影响微细阵列孔加工精度的因素进行了分析.电解加工过程中,工具阴极和工件阳极之间存在加工间隙是导致误差的根源.微细阵列孔的电解加工误差可分为复制误差和重复误差,电场强度的分布状态和杂散腐蚀是造成复制误差的最重要因素,而气泡在加工区域的堆积导致了重复误差的产生.通过理论和实验分析,为实验加工提供了提高加工精度的措施和办法.     

Influence of tool vibration on machining performance in electrochemical micro-machining of copper

Electrochemical micro-machining (EMM) appears to be promising as a future micro-machining technique since in many areas of applications, it offers several advantages, including biomedical and MEMS applications. A suitable micro-tool vibration system has been developed, which consists of tool-holding unit, micro-tool vibrating unit, etc. The developed system was used successfully to control material removal rate (MRR) and machining accuracy to meet the micro-machining requirements. Micro-holes have been produced on thin copper workpiece by EMM with stainless-steel micro-tool. Experiments have been carried out to investigate the most effective values of process parameters such as micro-tool vibration frequency, amplitude and electrolyte concentration for producing micro-hole with high accuracy and appreciable amount of MRR. From the experimental results and SEM micrographs, it is evident that the introduction of micro-tool vibration improves EMM performance characteristics. Lower electrolyte concentration in the range of 15–20 g/l reduces stray current effects. Hertz (Hz) range of tool vibration frequency improves the removal of sludge and precipitates from very small interelectrode gap. The 150–200 Hz range of tool vibration frequency can be recommended for EMM, which provides a better electrochemical machining in the narrow end gap. Compared to kHz range, Hz range micro-tool's vibration improves the MRR and accuracy in EMM.     

Influence of vibration on micro-tool fabrication by electrochemical machining

Recent trend in societies is to have micro products in limited space. Efficient micromachining technologies are essential to fabricate micro products which in turn will be helpful in saving material, energy and enhancing functionality. For micromachining, micro tool is very much essential. This paper is aimed at finding the most suitable and quickest method of micro tool fabrication by electrochemical machining. Tungsten micro tools were fabricated at different machining conditions to know the influences of voltage, frequency of tool vibration, amplitude of vibration of tungsten tool, concentrations of electrolyte and dipping length of tool inside the electrolyte. Fabrication of uniform diameter of micro tool is possible at each applied voltage starting at 2 V to higher volt utilizing vibration with appropriate amplitude. Good quality micro tools with different shapes can be fabricated by controlling a proper diffusion layer thickness within a very short time introducing the vibrations of micro tool. Finally, the fabricated micro tools were applied for machining precise micro holes and micro channel using electrochemical micromachining (EMM).     

微细电化学加工研究新进展

结合国内外微细电化学加工技术的最新进展，系统地综述了微细电化学加工在多个方面的研究情况和工艺特点，例如LIGA工艺、用电化学隧道显微镜(electmchemical STM)的针尖进行纳米级尺寸的电化学加工、用超短脉宽脉冲电压微细电化学加工等。微细电化学在未来的微纳加工中必将大有作为。